Elimunafsia
(pia:
saikolojia
kutoka
Kigiriki
ψυχολογ?α
psikhologia
) ni
fani
ya
elimu jamii
inayolenga kujua nafsi ya
binadamu
ili kurahisisha
ukomavu
wake na uhusiano wake na wenzake.
Hakuna mtu wa jana, leo au kesho aliye sawasawa na mwingine: kila mmoja ni wa pekee.
Mungu
ametufanya tofauti ili tutimilizane. Kila mmoja anahitaji wengine, na kila mmoja ni muhimu kwa wenzake. Katika maisha ya jamii kuna sehemu ambayo yeye tu anaweza kuijaza. Wazo hilo linaweza kumsaidia kijana ambaye ni mwepesi kukata tamaa na kujitupa. Daima
uhai
ni zawadi nzuri kwa mhusika na kwa wenzake wote. Kijana ni zawadi yenye nguvu na wema hata kwa
taifa
, kiasi kwamba kujali ustawi wa kijana ni kujenga taifa.
Tunataka kujifahamu tulivyoumbwa (
mwili
,
nafsi
na
roho
, ambavyo vyote vinafungamana ndani mwetu):
- 1. ili tuweze kujithamini hasa kwa kuona sisi ni nani mbele ya Mungu;
- 2. ili tufahamu mipaka yetu na kuikabili inavyofaa;
- 3. ili tufahamu
vipawa
tulivyojaliwa tuwashirikishe wenzetu;
- 4. ili tubadilike kuwa bora zaidi na kuchangia
ustawi wa jamii
;
- 5. ili tuhusiane vizuri zaidi na wenzetu;
- 6. ili tuweze kujieleza kwa watu fulanifulani na kupata mashauri ya kutufaa.
Daima ni muhimu tukubali hali ilivyo, halafu tujitahidi kuifanya bora zaidi. Tusipojikubali kwanza tutahangaika tu hata kukata tamaa. Wajue wasijue vijana wapokua wanashindwa kujikubali walivyo. Pengine wanaficha
silika
zao wasitambulikane na watu, hata wakashindwa kujielewa, wakapatwa na
vilema
vya
ukuaji
pia. Ni lazima waache kujifunika uso kwa
vinyago
hivyo; badala yake wakabili
ukweli
wao, wenye
sifa
na
kasoro
. Hivyo tu watapitia vizuri
mabadiliko ya ujana
upande wa mwili, nafsi, jamii,
maadili
na
roho
. Hatimaye watakomaa na kushika nafasi yao maishani.
Kwa kila mtu ni muhimu kuwa na marafiki; hasa kijana anahitaji kikundi. Lakini hiyo isiwe njia ya kukwepa nafsi yake mwenyewe wala ya kuficha tabia yake kwa kuzungumza, kutembea au kutenda namna fulani wanavyofanya wenzake. Kwa hiyo asijifananishe nao. Kila mtu anakua kwa namna yake, akibadilika kwa kiasi tofauti na muda tofauti. Ni lazima ajifunze kuyapokea mabadiliko hayo pia yanayomfanya geugeu sana, hasa
msichana
katika mzunguko wake wa kila mwezi: mara anaonekana jasiri au korofi, mara amejaa wasiwasi.
Uhai
unasukuma kiumbe chochote kistawi.
Mimea
inakua namna yake,
wanyama
namna yao, na
binadamu
polepole zaidi kwa kuwa ndiye kiumbe bora anayehitaji kukomaa pande zake zote. Kulingana na
haja
yetu ya kukomaa hivyo, sio tu kufikia
umri
au
kimo
fulani, ndani mwetu zimo nguvu zinazotuhimiza tujilinde ili tuzidi kuishi wenyewe, tuendeleze uhai tulionao kwa kuzaa, tujitegemee (yaani tumiliki maisha yetu), tutawale vitu na watu ili mambo yaende tunavyotaka, n.k.
Haja iliyoota mizizi mirefu ndani mwetu ni ile ya kujikamilisha tusiwe watu wanaoishi ili mradi tu. Kadiri tunavyokua tunajisikia kuwajibika. Haja hizo zinafanya tujiwekee pia malengo katika
utendaji
. Basi, baada ya kujifahamu, kila mmoja wetu achague na kuazimia awe bora vipi, kwa sababu wenyewe tunaamua tuweje. Ni
wajibu
wetu kujipenda na kwa hiyo kujitunza na kujistawisha kimwili, kinafsi, kijamii, kimaadili na kiroho. Kazi hiyo inahitaji nia na bidii za kudumu. Tufuate taratibu za kulinda
afya
ya
mwili
,
heshima
ya
mavazi
,
usafi
wa
mazingira
. Tujiepushe na
uvivu
unaosababisha mawazo na matendo mabaya. Tujihadhari na
maandishi
,
picha
na maneno yasiyofaa, yasije yakatupotosha kimawazo au kusisimua
ashiki
. Tuhusiane vema na wengine
(adabu
,
lugha
nzuri n.k.). Hasa tufuate
dhamiri
na kustawisha
roho
iliyo sehemu bora ya
utu
wetu ambamo tunashirikiana na
Mungu
.
Mbali ya
motisha
kutoka nje (yaani kupewa
tuzo
au
adhabu
), sisi binadamu tuna
maarubu
yanayotuongoza kwa ndani na kututia nguvu tutende namna fulani na kukwepa mambo mengine. Yanaweza kuwa ya aina mbalimbali:
- 1. tusiyofundishwa kwa kuwa ni
haja za mwili
(kupumua, kunywa, kula, kujisaidia, kupumzika, kutumia jinsia n.k.) au
haja za nafsi
(kupendwa, kufungamana, kukubaliwa, kufanikiwa, kujitokeza, kusaidia, kushindana, kushinda, kutawala, kujihami, kuwa salama, kuongozwa, kujishusha, kujitawala, kumiliki, kupanga, kubadili, kujua, kuhemka, kujamiiana, kucheza);
- 2. yaliyorithiwa kwa wazazi na
ukoo
(
silika
,
maelekeo
,
vipawa
n.k.);
- 3. ya kujipatia, yaani tusiyozaliwa nayo, ambayo tunayapata maishani mwetu hasa kutoka kwa watu wanaotuzunguka (
mazoea
,
mila
,
tunu
,
imani
n.k.).
Maarubu hayo yanasaidia kukua na kuelekea
ukomavu
, yaani hali ya kuwa jinsi Muumba alivyokusudia kisha kupitia hatua kadhaa.
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Experimental Psychology
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.
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978-0-08-097087-5
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ISBN
978-0-08-097087-5
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978-0-08-097087-5
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.
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ISBN
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ISBN
978-0-08-097087-5
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ISBN
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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080970868240117
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