????? ???????????? ??????????
(
??????????
:
Саму?л Яф?мав?ч Пла?н?к
; 23??? ????? 1886 - 3?? ????????? 1941), ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????????
???????? ??????????
, ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????????.
?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????, ????
???????
??? ??? ????????
??????? ????????
???
?????????????
??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????. ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??
?????
. ????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????. ??? 1907 ???? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????????. ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????, ???????? ??? ????????????? ?????. ??????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ????-?????, ????? ???????? ??. ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????????. ??? 1932 ???? ?? ????????????? ??? ???????????? ???? ????? ??????-??????????? ??????????.
???????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????????? 1941, ??? ?????? ??? ???????-????? ????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??? ?????
????????
???
????????????
.
