Saint Petersburg
Санкт-Петербург
(Russian)
|
---|
|
Clockwise from top left:
Peter and Paul Fortress
on
Zayachy Island
,
Smolny Cathedral
,
Bronze Horseman
on
Senate Square
, the
Winter Palace
,
Trinity Cathedral
, and the
Moyka river
with the
General Staff Building
.
Clockwise from top left:
Peter and Paul Fortress
on
Zayachy Island
,
Smolny Cathedral
,
Bronze Horseman
on
Senate Square
, the
Winter Palace
,
Trinity Cathedral
, and the
Moyka river
with the
General Staff Building
.
|
|
|
|
|
Country
| Russia
|
---|
Federal district
| Northwestern
[1]
|
---|
Economic region
| Northwestern
[2]
|
---|
Established
| 27 May 1703
(
1703-05-27
)
[3]
|
---|
Federal city Day
| 27 May
[4]
|
---|
|
?
Governor
| Alexander Beglov
(
UR
, acting)
[5]
|
---|
? Legislature
| Legislative Assembly
|
---|
|
Area
[6]
|
? Total
| 1,439 km
2
(556 sq mi)
|
---|
Area rank
| 82nd
|
---|
Time zone
(s)
| MSK
(
UTC+04:00
)
|
---|
ISO 3166-2
| RU-SPE
|
---|
License plates
| 78, 98, 178, 198
|
---|
Official languages
| Russian
[7]
|
---|
Official website
|
Saint Petersburg
(
Russian
:
Санкт-Петербу?рг
,
romanized:
Sankt-Peterburg
) is a
Russian
city
in northwestern Russia, near the
Gulf of Finland
of the
Baltic Sea
. Over five million people live in St. Petersburg as of 2015, and it is the second biggest city in Russia. It is a major port, connecting with the world's shipping paths through the Neva River and the Baltic.
Part of Saint Petersburg is designated a
World Heritage Site
called
The Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments
.
Saint Petersburg was started by the Russian Tsar,
Peter I
as the
capital
of the
Russian Empire
in
1703
, to take the place of the earlier capital,
Moscow
. It was the capital of Russia until
1918
. Peter the Great established Saint Petersburg as a warm-weather port in order to show Russian dominance in the Baltic and to increase trading opportunities. Peter sought to modernize Russia, therefore he tried to make Saint Petersburg as different as possible from the former capital, Moscow, by modernizing the city.
Saint Petersburg has changed its name many times. During
World War I
, when Russia and
Germany
were fighting each other, Russians thought the name
Sankt Peterburg
sounded too German, so Tsar
Nicholas II
, on
August 31
(August 18, Old Style),
1914
decided that the city was renamed
Petrograd
. In 1918 during the
Russian revolution
, the Soviet capital was moved to Moscow, still the capital of Russia now.
On January 26, 1924, five days after
Lenin
's death, Petrograd was renamed
Leningrad
in his honor. During
World War II
, the city was surrounded by the German army and under
siege
for twenty-nine months until January 1944.
Leningrad again took its old name of St. Petersburg on September 6,
1991
, when Russia stopped being
communist
. In every-day Russian, the city is often called just "
Piter
". The
Oblast
(administrative province) where the city is the capital is still called "Leningrad Oblast".
Saint Petersburg was a beautiful city planned by Peter I. There are many man-made rivers (or canals) in the city, so the city is sometimes called the
Venice of the North
. There are also beautiful buildings built by Russian emperors in other places of the city. Some of these buildings are the
Hermitage Museum
and the
Winter Palace
.
1888 map of St Petersburg and Kronstadt, a fortified island city
Bronze Horseman
Saint Petersburg is located in Northwestern Federal district of Russia. The area of the city is 605.8 km². Saint Petersburg has an area called
Leningrad oblast
. The city has also many islands such as
Vasilyevsky Island
, Kotlin Island, Kamerny Island, Aptekarsky Island etc.
The climate is a
humid continental
.
- ↑
Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. ≪О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе≫. Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г.
(President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000
On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District
. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
- ↑
Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. ≪Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы≫, в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР.
(
Gosstandart
of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995
Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions
, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
- ↑
Official website of St. Petersburg.
St. Petersburg in Figures
Archived
19 February 2009 at the
Wayback Machine
- ↑
Законодательное Собрание Санкт-Петербурга. Закон №555-75 от 26 октября 2005 г. ≪О праздниках и памятных датах в Санкт-Петербурге≫, в ред. Закона №541-112 от 6 ноября 2008 г.
(Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg. Law #555-75 of 26 October 2005
On Holidays and Memorial Dates in Saint Petersburg
. ).
- ↑
Александр Беглов назначен врио Губернатора Санкт-Петербурга
(in Russian). Rambler news. 3 October 2018
. Retrieved
3 October
2018
.
- ↑
Official website of St. Petersburg.
Петербург в цифрах
Archived
2012-05-01 at the
Wayback Machine
(
St. Petersburg in Figures
)
(in Russian)
- ↑
Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the
Constitution of Russia
.
|
---|
|
Other not official subdivisions
| |
|
|
---|
International
| |
---|
National
| |
---|
Geographic
| |
---|
Other
| |
---|