?????????

???????? ???????? ( ?????? : Nuclear weapons tests ), ???????????? ???????????????, ??????? ????????, ? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????????. ???? ?????????, ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ???????? ?????, ????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????.

???????? ????????? ??????? 1945 ???? 16 ? "???????? ????" ??? ???, ??????????. ???? ??? 20 ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????????. ??????? ?? 1952 ?????? 1 ? ??????? ??????? '?????????' ???? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ???????????????. ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? , 1961 ???????? 30 ? '?????? ????????' ???? ???????????????. ???? ????? ????? 50 ???????????.

?????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????, ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ? ????????? ????????????. ???? ??????? ? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ? ????????????? ???????????????. ? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? 29? ???????????????? ?????????????????. ^[1]

?????????? ????? [ ?????? ]

???????????? ??????????? ? ?????? ?????????????????.: ???????, ??????????,, ?????? ????????.

??????? ???????? ??????????? ????????. ?????? ??????????? ???? (??????? ??????) ????????????.
?????????? ????????, ???? ???? ????????. ????????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ????????????? ???????????? ??????????????. ? ??????? ???, ????????????? ????, ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ?????????????????.
?????? ????????, ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????. ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? (?????????) ??????????. ^[2] 1974 ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????.

?????? [ ?????? ]

?????? ?????????? ????????? ???? 16 , 1945 ? ??????? ??????????. ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????. ?????? "????????" ??? ???? ????????. ???????????? ???? "?????????" ????????? ?????????. ? ??????? ???????, ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????.

????? ?????? ??????????? [ ?????? ]

??? ????? ?? ??????, ?????????? 2,000 ??????????? ???????. ? ?????????????, ????????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??????????.

??????? : ??????????? 1,054 ???????? ????????. (????? 1,151 ???????????, 331 ??????? ????????), ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????, ??????? ???????, ???????, ???????, ????????, ???? ???????? ????. (??????????? [1] )
??????? ??????? : 715 ???????? (969 ???????????) ???????????. [2] , ???? ?????, ???????????????, ????? ???????? ????, ???????? ????? , ????????? , ?????????????????, ????????? ???.
???????? : 210 ??????????? ????????. (50 ???????, 160 ?????? [3] ), 4 ???? ??????? ???????? ??.?.???.???. '????????' ????, 13 ?????? ???????? ??.?.???.?. ??? ???????, ?????? ?????????? ?????,, ??????? ??????????, ??????, ??????? ????.
???????? ????????? : 45 ???????? (21 ???????? ??????????? ????????,, ????? ??????? ??.
???? : 45 ???????? (23 ???????,, 22 ??????, ????????? ????, ?????,, ?????????? ????.
???????? : 6 ?????? ???????? (1974 ?? ???????), ???????? ????.
?????????? : 6 ?????? ????????, ????-???? ??????, ????? ??????, ???? ????? , ???? ??????, ??????????? ???????? ??.
????? ?????? : ????? ?????? 2006 ??????? ????.

??? ?????? [ ?????? ]

?????? [ ?????? ]

↑ "International Day against Nuclear Tests" . United Nations . Retrieved 2020-08-29 .
↑ For an overview of the preparations and considerations used in underground nuclear testing, see " "Underground Nuclear Weapons Testing" (Globalsecurity.org)" . Retrieved 2006-10-19 . For a longer and more technical discussion, see U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment (October 1989). The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions (PDF) . Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-02-27 . Retrieved 2008-05-20 .

??????? ?????? [ ?????? ]

Gusterson, Hugh. Nuclear Rites: A Weapons Laboratory at the End of the Cold War. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1996.
Hacker, Barton C. Elements of Controversy: The Atomic Energy Commission and Radiation Safety in Nuclear Weapons Testing, 1947-1974. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1994.
Schwartz, Stephen I. Atomic Audit: The Costs and Consequences of U.S. Nuclear Weapons. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1998.
Weart, Spencer R. Nuclear Fear: A History of Images. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985.

Video archive of US, Soviet, UK, Chines and French Nuclear Testing Archived 2012-12-05 at Archive.today at sonicbomb.com
Maps of sites tested
"We're all Downwinders Now"
Atomic Veterans History Project (United States)
Australian government database of nuclear explosions and tests Australian
Australian Nuclear Fallout Strontium 90 survey 1957-58 Child bones Australian
Australia's program of testing for Strontium 90, between 1957 and 1978, samples of childrens bones taken at autopsy Australian
The Bombing of the Monte Bello Islands Western Australia
Silent Storm - Film about CSIRO scientist Hedley Marston's top-secret fallout experiments ^{[
permanent dead link
]}Australian
Ionising Radiation and Health Australian
Oklahoma Geological Survey Nuclear Explosion Catalog lists 2,199 explosions by date, country, location, yield etc.
Table of Known Nuclear Tests Worldwide, from NRDC
Gallery of U.S. nuclear tests (with detailed descriptions of each test series)
Gallery and short descriptions of UK nuclear tests
Account of fallout from Nevada Test Site in 1955 (PDF)
Soviet Nuclear Test Summary
Marshall Islands Nuclear Claims Tribunal
Nuclear Testing Archived 2016-08-15 at the Wayback Machine at Nuclear Files.org
Film footage of nuclear artillery test ^{[
permanent dead link
]}
What About Radiation on Bikini Atoll?
Western States Legal Foundation
The Nuclear Weapon Archive
United Nations Leadup to Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 22nd September 1995 General Conference

[UN-1] "International Day against Nuclear Tests" . United Nations . Retrieved 2020-08-29 .

[2] For an overview of the preparations and considerations used in underground nuclear testing, see " "Underground Nuclear Weapons Testing" (Globalsecurity.org)" . Retrieved 2006-10-19 . For a longer and more technical discussion, see U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment (October 1989). The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions (PDF) . Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-02-27 . Retrieved 2008-05-20 .

[1]

[2]