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???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? (?????) ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????

???? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? 2006 ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???2006, 2007? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? 2007? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????

????? ??? [ ????? ]

↑ https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/1/haniya-re-elected-as-chief-of-palestinian-group-hamas
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
* "Understanding Islamism" ??????? ??? (Date missing) ?????? merln.ndu.edu (Error: unknown archive URL) , Cris is Group Middle East/North Africa Report N°37, March 2, 2005
- "The New Hamas: Between Resistance and Participation". Middle East Report . Graham Usher, August 21, 2005
- "Hamas leader condemns Islamist charity blacklist" ? Reuters? August 23, 2007 ? ??? ??? ?????? January 28, 2009
- James Hider (October 12, 2007)? "Islamist leader hints at Hamas pull-out from Gaza" ? The Times? London ? ??? ??? ?????? January 28, 2009
- "Council on Foreign Relations" ? Council on Foreign Relations? 02 ??? 2010 ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ? ??? ??? ?????? May 27, 2010
↑
- Islamic fundamentalism in the West Bank and Gaza: Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic Jihad , by Ziy?d Ab? 'Amr, Indiana University Press, 1994, pp. 66?72
- Anti-Semitic Motifs in the Ideology of Hizballah and Hamas , Esther Webman, Project for the Study of Anti-Semitism, 1994. ISBN 978-965-222-592-4

[1] ttps://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/1/haniya-re-elected-as-chief-of-palestinian-group-hamas

[Conflict-2] ↑

[politburo-3] ↑

[WSJ-4] ↑

[crs1993-5] ↑

[islamism-6] * "Understanding Islamism" ??????? ??? (Date missing) ?????? merln.ndu.edu (Error: unknown archive URL) , Cris is Group Middle East/North Africa Report N°37, March 2, 2005
"The New Hamas: Between Resistance and Participation". Middle East Report . Graham Usher, August 21, 2005

"Hamas leader condemns Islamist charity blacklist" ? Reuters? August 23, 2007 ? ??? ??? ?????? January 28, 2009

James Hider (October 12, 2007)? "Islamist leader hints at Hamas pull-out from Gaza" ? The Times? London ? ??? ??? ?????? January 28, 2009

"Council on Foreign Relations" ? Council on Foreign Relations? 02 ??? 2010 ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ? ??? ??? ?????? May 27, 2010

[7] "The New Hamas: Between Resistance and Participation". Middle East Report . Graham Usher, August 21, 2005

[8] "Hamas leader condemns Islamist charity blacklist" ? Reuters? August 23, 2007 ? ??? ??? ?????? January 28, 2009

[9] James Hider (October 12, 2007)? "Islamist leader hints at Hamas pull-out from Gaza" ? The Times? London ? ??? ??? ?????? January 28, 2009

[10] "Council on Foreign Relations" ? Council on Foreign Relations? 02 ??? 2010 ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ? ??? ??? ?????? May 27, 2010

[fundamentalism-7] 
Islamic fundamentalism in the West Bank and Gaza: Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic Jihad , by Ziy?d Ab? 'Amr, Indiana University Press, 1994, pp. 66?72

Anti-Semitic Motifs in the Ideology of Hizballah and Hamas , Esther Webman, Project for the Study of Anti-Semitism, 1994. ISBN 978-965-222-592-4

[12] Islamic fundamentalism in the West Bank and Gaza: Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic Jihad , by Ziy?d Ab? 'Amr, Indiana University Press, 1994, pp. 66?72

[13] Anti-Semitic Motifs in the Ideology of Hizballah and Hamas , Esther Webman, Project for the Study of Anti-Semitism, 1994. ISBN 978-965-222-592-4

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]