Kingdom of Cambodia
Pre?h Re?che?nachak Kamp?che?
|
---|
|
Motto:
Nation
,
Religion
,
King
|
Anthem:
Nokor Reach
Majestic Kingdom
|
|
Capital
and largest city
| Phnom Penh
11°33′N
104°55′E
/
11.550°N 104.917°E
/
11.550; 104.917
|
---|
Official languages
| Khmer
|
---|
Other languages
| List
|
---|
Official script
| Khmer script
|
---|
Ethnic groups
| 90.0%
Khmer
5.0%
Vietnamese
1.0%
Chinese
4.0% other
|
---|
Demonym(s)
| Khmer
or Cambodian
|
---|
Government
| Unitary
parliamentary democracy
and
Constitutional monarchy
under a
Dominant party
Totalitarian
Hereditary dictatorship
|
---|
|
| Norodom Sihamoni
|
---|
| Hun Manet
[1]
(
CPP
)
|
---|
| Say Chhum
|
---|
| Heng Samrin
|
---|
|
Legislature
| Parliament
|
---|
| Senate
|
---|
| National Assembly
|
---|
|
|
| 68
|
---|
| 550
|
---|
| 802
|
---|
| 1863
|
---|
? Independence from France
| November 9, 1953
|
---|
| September 24, 1993
|
---|
|
|
? Total
| 181,035 km
2
(69,898 sq mi) (
88th
)
|
---|
? Water (%)
| 2.5
|
---|
|
? 2019 census
| 15,288,489
[2]
(
72nd
)
|
---|
? Density
| 81.8/km
2
(211.9/sq mi) (
96th
)
|
---|
GDP
(
PPP
)
| 2019 estimate
|
---|
? Total
| $76.635 billion
[3]
|
---|
? Per capita
| $4,645
[3]
|
---|
GDP
(nominal)
| 2019 estimate
|
---|
? Total
| $26.628 billion
[3]
|
---|
? Per capita
| $1,614
[3]
|
---|
Gini
(2013)
| 36.0
[4]
medium
|
---|
HDI
(2018)
| 0.581
[5]
medium
·
146th
|
---|
Currency
| Riel
(
KHR
)
|
---|
Time zone
| UTC
+7
|
---|
Driving side
| right
|
---|
Calling code
| +855
|
---|
ISO 3166 code
| KH
|
---|
Internet TLD
| .kh
|
---|
- The US Dollar is often used
|
Cambodia
or
Kampuchea
(officially called
Kingdom of Cambodia
) is a
country
in
Southeast Asia
. It is near
Vietnam
,
Laos
, and
Thailand
. About 13
million
people live in Cambodia. The people of Cambodia are called
Cambodians
or
Kampuchea
.
Khmer
is the official
language
. The country has recently emerged from a long civil war and the rule of the
Khmer Rouge
. It is part of
ASEAN
, Association of South East Asian Nations.
The ancestors of Cambodia had an empire called Angkor centered in the northwest of present-day Cambodia. The Angkor civilization is the world's largest pre-industrial civilization. One of the buildings from Angkor is a
Hindu
/
Buddhist
temple called
Angkor Wat
which is the world's largest religious structure. This empire was later destroyed due to ecological and environmental problems as well as failing infrastructure.
Theravada Buddhism
came to the country in the 13th century via monks from Sri Lanka. Since then, Buddhism has been the official religion.
Cambodia is set entirely in the
tropic zone
. The
Mekong River
runs through the middle of the country and is the most important source of water in the country. The country is the size of
Missouri
.
In Cambodia, people play many sports. Some sports that are enjoyed that come from the West include
golf
,
rugby
and
soccer
. Traditional Cambodian sports are buffalo racing, dragon boat racing and
bokator
Khmer martial art also known as
pradal serey
. Cambodia attended its first
Olympic Games
in 1956 and participated in two more before warfare and civil strife interrupted its attendance. The country returned to regular participation with the 1996 Summer Games. Cambodia managed fourth in
soccer
in the 1972 Southeast Asian games. Cambodia hosted the GANEFO games in the 1960s. Sports is played in Cambodia to entertain people and too they can find out more about their own talents.
The culture of Cambodia has been influenced by
Hinduism
. Today most people in Cambodia practice Buddhism. A lot of their customs revolve around Buddhism.
The food of Cambodia includes tropical
fruits
,
rice
,
noodles
and various
soups
. Cambodians like to eat a rice noodle soup called 'kah-tieu' in the morning. Cambodians are famous for a type of 'kah-tieu' called 'kah-tieu Phnom Penh' which has
shrimp
,
beef
balls, fried garlic, pork broth and chicken. Cambodians also eat a red curry noodle soup with rice vermicelle noodles.
Curry
is also eaten with rice or French bread in Cambodia. Cambodian food is similar to
Vietnamese
and
Southern Thai food
.
Cambodia also has a mystical
tattoo
called a yantra tattoo that is popular with soldiers. A yantra tattoo has ancient Khmer and Pali (An ancient Indian language) writing. A yantra tattoo is usually done by a religious person or monk. The tattoo artist guarantees that the person cannot receive any physical harm as long as they follow certain conditions. A person is supposed to not talk to anyone for three days and three nights. Another alternative is to follow the five Buddhist percepts. Movie star actress
Angelina Jolie
is known to have a yantra tattoo.
Cambodians celebrate the Cambodian New Year in April. It is based on Theravada Buddhism. The date depends on astrological signs but are usually are on April 13-15 or April 14-16.
The Cambodian flag includes a three-towered temple called Angkor Wat. It is the most famous monument in the country. Many tourists visit the temple. The Cambodian flag has three horizontal bands. There are two blue bands on the top and the bottom. There is a red band that is twice the height of each blue band. The red band represents the nation. The temple represents the structure of the universe.
[6]
Cambodia is divided into 25
provinces
including the capital. The provinces are divided into 159 districts and 26 municipalities. The districts and municipalities are then divided into communes and quarters.
Name
|
Capital (seat)
|
Population (2019)
[7]
|
Area (km
2
)
[2]
|
Population density
|
ISO
|
Banteay Meanchey
|
Serei Saophoan Municipality
|
859,545
|
6,679
|
129
|
KH-1
|
Battambang
|
Battambang Municipality
|
987,400
|
11,702
|
84
|
KH-2
|
Kampong Cham
|
Kampong Cham Municipality
|
895,763
|
4,549
|
197
|
KH-3
|
Kampong Chhnang
|
Kampong Chhnang Municipality
|
525,932
|
5,521
|
95
|
KH-4
|
Kampong Speu
|
Chbar Mon Municipality
|
872,219
|
7,017
|
124
|
KH-5
|
Kampong Thom
|
Steung Saen Municipality
|
677,260
|
13,814
|
49
|
KH-6
|
Kampot
|
Kampot Municipality
|
592,845
|
4,873
|
122
|
KH-7
|
Kandal
|
Ta Khmau Municipality
|
1,195,547
|
3,179
|
376
|
KH-8
|
Koh Kong
|
Khemarak Phoumin Municipality
|
123,618
|
10,090
|
12
|
KH-9
|
Kratie
|
Kratie Municipality
|
327,825
|
11,094
|
34
|
KH-10
|
Mondulkiri
|
Senmonorom Municipality
|
88,649
|
14,288
|
6
|
KH-11
|
Phnom Penh
|
Doun Penh Section
|
2,129,371
|
679
|
3,136
|
KH-12
|
Preah Vihear
|
Tbaeng Meanchey Municipality
|
251,352
|
13,788
|
18
|
KH-13
|
Prey Veng
|
Prey Veng Municipality
|
1,057,428
|
4,883
|
217
|
KH-14
|
Pursat
|
Pursat Municipality
|
411,759
|
12,692
|
32
|
KH-15
|
Ratanak Kiri
|
Banlung Municipality
|
204,027
|
10,782
|
19
|
KH-16
|
Siem Reap
|
Siem Reap Municipality
|
1,006,512
|
10,299
|
98
|
KH-17
|
Preah Sihanouk
|
Sihanoukville Municipality
|
302,887
|
1,938
|
156
|
KH-18
|
Stung Treng
|
Stung Treng Municipality
|
159,565
|
11,092
|
14
|
KH-19
|
Svay Rieng
|
Svay Rieng Municipality
|
524,554
|
2,966
|
177
|
KH-20
|
Takeo
|
Doun Kaev Municipality
|
899,485
|
3,563
|
252
|
KH-21
|
Oddar Meanchey
|
Samraong Municipality
|
261,252
|
6,158
|
42
|
KH-22
|
Kep
|
Kep Municipality
|
41,798
|
336
|
124
|
KH-23
|
Pailin
|
Pailin Municipality
|
71,600
|
803
|
89
|
KH-24
|
Tboung Khmum
|
Suong Municipality
|
775,296
|
5,250
|
148
|
KH-25
|
People in Cambodia use many different types of transportation. Transportation in Cambodia include:
boat
,
car
,
motorcycle
,
elephant
,
train
and
airplane
.
The Cambodian economy has been growing rapidly in recent years. Cambodia is set to build its first
skyscraper
, Gold Tower 42. Cambodia is also building a satellite city next to
Phnom Penh
which is called Camko City. Camko City is being constructed by Korean companies to modernize Phnom Penh so as to make it appealing to foreign investors and businesses. Cambodia is also one of the most corrupted nations in the world and has been pressured by international communities to fix it.
Cambodia has foreign relations with most nations. It is part of
ASEAN
. Cambodia has border issues with
Vietnam
and
Thailand
over lost territories. Cambodia is one of a few nations with good relations with both
Koreas
.
South Korean
president Lee Myung Bak was an economic advisor to Cambodian prime minister Hun Sen and former Cambodian King Norodom Sihanouk was a good friend with former
North Korean
leader Kim Il-sung.
The Khmer (Cambodians) account for the vast majority of the population. Ethnic minorities include Chinese, Vietnamese,
Muslim
Cham-Malays, Laotians, and various native peoples of the rural highlands.
Although much of Cambodia is heavily forested, the central lowland region is covered with
rice
paddies, fields of dry crops such as corn (maize) and tobacco, tracts of tall grass and reeds, and thinly wooded areas. Savanna grassland occur in the plains, with the grasses reaching a height of 5 feet (1.5 metres). In the eastern highlands the high plateaus are covered with grasses and deciduous forests. Broad-leaved evergreen forests grow in the mountainous areas to the north, with trees 100 feet (30 metres) high emerging from thick undergrowths of vines, rattans, palms, bamboos, and assorted woody and herbaceous ground plants. In the southwestern highlands, open forests of pines are found at the higher elevations, while the rain-drenched seaward slopes are blanketed with virgin rainforests growing to heights of 150 feet (45 metres) or more. Vegetation along the coastal strip ranges from evergreen forests to nearly impenetrable mangroves.
- ↑
"Pen Sovann, Cambodia's First Prime Minister After Khmer Rouge, Dies at 80"
.
New York Times
. October 13, 2016
. Retrieved
10 December
2016
.
- ↑
2.0
2.1
"General Population Census of the Kingdom of Cambodia 2019"
(PDF)
.
National Institute of Statistics
.
Ministry of Planning
. 3 March 2019. Archived from
the original
on 13 November 2019
. Retrieved
12 August
2019
.
- ↑
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
"Cambodia"
. International Monetary Fund.
- ↑
"Income Gini coefficient"
.
hdr.undp.org
. World Bank. Archived from
the original
on 10 June 2010
. Retrieved
29 January
2020
.
- ↑
"Human Development Report 2019"
(PDF)
. United Nations Development Programme. 2019
. Retrieved
9 December
2019
.
- ↑
National Flag of Cambodia. Retrieved from
http://www.worldflags101.com/c/cambodia-flag.aspx
Archived
2010-10-15 at the
Wayback Machine
on the 16 September 2010
- ↑
"General Population Census of the Kingdom of Cambodia 2019: Provisional Population Totals"
(PDF)
.
National Institute of Statistics
.
Ministry of Planning
. June 2019
. Retrieved
12 August
2019
.