Brasilia
Federal caipital
Frae upper left: Naitional Congress o Brazil , Juscelino Kubitschek brig , Monumental Axis , Palacio da Alvorada an Cathedral o Brasilia .
Eik-name(s):  Caipital Federal , BSB , Capital da Esperanca
Motto(s):  "Venturis ventis"    ( Latin ) "Tae the comin winds"
Location o Brasilia athin the Federal Destrict
Brasilia Location in Brazil
Coordinates: 15°47′56″S 47°52′00″W  /  15.79889°S 47.86667°W  / -15.79889; -47.86667
Kintra	Brazil
Region	Central-Wast
State	Federal Destrict
Foondit	21 Aprile 1960
Area
?  Federal caipital	5802 km 2 (2240.164 sq mi)
Elevation	1172 m (3,845 ft)
Population   (2010)
?  Federal caipital	2,562,963 ( 4t )
? Density	441.565/km 2 (1144/sq mi)
?  Metro	3,716,996 (6t)
Time zone	UTC?3 ( BRT )
? Summer ( DST )	UTC?2 ( BRST )
Postal Code	70000-000
Area code(s)	+55 61
Website	www.brasilia.df.gov.br
UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid
Teep	Cultural
Criteria	i, iv
Designatit	1987 (11t session )
Reference no.	445
State Party	Brazil
Region	Latin America and the Caribbean

Brasilia ( Portuguese pronunciation:  [b?a?zili?] ) is the caipital o Brazil . The name is commonly spelled Brasilia in Inglis. The ceety an its Destrict are locatit in the Central-Wast region o the kintra, alang a plateau kent as Planalto Central . It haes a population o aboot 2,557,000 (3,599,000 in the metropolitan aurie) as o the 2008 IBGE estimate, makin it the fowert lairgest ceety in Brazil. Housomeivver, as a metropolitan aurie , it ranks lawer at saxt. It is leetit as a Warld Heritage Steid bi UNESCO . Brasilia hosts 119 foreign embassies . ^[1]

As the naitional caipital, Brasilia is the seat o aw three branches o the Brazilian govrenment . The ceety an aa hosts the heidquarters o mony Brazilian companies sic as the Banco do Brasil , Caixa Economica Federal , Correios an Brasil Telecom . The ceety is a warld reference for urban plannin . Plannin policies sic as the locatin o residential biggins aroond expansive urban auries, as well as biggin the ceety aroond lairge avenues an dividin it intae sectors, hae sparked a debate an reflection on life in big ceeties in the 20t century. The ceety's planned design includit specific auries for amaist awthing, includin accommodation, Hotel Sectors North an Sooth. New auries are nou bein developit for hotels, sic as the Hotels an Tourism Sector North, on the shore o Lake Paranoa.

The ceety wis planned an developit in 1956 wi Lucio Costa as the principal urban planner an Oscar Niemeyer as the principal architect. On Aprile 22, 1960, it formally became Brazil's naitional caipital. Viewed frae abuin, the main portion o the ceety resembles an airplane or a butterflee. ^{[2] [3]} The ceety is commonly referred tae as Caipital Federal , or simply BSB . ^[4] Residents o Brasilia are kent as brasilienses or candangos (the latter referrin tae thae no born in the ceety, but migratit thare when the ceety wis establisht).

Brasilia haes a sui generis status in Brazil, as it is no a municipality lik nearly aw ceeties in Brazil . Awtho thare is nae legal definition for Brasilia, the term is amaist aaways uised synonymously wi the Brazilian Federal Destrict , an sicweys constitutes an indivisible Federative Unit , analogous tae a state. In the region, housomeivver, the wird Brasilia aften refers anerlie tae the First Administrative Region athin the Distrito Federal (Federal Destrict), " whaur the maist important government biggins are locatit. This is in contrast wi the surroondin "satellite ceeties," which nivertheless are an aa pairt o the Federal Destrict, an as sic, Brasilia, in a broader sense.

Brasilia Internaitional Airport is a major airline hub for the rest o the kintra, connectin the caipital tae aw major Brazilian ceeties an mony internaitional destinations. It is the third maist important airport o Brazil, in terms o passengers an aircraft movements.

History [ eedit | eedit soorce ]

Preses Juscelino Kubitschek ordered the construction o Brasilia, fulfillin an airticle o the kintra's constitution datin back tae 1891 statin that the caipital shoud be moved frae Rio de Janeiro tae a place close tae the centre o the kintra. The plan wis oreeginally conceived in 1827 bi Jose Bonifacio , an advisor tae Emperor Dom Pedro I. He presentit a plan tae the General Assembly for a new ceety cried Brasilia, wi the idea o movin the caipital wastward frae the hivily populatit sootheastren corridor. The bill wis no enactit acause Emperor Dom Pedro I dissolved the Assembly. ^[5]

Lucio Costa wan a contest an wis the main urban planner in 1957, wi 5550 fowk competin. Oscar Niemeyer , a close friend, wis the chief airchitect o maist public biggins an Roberto Burle Marx wis the landscape designer . Brasilia wis biggit in 41 month, frae 1956 tae 21 Aprile 1960, when it wis offeecially inauguratit. Frae 1763 tae 1960, Rio de Janeiro wis the caipital o Brazil. At this time, resoorces tendit tae be centred in Brazil's sootheast region near Rio de Janeiro. Brasilia's geographically central location fostered a mair regionally neutral federal caipital. The idea o locatin the caipital in the centre o Brazil wis first suggestit in 1891, but no defined till 1922.

Frae the beginnin, the growthe o Brasilia exceedit expectations. Till the 1980s, the govrenor o the Distrito Federal wis appointit bi the Federal Govrenment, an the laws o Brasilia wur issued bi the Brazilian Federal Senate. Wi the Constitution o 1988 Brasilia gained the richt tae elect its Govrenor, an a Destrict Assembly (Camara Legislativa) wis electit tae exercise legislative pouer.

Accordin tae legend, Italian saunt Don Bosco in 1883 haed a dream in which he describit a futuristic ceety that roughly fittit Brasilia's location. ^[6] In Brasilia the day, thare are mony references tae this educator who foondit the Salesian order, an ane kirk in the ceety bears his name.

Sister ceeties [ eedit | eedit soorce ]

References [ eedit | eedit soorce ]

Wikimedia Commons haes media relatit tae Brasilia .