???????????? ???????

??? ????????????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ????????? ( ?????? ) ??? ? ??????? ??? 28 ?????? ??? ? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ????????????. ??? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????, ??? ????? .

??? 1957 ???? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ????????. ??? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????.

??????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

??? ??? ???????? ????? ????? , ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??????-??????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????. ????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? 1950, ??? ??????????? ?????? ?????? . ? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? , ??????????? , ??????? , ?????????? , ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? .

??? ?? 1950?? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?????????. ?? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? 1957 ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????????. ??? ????? ??? ???? , ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????????? . ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? 1965, ???? ?? ????? ??????????????? ??? ?????????? ??? 1967, ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????? . ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ? ???????, ??? ??? ????????????. ???????? , ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????????, ??? ??? ???? ??????????? ??? ??? ???????????, ??? 3?? ??? 1960 , ? ????????? ??????????? - ?? ??????????? ????????? ????????? (EFTA), ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????.‏ ^[1]

??? ??? 1973, ???? ???????? , ???????? ??? ??? ??????????? ????????? ??? ????????????? ?? ??? ??????????? ????????. ????????? ??? ??? ????????????? ??? ??? 1981, ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? 1986. ??? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????????? . ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????????, ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????, ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? . ??? ??? 1995 ???? ??????? , ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ???????.

??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? 2002. ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? 2004: ?????? , ??????? , ??????? , ??????? , ???? , ??????? , ????? , ?????????? , ??????????? ??? ?????? . ??? 2007, ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? , ??? ??? 2013, ??????? . ????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????? 28 ??????? ??????.

????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????:

?????	?????
????????	Europai Unio
??????????	Unione europea
?????	An tAontas Eorpach
????????	Европейски съюз
??????	Ευρωπα?κ? ?νωση
???????	Europaische Union
?????	Den Europæiske Union
????????	Europese Unie
??????	Evropska unie
???????	Europos S?junga
?????	Eiropas Savien?ba
????????	Unjoni Ewropea
?????????	Europska unia
?????????	Evropska unija
??????	European Union
?????	Euroopa Liit
??????????	Uniao Europeia
??????	Unia Europejska
??????	Euroopan unioni
???????????	Union europeenne
???????	Europska unija
???????	Uniunea European?
???????	Europeiska unionen
??????	Union Europea

????????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

?????????

???????

????

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?????

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?????

????????

???????

?????????

??????

?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ??? 4,423,147 ???????? ?"? (1,707,787 ???????? ????). ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? , 4,810.45 ????? (15,782 ???) ?????? ?? ???? . ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?????? , 7 ? (23 ???) ??????? ?? ????. ?? ????????, ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???? ??? ???? 65,993 ?"? (41,006 ????).

?? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????75%???? ??????? ?????. ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ???????, ???? ??? ? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? .

??????? ?????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

??? ??? ?????? ??????? ? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ???????

???? ??? 1?? ???? 2013 ??????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? 28 ??????? ??????, ?? ?????????? ??? 4,423,147 ?"?² ??? ???? 510,000,000 ???????????? . ???? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????, ??? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????????, ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????????????.

????????

???????????? 1973

???????????? 1981

?????????

??????? 1985

???????? *

???????????? 1986

???????????? 1990

???? ????????? **

???????????? 1995

???????????? 2004

???????????? 2007

???????????? 2013

???????

* ???????? ??? ???????????? ??? ???? ??? ???????, ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ? ??? ??????????, ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????.
** ???? ????????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? 1990, ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????????? ???? ? ??????? ????? ?????????? ???????.
*** ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ? ???? ??? ?????? (??? ??? ?????) ???? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ????.

??? ?? ????? ? ???????, ???? ? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ???????? , ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? 1993 ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????? . ?? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?????, ? ???? ???????? , ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????????????, ???? ?????? ?????. ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????, ???? ???????? (?? ???????????? ???????? ??? ???????) ??? ???????????? ??? 1985. ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ???????? ???? ???? ? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????.

?? ???? ?????? ??????? , ??????? , ?????? ??? ???????????? , ?????????? , ????????? , ?????? ??? ?????? ????? "???????? ??????", ?"? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????????.

??????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

??? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????????: ??? ??????????? ????????? , ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? , ?? ??????????? ??????? , ??? ??????????? ??? , ??? ??????????? ??????????? , ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????????? ????????? ???? .

???????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ????, ????, ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????, ???????? ???? ?????????, ???? ? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????. ??? ? ????? ??? ?? ???? ? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? .

????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

??? 2007, ???? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???? 20% ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????.

?????????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

?? ???? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? 2013 ??? ?????? ?? 505,665,739.

????? ?????? ??????? ??? 16 ???? ??? ? ??????????? ????? ??? ? ??????; ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? .

?????	????? ??? ?????	????	???????????
1	??????	??????????? ?????????	11,905,500
2	?????	?????????	11,532,409
3	??????	??????	5,804,829
4	??????	?????????	4,971,331
5	?????????	??????	4,440,629
6	????	?????????	4,013,368
7	????	???????	3,457,690
8	???????	?????????	3,134,620
9	?????	???????	3,076,643
10	????????	?????	2,710,397

??? 2010, ???? ????????? 47.3 ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????????. ??? ??? 9.4% ??? ??? ?????? ???"?? ???????????. ??? ??? these, 31.4 ?????? (6.3%) ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???"?? ??? 16.0 ?????? (3.2%) ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???"?? ??????? ?????. ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???"?? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? (6.4 ??????), ????????? (5.1 ??????), ??? ??????????? ????????? (4.7 ??????), ?????? (4.1 ??????), ??????? (3.2 ??????), ??? ?????? (1.4 ??????).