??????? Madrid ???? ????? ?????   ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????????|??????? ????????? ??????? ?????. 40.383333 , -3.716667 40°23′00″ ???. ?. 3°43′00″ ????. ?. ? / ? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? IX ???????? ??????? 605,77 ??² ??????? ???????? 667 ? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???????? 3 165 541 ???? ( 2016 ) ???????? 8653,5 ????/??² ??????????? 5 225,14 ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????, ??????????? ?????? ??????? UTC+1 , ??????? UTC+2 ???. ???? +34 91 ?????? ??????? 28001-28080 ?????????? ???-?????? www.madrid.es ??????? ??????? ????????????

??????? ( ???????? Madrid) ? ????????? ????????, ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ???????????, ????????? ?? ?????????? ??????.

????? ??????? 3,3 ??????? ?????? ^[1] ???????? ??????????? ????? ??????? 6.271 ??????? ????????. ^[2] ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????. ????? ??????? ?? 604.3 ??².

????? ??????? [ ??????????? | ???? ??????????? ]

?????????, ???? ????????? (???????? ?????? ???????) ????, ??????? ?????? ????? ?????. ???????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????? ??? ???????. ??? ???????, ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ? ???? ????? (???????? ???????? ????? ????????????? ????? ???????? ). ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ????-?????, ????? ??????? 932 ????? ????????. 1083 ?????? ???? ?????? IV -? ??????. 1561 ????? ???? ?????? II -? ?????? ????????? ???????. ??????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????. ??? ???????? ???????, ??? ?????????? ?????????. ????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? 1570-1670 ??????. XVI ????????? ??????? ????? 50 ?????? ???????? ????????, ???? V ?????????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????. 1734 ?????, ?????? V-? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????????. ???? ???? III -? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ??. ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????, ????????? ???? ????????, ?????, ??????? ?????????, ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????. ???????? ???????????? ??????? ??????. ??? ?????????, ????? ????????? ??????? ???????. 1808 ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????. ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ??? ????????. ????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? 20-21 ??????????.

1975 ?????, ??????? ????? ?????, ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? I -?.

????????? [ ??????????? | ???? ??????????? ]

??????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????, ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?????????. ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???????????. ???? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????. ???????, ????? ???? ????????, ??????? ????? ????????????? ?????????? ????????????? ??. ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ??.

?????????? [ ??????????? | ???? ??????????? ]

????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ?? 1919 ?????? ????????? ?????????????, ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????. ???????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? (415) ?? ???????? (288 ??) ????????? ?????. ??????, ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ?????.

????? ?????-????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? 4 ??????????. ????????? ?? ????? ?????? 40 ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? 20 ?????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????????.

??????????? [ ??????????? | ???? ??????????? ]

• 
  ?????????? ??????.
• 
  ???? ?? ?? ????.
• 
  ??? ??????? ??????.
• 
  ??????? ????????? ????????
• 
  ??????? ???????? ??????
• 
  ????????? ????? ????????????
• 
  ????????? ??????????? ????????
• 
  ??????? ?? ????????
• 
  ????????? ???????????? ????????
• 
  ????????? ?????.
• 
  ??????? ?? ????????
• 
  ???????? ?????
• 
  ???????? ??????
• 
  ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
• 
  ????? ????????
• 
  ????????? ???????????
• 
  ???? ???????
• 
  ???????? ????? ??????

????????? ?????????? [ ??????????? | ???? ??????????? ]

• ???? ???????
• ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???-?????
• Official Website Of Tourism in Spain: Tourism in Madrid
• ???????? ????? Archived 2018-11-15 ???-??????? Wayback Machine .
• ???????? ?????????? Archived 2014-02-19 ???-??????? Wayback Machine .
• WikiSatellite view of Madrid at WikiMapia
• OPENCities participant Archived 2011-03-02 ???-??????? Wayback Machine .
• History of Madrid ????????
• A guide to the natural history of Madrid ????????

?????? [ ??????????? | ???? ??????????? ]

1. ↑ INE.es Instituto Nacional de Estadistica (National Statistics Institute)
2. ↑ Eurostat