??????

??????
?????? ?????? Karbal?’ al-Muqaddasah
????	?????
???????	??????
?????????? (2011)
? ???????	10,66,600

?????? ( Karbala , ???? ???? : ?????? ‎; Karbal?’ ; also referred to as Karbal?' al-Muqaddasah ) ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????. ??? ????????????? ??????? 100 km (62 mi) ???????? ??????????? ????????????. ?????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????. 2003 ??? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? 572,300 ?????.

???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????????????. ????? , ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????????????? ????????? ???? ????????????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????????. ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????????. ?????? ????????????? ????? ????? ????????????. ^[2] ??????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ????????. ^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

??????????? [ ???? ]

↑ http://www.citypopulation.de/Iraq.html
↑ "Karbala and Najaf: Shia holy cities" . BBC News . April 20, 2003 . http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2881835.stm .
↑ Malise Ruthven (2006). Islam in the World . Oxford University Press. p. 180 . ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9780195305036 . ????????????? ???? 5 November 2014 .
↑ David Seddon (11 Jan 2013). Political and Economic Dictionary of the Middle East . Karbala (Kerbala): Routledge. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9781135355616 . {{ cite book }}: |access-date= requires |url= ( help )
↑ John Azumah; Dr. Kwame Bediako (Contributor) (26 May 2009). My Neighbour's Faith: Islam Explained for African Christians . Main Divisions and Movements Within Islam: Zondervan. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9780310574620 . {{ cite book }}: |access-date= requires |url= ( help ) ; |author2= has generic name ( help )
↑ Paul Grieve (2006). A Brief Guide to Islam: History, Faith and Politics : the Complete Introduction . Carroll and Graf Publishers. p. 212 . ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9780786718047 . ????????????? ???? 5 November 2014 .

[1] ttp://www.citypopulation.de/Iraq.html

[2] "Karbala and Najaf: Shia holy cities" . BBC News . April 20, 2003 . http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2881835.stm .

[3] Malise Ruthven (2006). Islam in the World . Oxford University Press. p. 180 . ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9780195305036 . ????????????? ???? 5 November 2014 .

[4] David Seddon (11 Jan 2013). Political and Economic Dictionary of the Middle East . Karbala (Kerbala): Routledge. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9781135355616 . {{ cite book }}: |access-date= requires |url= ( help )

[5] John Azumah; Dr. Kwame Bediako (Contributor) (26 May 2009). My Neighbour's Faith: Islam Explained for African Christians . Main Divisions and Movements Within Islam: Zondervan. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9780310574620 . {{ cite book }}: |access-date= requires |url= ( help ) ; |author2= has generic name ( help )

[6] Paul Grieve (2006). A Brief Guide to Islam: History, Faith and Politics : the Complete Introduction . Carroll and Graf Publishers. p. 212 . ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9780786718047 . ????????????? ???? 5 November 2014 .

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