??????????? ???? ??????? ( ?????? : comics ) ???? ????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????? ??????

1. ??????????????? (political cartoons)
2. ???????????? (gag cartoons)
3. ???????????????? (comics or serial cartoons)
4. ??????????????????? (illustrated cartoons)
5. ??????????????? (animated cartoons)

????????? ?????????????? [ ??? ]

??????? ??????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????????? ????????????????? ? ??? ??????????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????????????????????????? ?????????? , ????????-???, ?????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? comics strips ??????????????????????????????????? 2 ???? ??? ????????? ???????????? ????????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? , ??????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????? ???? ?? ???????????????????????? ???? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ??????????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? (hyperkinetic) ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

??????? [ ??? ]

• ?????
• ??????????????

???????????????? [ ??? ]

• David Carrier , The Aesthetics of Comics , Penn State Press, 2002 ISBN 0-271-02188-8
• Will Eisner Comics and Sequential Art Poorhouse Press 1985 ISBN 0-9614728-0-4
• Will Eisner Graphic Storytelling Poorhouse Press 1995 ISBN 0-9614728-3-9
• Gary Groth & R. Fiore The New Comics Berkley Books 1988 ISBN 0-425-11366-3
• Maurice Horn ed. The World Encyclopedia of Comics Avon 1977 ISBN 0-87754-323-2
• Scott McCloud Understanding Comics - the Invisible Art HarperCollins 1994 ISBN 0-613-02782-5
• Roger Sabin Comics, Comix and Graphic Novels: a History of Comic Art Phaidon 1996 ISBN 0-7148-3993-0
• Coulton Waugh The Comics The Macmillan Company 1947 ISBN 0-87805-499-5
• Richard O'Brien The Golden Age of Comics , Ballantine Books, 1977. ISBN 0-345-25535-6

??????????????? [ ??? ]

????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????

?????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????

• ??????????? ??????????? Curlie
• Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum ???????? 2007-07-10 ??? ??????????????
• Michigan State University Comic Art Collection ???????? 2009-05-03 ??? ??????????????
• Comic Art Collection ???????? 2011-07-19 ??? ?????????????? at the University of Missouri
• Comic Book Database ???????? 2019-12-17 ??? ??????????????
• Grand Comics Database
• Comics Archives and Editorial Cartoons
• Cartoon Art Museum of San Francisco
• Time Archives' Collection of Comics ???????? 2012-12-16 ??? archive.today
• Historieta y Animacion ???????? 2011-11-15 ??? ??????????????
• Download Comics for Free
• "Comics in the National Art Library" . Prints & Books . Victoria and Albert Museum . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2009-11-04 . ??????????? 2011-03-15 .

?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

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