?????????????? ???????????? (??? ???????: ????? ?????? ) ??? ??? ???????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ????????.

??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? , (?' ???? ?'??"?), ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????????? ????????????.

???? ???? ??? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????, ??? ??????????? ? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? , ?? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???, ???? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????. ??????, ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? "???? ?????? ???? ?????..." ???? ??? ??? "??? ?????" ??? ?????? ????? ???????, ?? ??? ?????? "???" ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????, ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ?????.

?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? 4 ????????:

1. ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????.
2. ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ? ?????? ????????.
3. ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? .
4. ????????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????

??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

.?? ????????????????????????????? ???? ???????????? (????? ??????) ???? ??? ??????????? ??????? ???? ????????????, ???´ 1 ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? / ??? 15?? ??? 1948 ???????????

?? ??????????????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ???????????? (????? ?? ???? ????? ??????)

??? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ????????????? ???? ???????, ????????, ??? ????????? ????????. ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??????????? ??????????. ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???????????? ??? ??????????????????? ????????????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? .

???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ????? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????. ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??????????? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????????.

????? ??? ???????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????????. ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????????. ??????, ?????????? ??????????? (????????) ??? ????????? ????? ???????????????? ???????, ??????????? ????? ????????? ???????, ??????????? ??????? ??? ????, ??? ???????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????, ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????, ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????????, ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????????????.

??? ???? ???? (1897) ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????, ??? ???? ???????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????.

???? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ????????????????????? ???? 2?? ?????????? 1917, ??? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????????????????, ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?????????????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????, ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???????????.

??? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????, ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ?????, ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????, ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ????????????????, ???? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ??????????, ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ???????.

?? ??????????????????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????????, ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????, ????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????, ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????????, ????? ??? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????, ????????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ??????.

??? ??? ???????? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???, ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????????????? ???? ?? ????????????? ???????.

??? 29??? ?????????? 1947 ???? ?? ????????????? ???? ?? ????????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ??????????. ?? ????????????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??????????, ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????????? ?? ??????????. ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????.

???? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????, ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?????.

?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???????????, ?? ??????????? ???? ???????????, ?? ??????????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????????, ??? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????????. ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ????????????? ???????, ????????????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ??????????, ????????????.

??? ????????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ????????, ????? ???? ??? ?????, ???????? ?? ??????, ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? (??? 15?? ??? 1948), ??? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ????????, ????????????? ???????????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????????????????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? 1?? ????????? 1948 ? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??????????, ??? ???? ?????????????????, ?? ???????????????????????, ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????, ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????.

???????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????????????; ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ????; ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????, ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??????; ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????????? ??????????????? ??? ?????????? ????????????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???????, ????? ??? ???; ?? ???? ??????????? ????????? ???? ???????, ???????, ????, ????????? ??? ??????; ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????; ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ????????????? ???????.

???????????? ??? ????? ???????????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??? ??????????????? ???? ?? ????????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????????? ???? 29??? ?????????? 1947, ??? ???? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ??????????.

??? ????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ???????.

??? ????? ? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ? ?? ?? ????????? ??????????? ???? ???????????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ??????????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????????????, ??? ???????????, ??? ???????????.

??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???????????, ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????. ???????????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??????????.

??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ?????????????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????????, ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ? ????????????.

??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??????????, ?????? ????? ???? ?????????, ??? ??? ????? ???????????, ??? ????????, ????? ??? ??? ???? ????, ??? 14?? ??? 1948.

??? ????????

????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????????? ???? ???????? ?"? ??????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????????????? ??? ????????????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????

(??????: ?. ??????)

?????????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

• ?? ???? ??-??????