?????? ???????????

?????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? (Boris Leonidovich Pasternak, ( ???? ???? : Борис Леонидович Пастернак) ( ???????? 10 1890 - ?? 30 , 1960 ) ?????? ????????, ????? ????????????????. 1958 ??? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????????? ????????. ?????????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ???? ????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????????????. ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????????. ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? 1957??? ????????????????????. ???? ?????? ????????????? 1958??? ??????????.

?????????? ???????? [ ???? ]

?????????? 1890 ??? ????????? ???????????. ????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????. ?????? ???? ???????? ????????? , ?????? ????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????. ??????? 1910 ??? ??????? ????????????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ?????????.

??????????? [ ???? ]

*????????????* ???? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ??????

1914??? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????. ?? ??????? ????????? ????????????. The twins I the clouds (1914), Over the Barriers ( 1917 ), My sister Life (1917) ??????? ?????????????????.

??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? (Sergei Esenin), ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????????.

"??????? ?????????" ( The last summer ) ???? ????? ?????????. ????? ???????? Safe conduct ??????? ??????? 1931??? ??????????.

????????????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ??????????????? ???????.

??????? ????? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????? ????????????????. ???????????? ???? 1948??? ???? ????????????, ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? 10 ???? ????? ????????.

????? ????? [ ???? ]

1958??? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????????? ????? ????? ????????????????. ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????????????. ???????? 1988????? ????????? ???????????????. 1903?? ????? ??????? ??????????????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????????????. ?????????? ??????? 1965??? ??????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??????????????.

????? [ ???? ]

??????????? 30 ?? 1960 ??? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????.

????????? [ ???? ]

????? ??????, ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???? , ???????? , 11-3-2007

???? ?????????? [ ???? ]

1958 ????? ????? ? (?????? ????????)
??????????? ?????? ????????????? 2016-06-05 at the ??????? ????????? ? (?????? ????????)

?? ? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ???????????
1901?1925	????? ???????? (1901) • Theodor Mommsen (1902) • Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson (1903) • Frederic Mistral / Jose Echegaray (1904) • Henryk Sienkiewicz (1905) • Giosue Carducci (1906) • ?????????? ???????? (1907) • Rudolf Eucken (1908) • ?????? ????????? (1909) • Paul Heyse (1910) • Maurice Maeterlinck (1911) • Gerhart Hauptmann (1912) • ????????????? ?????? (1913) • ?????? ??????? (1915) • Verner von Heidenstam (1916) • Karl Gjellerup / Henrik Pontoppidan (1917) • Carl Spitteler (1919) • Knut Hamsun (1920) • Anatole France (1921) • Jacinto Benavente (1922) • ???????. ??. ?????? (1923) • Władysław Reymont (1924) • ?????? ???????? ?? (1925)
1926?1950	Grazia Deledda (1926) • ????? ????????? (1927) • Sigrid Undset (1928) • ????? ???? (1929) • ???????? ?????? (1930) • Erik Axel Karlfeldt (1931) • ???? ????????? (1932) • ???? ?????? (1933) • Luigi Pirandello (1934) • Eugene O'Neill (1936) • Roger Martin du Gard (1937) • ?????? ??? (1938) • Frans Eemil Sillanpaa (1939) • ???????? (1944) • ?????????? ?????????? (1945) • ??????? ???? (1946) • Andre Gide (1947) • ??. ???. ?????? (1948) • ????????? ????????? (1949) • ??????????? ???? (1950)
1951?1975	Par Lagerkvist (1951) • Francois Mauriac (1952) • ????????? ????????? (1953) • ????????? ???????? (1954) • ???????? ????????????? (1955) • ???? ????? ???????? (1956) • ????????? ?????? (1957) • ?????? ??????????? (1958) • Salvatore Quasimodo (1959) • Saint-John Perse (1960) • Ivo Andri? (1961) • ???? ?????????? (1962) • Giorgos Seferis (1963) • ????? ????? ??????? (???????????? ???????????????) (1964) • ??????? ?????? (1965) • Shmuel Yosef Agnon / ?????? ?????? (1966) • Miguel Angel Asturias (1967) • ??????? ??????? (1968) • Samuel Beckett (1969) • ???????????? ?????????????? (1970) • ?????? ?????? (1971) • Heinrich Boll (1972) • Patrick White (1973) • Eyvind Johnson / ??? ????????????? (1974) • ????????? ???????? (1975)
1976?2000	???? ?????? (1976) • Vicente Aleixandre (1977) • ???? ??????? ??????? (1978) • Odysseas Elytis (1979) • ?????? ?????? (1980) • Elias Canetti (1981) • ????????? ???????? ?????????? (1982) • ????????? ???????? (1983) • Jaroslav Seifert (1984) • ?????? ?????? (1985) • ???? ???????? (1986) • ????? ?????????? (1987) • ????? ???????? (1988) • Camilo Jose Cela (1989) • ????????? ???? (1990) • ?????? ????????? (1991) • ?????? ???????? (1992) • ???? ??????? (1993) • Kenzabur? ?e (1994) • Seamus Heaney (1995) • ??????? ???????????? (1996) • Dario Fo (1997) • ???? ?????? (1998) • ??????? ?????? (1999) • Gao Xingjian (2000)
2001?????????	??. ??. ???????? (2001) Imre Kertesz (2002) ??. ???. ?????? (2003) ?????????? ??????? (2004) ??????? ??????? (2005) ????? ?????? (2006) ?????? ?????? (2007) ??. ???. ??. ?? ???????? (2008) ??????? ??????? (2009) ?????? ?????????? ???? (2010) ????? ??????????????? (2011) ?? ???? (2012) ????? ????? (2013) ??????????? ???????? (2014) ?????????? ????????????? (2015) ???? ?????? (2016) ????? ??????? (2017) ????? ????????????? (2018) ??????? ????????? (2019) ??????? ???????? (2020) ???????????? ?????? (2021)