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???????????????????????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ??? ??????????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ^[1] ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????? (Speculative Fiction - ????????? SF ??????????????????? Science Fiction) ???????????????????????????? ? ?????? ???????????????????????? ??? ??????????????

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??????????????????????????????? [ ??? ]

??????????????????????????????? (Hard Science Fiction) ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ? ???????????????????????????????? ???. ??. ????? , ^[2] ???????? ??. ???????? , ????????? ??. ?????? ??????? ?????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ^[3] ?????????? ??????????? (Futurology) ?????????????????????????????????????? ? ????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????????????

????????????????????????????????? [ ??? ]

????????????????????????????????? (Soft Science Fiction) ???????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ???? ? ????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? “??????????” ???????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????? ??????? Stainless Steel Rat ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? (???????????????????? ????????????????). ???????? ???????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??? ?????????????????????????????????

????????????????????????????????? [ ??? ]

????????????????????????????????? (Science Fantasy) ???? “?????????” ????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????????? (????? ?????) ?????????????????????????????? ?

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↑ von Thorn, Alexander (August 2002). Aurora Award acceptance speech (Speech). Calgary, Alberta.
↑ James Blish, More Issues at Hand , Advent: Publishers, 1970. Pg. 99. Also in Jesse Sheidlower, "Dictionary citations for the term ≪hard science fiction≫". Jessesword.com. ??????????? 6 ??????? 2008. ISBN 9780911682106 .
↑ Heinlein, Robert A.; Cyril Kornbluth; Alfred Bester; Robert Bloch (1959). "Science Fiction: Its Nature, Faults and Virtues". The Science Fiction Novel: Imagination and Social Criticism . University of Chicago: Advent Publishers. ISBN 9780911682021 .

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ISFDB ????????????????????????????????????? ????????

[fandom_def-1] von Thorn, Alexander (August 2002). Aurora Award acceptance speech (Speech). Calgary, Alberta.

[2] James Blish, More Issues at Hand , Advent: Publishers, 1970. Pg. 99. Also in Jesse Sheidlower, "Dictionary citations for the term ≪hard science fiction≫". Jessesword.com. ??????????? 6 ??????? 2008. ISBN 9780911682106 .

[heinlein_def-3] Heinlein, Robert A.; Cyril Kornbluth; Alfred Bester; Robert Bloch (1959). "Science Fiction: Its Nature, Faults and Virtues". The Science Fiction Novel: Imagination and Social Criticism . University of Chicago: Advent Publishers. ISBN 9780911682021 .

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