??????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?. ??? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????. ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ??????? ????? ????? ???????(????? ???????) ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?. ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??. ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????. ?? ?? ??? ?? 20% ??? ?????? ??????? ??. 1940 ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????.

• ????????

1. ↑ In yeismo dialects, castellano is pronounced [kast?e???ano] .

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} El espanol: una lengua viva ? Informe 2019 (PDF) (Report). Instituto Cervantes . 2019. 18 February 2020 ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? (PDF) . ??????????? 26 December 2019 .
2. ↑ Eberhard et al. (2020) harv error: no target: CITEREFEberhard_et_al.2020 ( help )
3. ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarstrom, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Spanish". Glottolog 2.2 . Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. {{ cite book }} : Invalid |display-editors=4 ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored ( help )