????????????? (???????)

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???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????? ??????? $1.6\times 10^{-35}$ ???? ??? $7.4\times 10^{28}$ ????

**??????????????????????? ???????**
??????	?????	???	?????
10 ^?35		1.616 252 × 10 ^?35 ????	????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????, ???????????????????????????????? ^[1]
10 ^?24	1 ????????? (ym)	2 ????????? (2 × 10 ^?24 ????)	???????????? ???????? ??????? 1???? ??????????????? ^[2]
10 ^?21	1 ????????? (zm)	7 ????????? (7 × 10 ^?21 ????)	?????????????????????????????? ^[3]
10 ^?18	1 ????????? (am)		?????????????????? ?????? ?????????????
10 ⁻¹⁶	100 ?????????	850 ?????????	???????????? ??????
10 ^?15	1 ????????? (fm)	2.817 94 ?????????	?????????????????????? ??????? ???????????????? ^[4]
10 ^?12	1 ???????? (pm)	1 ????????	??????????????? ????????????????? ?? ??????????
10 ^?12	1 ???????? (pm)	5 ????????	???????????????????????????? ???????????
10 ^?11	10 ????????	25 ????????	????? ????? ??????? ????????
		31 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		38 ????????	????????????????? ?????
		42 ????????	????????????????? ????????
		48 ????????	????????????????? ????????
		56 ????????	????????????????? ????????
		67 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		71 ????????	????????????????? ?????
		79 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		88 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		88 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		94 ????????	????????????????? ??????
		98 ????????	????????????????? ????????
10 ^?10	100 ????????	0.1 ????????	1 ???????? (Angstrom)
		167 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		112 ????????	????????????????? ??????????
		190 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		145 ????????	????????????????? ??????????
		167 ????????	????????????????? ??????????
		112 ????????	????????????????? ????????
		265 ????????	????????????????? ?????????
		219 ????????	????????????????? ??????????
		298 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		253 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		348 ????????	????????????????? ?????????
		283 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		372 ????????	????????????????? ??????????????
		316 ????????	????????????????? ?????????????
10 ^?9	1 ???????? (nm)	2 ????????	???????????????????????????? ???????? ^[5]
10 ^?8	10 ????????	42 ????????	??????? ????????????????
		60 ????????	????????????????????????????
		90 ????????	??????? ????????????
10 ^?7	100 ????????	400 ????????	??????? ????????? (Mimivirus) ^[6]
10 ^?6	1 ????????? (um)	1.5 ?????????	??????? ???????? Y
		4 ?????????	??????? ???????? X
		7 ?????????	??????? ????????????
10 ^?5	10 ?????????	15 ?????????	??????????????? ?????????
		35 ?????????	???????????? ???????
		50 ?????????	????????????? ?????
10 ^?4	100 ?????????	0.1 ?????????	????????????? ?? ??? ??????
		100 ?????????	?????????????????????????????????????????????
		120 ?????????	??????? ???????? ???????????????
		150 ?????????	?????????? ?????? 1 ????
		200 ?????????	??????? ???????????
		350 ?????????	??????? ??????
		500 ?????????	??????? ???? ??? ????? 1 ????
		750 ?????????	??????? ????????? ( Thiomargarita namibiensis ) ??????????????????? (?.?. 2553)
10 ^?3	1 ????????? (mm)	2 ?????????	??????? ???
		5 ?????????	??????????????????? ?? ???
		5 ?????????	??????? ???????
		7 ?????????	???????????? ????????
10 ^?2	1 ????????? (cm)	10 ?????????	????????????????
		1.9 ?????????	????????????? ????? ??? ?????
		2.54 ?????????	1 ????
		3.1 ?????????	1 ????? ???????
		5 ?????????	?????????? ????????
		5.5 ?????????	?????????????
10 ^?1	1 ???????? (dm)	10 ?????????	??????? ?????
		22 ?????????	??????????????????????? ?????? ???????
		24 ?????????	??????????????????????? ?????????
		25 ?????????	????????????????? ???????? ^[7]
		29.98 ?????????	?????????? ??? ????????????? 1 ???? ??????
		30 ?????????	???????????????????
		30.48 ?????????	1 ???
		91 ?????????	1 ???
10 ⁰	1 ???? (m)	1.7 ???? (5 ??? 7 ????)	?????????????????????????
		2.44 ????	?????????????????????
		2.45 ????	???????????????????????????????????????????????? (Javier Sotomayor)
		2.72 ????	???????????????????????????????????? (Robert Wadlow) ^[8]
		3.048 ???? (10 ???)	?????????????? ????????? ??????????
		5.5 ????	?????????? ????? (??????????????????????)
		8.95 ????	???????????????????????????????????????????????? (Mike Powell)
10 ¹	1 ???????? (dam)	33 ????	???????????????????????????????????? ???????????? (?????????????????????????????) ^[9]
		49 ???? (53 1/3 ???)	???????????????? ??????????????
		52 ????	?????????? ?????????????
		55 ????	?????????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????
		65 ????	???????????????????? ????? 747
		70 ????	???????????? ?????????? ???????
		93.47 ????	???????????????????? ??????????? ?????
10 ²	1 ????????? (hm)	105 ????	???????????????????????????
		109.73 ???? (120 ???)	????????????????????? ??????????????
		115.55 ????	?????????????????????????????????
		137 ???? (147 ????)	?????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? (????)
		139.5 ????	??? ??????????????? ??????????????????????? ????????? Kingda Ka ????? ^[10]
		270 ????	?????????? ???????????
		299.792 ????	????????????????????????????? 1 ???????????
		320 ????	?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????
		340 ????	??????????????????????????????? 1 ??????
		828 ????	????????????? ???????????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ???? ???????????? ???????????????????????
		979 ????	?????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????????????????
10 ³	1 ???????? (km)	1,609 ????	1 ????
		2,565 ????	???????????????????????????? ???????????
		4,000 ????	?????????? ????????????? ?????????????
		8,848 ????	?????????? ?????????? ????? ???????????????????????
10 ⁴	10 ????????	10.2 ????????	?????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????
		10.911 ????????	?????????? ????????????????????
		10.96 ????????	????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????????
		11 ????????	??????? ?????????????
		13 ????????	???????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????
		24 ????????	??????? ??????????
		25 ????????	?????????? ??????????????? ?? ????????? ???????????????????????????????? ??????????
		42 ????????	??????????????????????????????????????? (Alan Eustace) ^[11]
		42.195 ????????	????????????????? ???????
		53.5 ????????	?????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????????? ^[12]
		75 ????????	??????? ????????????? ????????????????????????
		77.1 ????????	?????????? ??????????
		90 ????????	???????????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???????
10 ⁵	100 ????????	120 ????????	???????????????????? ???????????
		154 ????????	?????????? ???????????
		163 ????????	?????????? ?????????
		240 ????????	???????????????????? ????????????
		300 ????????	????????????????????????????? 1 ???????????
		400 ????????	??????? ???????????????????
		450 ????????	?????????? ????????????
		765 ????????	?????????? ???????? ?????????????????????????????
		974.6 ????????	???????????????????? ?????????????? ????? ^[13]
10 ⁶	1 ???????? (Mm)	1,100 ????????	???????????????????? ????????????
		1,200 ????????	???????????????????? ???????????????
		1,200 ????????	???????????????????? ??????????
		1,700 ????????	???????????????????? ????????? ?????????????????????????
		1,800 ????????	???????????????????? ??????? ????????????????????????????
		2,285 ????????	???????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????
		2,390 ????????	???????????????????? ????????
		2,700 ????????	???????????????????? ??????
		3,480 ????????	???????????????????? ?????????
		4,200 ????????	???????????????????? ?????
		4,900 ????????	???????????????????? ??????
		6,400 ????????	????????????????? ????????????? ?????? ???
		6,600 ????????	??????????????????? ?????????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ??????????????????????????
		6,800 ????????	???????????????????? ?????????
		8,000 ????????	???????????????????? ??????????
		9,288 ????????	?????????? ????????????????-???????? ????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
10 ⁷	10,000 ????????	12,756 ????????	????????????????? ??? ???
		20,000 ????????	???????????????????? ??????? ??
		40,075 ????????	??????? ????????????? ??????
		49,200 ????????	???????????????????? ?????????
		51,750 ????????	???????????????????? ??????????
		64,000 ????????	??????????????????????? ??????????
10 ⁸	100,000 ????????	142,984 ????????	???????????????????? ???????????
		299,792.458 ????????	????????????????????????????? 1 ??????
		384,000 ????????	??????????????????????????
		930,000 ????????	????????????????????????????????????????????????? (GQ Lupi b) ^[14]
10 ⁹	1 ???????? (Gm)	1,390,000 ???????? (1.39 ????????)	???????????????????? ??????????
		2,500,000 ???????? (2.5 ????????)	??????????????????????? ??????? ??
		9,600,000 ???????? (9.6 ????????)	???????????????????? ?????????? (Spica)
10 ¹⁰	10 ???? ????????	10 ???? ????????	??????????????????????????????
		18 ???? ????????	?????????????????????????? 1 ????
		40 ???? ????????	???????????????????? ????????
10 ¹¹	100 ???? ????????	150,000,000 ????????	1 ??????????????? (??????????????????????????????????)
10 ¹²	1 ???????? (Tm)	1.4 × 10 ⁹ ????????	???????????????????????????????
10 ¹²	1 ???????? (Tm)	5.9 × 10 ⁹ ???????? (5.9 ????????)	???????????????????????????????
10 ¹³	10 ????????		?????????????????????????????? (????????) ^[15]
		15 × 10 ⁹ ???????? = 15 ????????	??????? ??????????
		15.147 × 10 ⁹ ???????? = 15.147 ????????	????????????? ??????????? 2 ????????????? (28 ?????? ?.?. 2556 )
		20 × 10 ⁹ ???????? = 20 ????????	??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????????????????
		21.49 × 10 ⁹ ???????? = 21.49 ????????	????????????? ??????????? 1 ????????????? (?????? ?.?. 2561) ????????????????????????????????????????? ^[16]
		26 × 10 ⁹ ???????? = 26 ????????	1 ??????
		55 × 10 ⁹ ???????? = 55 ????????	??????????????????????? ?????????-????? ?????????????????????????
10 ¹⁴	100 ????????	140 × 10 ⁹ ???????? = 140 ????????	????????????????????????????????????? ????? ?????????????????????????
10 ¹⁴	100 ????????	800 × 10 ⁹ ???????? = 800 ????????	??????? ??????? ???????? ^[17]
10 ¹⁵	1 ???????? (Pm)	9.46 × 10 ¹² ???????? (9.46 ????????)	1 ????? (?????????????????????????? 1 ??) ????????????? 1 ?????????????????? 17,500 ?? ????????????????????? 1 ?????
10 ¹⁶	10 ????????	3.2616 ????? (3.08568 × 10 ¹⁶ ???? = 30.8568 ????????)	1 ???????
		4.22 ????? (39.9 ????????)	???????????????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????????????? ( ?????????????????????? )
		4.37 ????? (41.3 ????????)	??????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? (??? ??????????????? ???? ) ??????????????????????????? ?.?. 2556
		10.4 ????? (98.4 ????????)	???????????????????????????? (??? ???????? ?????? ?? )
10 ¹⁷	100 ????????	20.4 ????? (193 ????????)	????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ( ?????? 581 ?? ) ??????????????????????????? ?.?. 2553
10 ¹⁷	100 ????????	65 ????? (615 ????????)	????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????
10 ¹⁸	1 ????????? (Em)	200 ????? = 2 ?????????, 2 × 10 ¹⁸ ????????	??????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????? (HIP 56948) ^[18]
10 ¹⁸	1 ????????? (Em)	600 ????? = 6 ?????????, 6 × 10 ¹⁸ ????????	??????????????????????????? ( ???????????????? )
10 ¹⁹	10 ?????????	1,000 ????? = 9.46 ?????????, 9.46 × 10 ¹⁵ ????????	?????????? ???????????????????? ?????????
10 ²⁰	100 ?????????	12,000 ????? = 113.5 ????????? ???? 1.135 × 10 ²⁰ ????????	???????????????????????????????????????????? ^[19]
10 ²¹	1 ????????? (Zm)	100,000 ?????	????????????????????????????????????????
		52 ??????????? = 1.6 × 10 ²¹ ???? = 1.6 ?????????	?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????
		54 ??????????? = 1.66 ?????????	?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????
10 ²²	10 ?????????	22.3 ????????? = 2.36 ????????? = 725 ???????????	?????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????
		50 ????????? (1.6 ???????????)	???????????????????? ????????????? (Local Group)
		52.02 ????????? (5.5 ?????????)	???????????????????? ???? 1101 (IC 1101) ?????????????????????????????????????????? ^[20]
10 ²³	100 ?????????	300?600 ????????? = 10?20 ???????????	???????????????????? ??????????????????????????? (Virgo Cluster)
10 ²⁴	1 ????????? (Ym)	200 ????????? = 1.9 ????????? = 61 ???????????	???????????????????? ????????????????????????????? (Local Supercluster)
		300 ????????? = 2.8 ????????? = 100 ???????????	????????????????????????????????????????????? (End of Greatness) ^[21]
		550 ????????? = ~5 ????????? = ~170 ???????????	???????????????????? ???????????????????????????? (Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster) ^[22]
		1 ???????????? = 9.46 ????????? = 306 ???????????	???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????-????? (Pisces?Cetus Supercluster Complex) ^[23]
10 ²⁵	10 ?????????	1.37 ???????????? = 13 ?????????	???????????????????? ????????????? ^[24]
10 ²⁶	100 ?????????	92 × 10 ⁹ ????? = 9.2 × 10 ²⁶ ???? = 920 ?????????	???????????????????? ????????????????? (Observable Universe) ^[15]
10 ²⁷	1,000 ?????????	2 ???????????? = 2.4 × 10 ²⁷ ???? = 2,400 ?????????	?????????????????????????????????????????????? 3 ?????? ^[25]
10 ²⁸	10,000 ?????????	7.8 ????????????? = 7.4 × 10 ²⁸ ???? = 74,000 ?????????	???????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ^[26]

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ "Planck length" . NIST . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 22 November 2018 . ??????????? 7 January 2019 .
↑ Carl R. Nave. "Cowan and Reines Neutrino Experiment" . Hyperphysics . ??????????? 2008-12-04 . (6.3 × 10 ^?44 cm ², which gives an effective radius of about 2 × 10 ^?24 m)
↑ Carl R. Nave. "Neutron Absorption Cross-sections" . Hyperphysics . ??????????? 2008-12-04 . (area for 20 GeV about 10 × 10 ^?42 m ² gives effective radius of about 2 × 10 ^?21 m; for 250 GeV about 150 × 10 ^?42 m ² gives effective radius of about 7 × 10 ^?21 m)
↑ "CODATA Value: classical electron radius" . The NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty . NIST .
↑ Stewart, Robert. "Dr" . Radiobiology Software . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2010-06-30 . ??????????? 2015-05-20 .
↑ Klose T.; Kuznetsov Y. G.; ?????? (2010). "The three-dimensional structure of Mimivirus" . Intervirology . 53 (5): 268?273. doi : 10.1159/000312911 . PMID 20551678 .
↑ Bertrand Russell (1952). "Is There a God?" . Illustrated Magazine. ???? ????????????????? 2013-07-10 . ??????????? 2019-12-03 .
↑ "Robert Wadlow: Tallest man ever" . Guinness World Records .
↑ "Animal Records" . Smithsonian National Zoological Park. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 23 August 2004.
↑ Marden, Duane (25 May 2012). "Kingda Ka (Six Flags Great Adventure)" . Roller Coaster DataBase .
↑ Markoff, John (24 October 2014). "Parachutist's Record-Breaking Fall: 26 Miles, 15 Minutes" . The New York Times . ??????????? October 24, 2014 .
↑ ????? ??????? (?????? 2557). "?????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????????-????". ????????? ????????????????????? . ?????, ???. pp. 104?106. ISBN 9789740213420 .
↑ Thomas PC, Parker JW, McFadden LA, Russell CT, Stern SA, Sykes MV, Young EF (September 2005). "Differentiation of the asteroid Ceres as revealed by its shape". Nature . 437 (7056): 224?6. Bibcode : 2005Natur.437..224T . doi : 10.1038/nature03938 . PMID 16148926 .
↑ Ralph Neuhauser; Markus Mugrauer; ?????? (2008). "Astrometric and photometric monitoring of GQ Lupi and its sub-stellar companion". Astronomy and Astrophysics . 484 (1): 281?291. Bibcode : 2008A&A...484..281N . doi : 10.1051/0004-6361:20078493 .
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 Cliff Burgess; Fernando Quevedo (November 2007). "The Great Cosmic Roller-Coaster Ride" . Scientific American . p. 55 . ??????????? 2017-05-01 .
↑ "Spacecraft escaping the Solar System" . Heavens Above . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 7 October 2018 . ??????????? 19 October 2018 .
↑ Bobrowsky, Matthew (1994). "Narrowband HST Imagery of the Young Planetary Nebula Henize 1357". The Astrophysical Journal . 426 : L47?L50. Bibcode : 1994ApJ...426L..47B . doi : 10.1086/187336 .
↑ Shiga, David. "Sun's 'twin' an ideal hunting ground for alien life" . New Scientist . ??????????? 2007-10-03 .
↑ "Milky Way fatter than first thought" . The Sydney Morning Herald . Australian Associated Press . 20 February 2008. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 28 April 2008 . ??????????? 2008-11-14 .
↑ Uson, Juan M.; Boughn, Stephen P.; Kuhn, Jeffrey R. (March 1991). "Diffuse light in dense clusters of galaxies. I. R -band observations of Abell 2029" . The Astrophysical Journal . 369 : 46?53. Bibcode : 1991ApJ...369...46U . doi : 10.1086/169737 .
↑ Robert P Kirshner (2002). The Extravagant Universe: Exploding Stars, Dark Energy and the Accelerating Cosmos . Princeton University Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-691-05862-7 .
↑ Richard Powell, ?.?. (30 July 2006). "The Horologium Supercluster" .
↑ Tully, R. Brent (1987-12-01). "More about clustering on a scale of 0.1 C". The Astrophysical Journal . 323 : 1?18. Bibcode : 1987ApJ...323....1T . doi : 10.1086/165803 .
↑ J. R. Gott III et al. , Astrophys. J. , 624 , 463 (2005). Figure 8 - "Logarithmic Maps of the Universe" - is available as a poster from the homepage of Mario Juric. ???????? 2009-01-24 ??? ??????????????
↑ Scott, Douglas; Zibin, J.P. (2006). "How Many Universes Do There Need To Be?". International Journal of Modern Physics D . 15 (12): 2229?2233. arXiv : astro-ph/0605709v2 . Bibcode : 2006IJMPD..15.2229S . doi : 10.1142/S0218271806009662 .
↑ Thiago S. Pereira; Luis Gustavo T. Silva (3 April 2013). "Inflationary Super-Hubble Waves and the Size of the Universe" . 1. arXiv : 1304.1181v1 .

??????????????? [ ??? ]

How Big Are Things? displays orders of magnitude in successively larger rooms
"Powers of Ten" . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2 July 2012. Travel across the Universe. Altering perspective by changing scale by just a few powers of ten (interactive)
"Secret Worlds: The Universe Within" . Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University. 14 February 2017.
Scale of the universe - interactive guide to length magnitudes

?????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

[1] "Planck length" . NIST . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 22 November 2018 . ??????????? 7 January 2019 .

[2] Carl R. Nave. "Cowan and Reines Neutrino Experiment" . Hyperphysics . ??????????? 2008-12-04 . (6.3 × 10 ^?44 cm ², which gives an effective radius of about 2 × 10 ^?24 m)

[NaveN3-3] Carl R. Nave. "Neutron Absorption Cross-sections" . Hyperphysics . ??????????? 2008-12-04 . (area for 20 GeV about 10 × 10 ^?42 m ² gives effective radius of about 2 × 10 ^?21 m; for 250 GeV about 150 × 10 ^?42 m ² gives effective radius of about 7 × 10 ^?21 m)

[4] "CODATA Value: classical electron radius" . The NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty . NIST .

[5] Stewart, Robert. "Dr" . Radiobiology Software . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2010-06-30 . ??????????? 2015-05-20 .

[Klose-6] Klose T.; Kuznetsov Y. G.; ?????? (2010). "The three-dimensional structure of Mimivirus" . Intervirology . 53 (5): 268?273. doi : 10.1159/000312911 . PMID 20551678 .

[7] Bertrand Russell (1952). "Is There a God?" . Illustrated Magazine. ???? ????????????????? 2013-07-10 . ??????????? 2019-12-03 .

[Guinness-8] "Robert Wadlow: Tallest man ever" . Guinness World Records .

[9] "Animal Records" . Smithsonian National Zoological Park. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 23 August 2004.

[10] Marden, Duane (25 May 2012). "Kingda Ka (Six Flags Great Adventure)" . Roller Coaster DataBase .

[NYT-20141024-JM-11] Markoff, John (24 October 2014). "Parachutist's Record-Breaking Fall: 26 Miles, 15 Minutes" . The New York Times . ??????????? October 24, 2014 .

[12] ????? ??????? (?????? 2557). "?????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????????-????". ????????? ????????????????????? . ?????, ???. pp. 104?106. ISBN 9789740213420 .

[ReferenceB-13] Thomas PC, Parker JW, McFadden LA, Russell CT, Stern SA, Sykes MV, Young EF (September 2005). "Differentiation of the asteroid Ceres as revealed by its shape". Nature . 437 (7056): 224?6. Bibcode : 2005Natur.437..224T . doi : 10.1038/nature03938 . PMID 16148926 .

[n08-14] Ralph Neuhauser; Markus Mugrauer; ?????? (2008). "Astrometric and photometric monitoring of GQ Lupi and its sub-stellar companion". Astronomy and Astrophysics . 484 (1): 281?291. Bibcode : 2008A&A...484..281N . doi : 10.1051/0004-6361:20078493 .

[Burgess_and_Quevedo-15] 15.0 ^15.1 Cliff Burgess; Fernando Quevedo (November 2007). "The Great Cosmic Roller-Coaster Ride" . Scientific American . p. 55 . ??????????? 2017-05-01 .

[16] "Spacecraft escaping the Solar System" . Heavens Above . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 7 October 2018 . ??????????? 19 October 2018 .

[17] Bobrowsky, Matthew (1994). "Narrowband HST Imagery of the Young Planetary Nebula Henize 1357". The Astrophysical Journal . 426 : L47?L50. Bibcode : 1994ApJ...426L..47B . doi : 10.1086/187336 .

[18] Shiga, David. "Sun's 'twin' an ideal hunting ground for alien life" . New Scientist . ??????????? 2007-10-03 .

[19] "Milky Way fatter than first thought" . The Sydney Morning Herald . Australian Associated Press . 20 February 2008. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 28 April 2008 . ??????????? 2008-11-14 .

[Uson1991-20] Uson, Juan M.; Boughn, Stephen P.; Kuhn, Jeffrey R. (March 1991). "Diffuse light in dense clusters of galaxies. I. R -band observations of Abell 2029" . The Astrophysical Journal . 369 : 46?53. Bibcode : 1991ApJ...369...46U . doi : 10.1086/169737 .

[Kirshner-21] Robert P Kirshner (2002). The Extravagant Universe: Exploding Stars, Dark Energy and the Accelerating Cosmos . Princeton University Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-691-05862-7 .

[22] Richard Powell, ?.?. (30 July 2006). "The Horologium Supercluster" .

[tully87-23] Tully, R. Brent (1987-12-01). "More about clustering on a scale of 0.1 C". The Astrophysical Journal . 323 : 1?18. Bibcode : 1987ApJ...323....1T . doi : 10.1086/165803 .

[24] J. R. Gott III et al. , Astrophys. J. , 624 , 463 (2005). Figure 8 - "Logarithmic Maps of the Universe" - is available as a poster from the homepage of Mario Juric. ???????? 2009-01-24 ??? ??????????????

[25] Scott, Douglas; Zibin, J.P. (2006). "How Many Universes Do There Need To Be?". International Journal of Modern Physics D . 15 (12): 2229?2233. arXiv : astro-ph/0605709v2 . Bibcode : 2006IJMPD..15.2229S . doi : 10.1142/S0218271806009662 .

[26] Thiago S. Pereira; Luis Gustavo T. Silva (3 April 2013). "Inflationary Super-Hubble Waves and the Size of the Universe" . 1. arXiv : 1304.1181v1 .

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