Hoa-ha?k goan-so? s? chi ?ng pho?-thong hoa-ha?k teng-s? b?-tang koh k? hun-kai iah s? piⁿ-chiaⁿ pa?t chiong hoa-ha?k bu?t-chit (chemical substance) e bu?t-chit, ti?ⁿ kan-chheng cho goan-so? . So?-? e bu?t-chit ki-pun-te?k long s? chiah-e goan-so? cho?-seng--e. Kau kah 2006, ? 117 chiong goan-so? hong chho?--tio?h. Goan-so?--nih si?ng se e lia?p-chu h? cho goan-chu , goan-chu l?i-te ? ti?n-chu leh se?h iong-chu ham tiong-chu cho?-seng e goan-chu-hu?t .

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