Mississippi
Date geografice
Bazin hidrografic	Mississippi River drainage basin [*] [[ Mississippi River drainage basin (drainage basin of the Mississippi River)|​]]
Emisar	Golful Mexic
Date hidrologice
Lungimea cursului de ap?	3.766 km [1] [2]
Date generale
??ri traversate	Statele Unite ale Americii
Afluen?i	Black River [*] [[ Black River (tributary of the Mississippi River near La Crosse, Wisconsin)|​]] , Raul Arkansas , Fluviul Ohio , Saint Croix River [*] [[ Saint Croix River (river in Wisconsin and Minnesota, United States)|​]] , Raul Wisconsin , Raul Rock [*] ​ , Illinois River [*] [[ Illinois River (Illinois tributary of the Mississippi River in the United States)|​]] , Kaskaskia River [*] [[ Kaskaskia River (river in Illinois, United States)|​]] , Raul Minnesota , Raul Des Moines , White River [*] [[ White River (river in Arkansas and Missouri, United States)|​]] , Apple River [*] [[ Apple River (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Big Muddy River [*] [[ Big Muddy River (river in the United States of America)|​]] , St. Francis River [*] [[ St. Francis River (river in Arkansas and Missouri in the United States)|​]] , Yazoo [*] [[ Yazoo (river in Louisiana and Mississippi, United States)|​]] , Big Black River [*] [[ Big Black River (river in the U.S. state of Mississippi and a tributary of the Mississippi River)|​]] , Maquoketa River [*] [[ Maquoketa River (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Wolf River [*] [[ Wolf River (watercourse in the United States of America)|​]] , Rice Creek [*] [[ Rice Creek (river in Minnesota, United States of America)|​]] , Iowa River [*] [[ Iowa River (tributary of the Mississippi River in Iowa, United States)|​]] , Turkey River [*] [[ Turkey River (river in Iowa, United States)|​]] , Loosahatchie River [*] [[ Loosahatchie River (watercourse in the United States of America)|​]] , Meramec River [*] [[ Meramec River (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Wapsipinicon River [*] [[ Wapsipinicon River (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Chippewa River [*] [[ Chippewa River (river in Wisconsin, United States)|​]] , River des Peres [*] [[ River des Peres (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Bayou Pierre [*] [[ Bayou Pierre (river in Mississippi, United States. Tributary of the Mississippi River.)|​]] , Catfish Creek [*] [[ Catfish Creek (river in Dubuque County, Iowa)|​]] , Crow River [*] [[ Crow River (river in Minnesota, United States)|​]] , Duck Creek [*] [[ Duck Creek (river in Illinois, United States of America)|​]] , Hatchie River [*] [[ Hatchie River (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Henderson Creek [*] [[ Henderson Creek (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Little Maquoketa River [*] [[ Little Maquoketa River (stream in Iowa, USA)|​]] , Marys River [*] [[ Marys River (river in Illinois)|​]] , Obion River [*] [[ Obion River (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Prairie River [*] [[ Prairie River (river in United States of America)|​]] , Rum River [*] [[ Rum River (river in Minnesota, United States)|​]] , Rush River [*] [[ Rush River (river in United States of America)|​]] , Salt River [*] [[ Salt River (river in Missouri, United States)|​]] , Schoolcraft River [*] [[ Schoolcraft River (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Skunk River [*] [[ Skunk River (river in Iowa, United States of America)|​]] , Swan River [*] [[ Swan River (tributary of the Mississippi River in central Minnesota, United States)|​]] , Swan River [*] [[ Swan River (tributary of the Mississippi River in northern Minnesota, United States)|​]] , Trempealeau River [*] [[ Trempealeau River (river in Trempealeau, Buffalo, and Jackson counties in Wisconsin, United States)|​]] , Turtle River [*] [[ Turtle River (river in Minnesota, tributary of the Mississippi River)|​]] , Upper Iowa River [*] [[ Upper Iowa River (tributary of the Mississippi River)|​]] , Vermillion River [*] [[ Vermillion River (tributary of the Mississippi River in Minnesota, United States)|​]] , Wind River [*] [[ Wind River (river in Wisconsin, United States of America)|​]] , Yellow River [*] [[ Yellow River (river in Iowa, United States)|​]] , Village Creek [*] [[ Village Creek (river in Allamakee County, Iowa, United States)|​]] , Brazeau Creek [*] [[ Brazeau Creek (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Cinque Hommes Creek [*] [[ Cinque Hommes Creek (stream in Perry County, Missouri, United States of America)|​]] , Nokasippi River [*] [[ Nokasippi River (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Apple Creek [*] [[ Apple Creek (stream originating in Missouri)|​]] , Coles Creek (Mississippi) [*] [[ Coles Creek (Mississippi) (river in the United States of America)|​]] , River aux Vases [*] [[ River aux Vases (river in the United States of America)|​]] , Minnehaha Creek [*] [[ Minnehaha Creek (small river near Minneapolis, Minnesota; a tributary of the Mississippi River)|​]] , Fox River [*] [[ Fox River (river in Iowa and Missouri, United States)|​]] , Bassett Creek [*] [[ Bassett Creek (tributary of the Mississippi River in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States)|​]] , Sucker [*] [[ Sucker (stream in Clearwater County, Minnesota, United States)|​]] , Missouri
Modific? date / text

Mississippi [ ?m?s??s?p? ] (in englez? Mississippi River ) este un fluviu din America de Nord ( SUA ) cu o lungime de 3.778 km. Mississippi izvor??te din Lacul Itasca in partea de nord a statului Minnesota . Se une?te cu afluen?ii s?i principali Missouri ?i Meramac lang? ora?ul St. Louis , Missouri , iar cu Ohio in statul Illinois . In afar? de regiunea Marilor Lacuri fluviul asigur? cu ap? intregul ?inut dintre Mun?ii Stanco?i in vest ?i Mun?ii Apala?i in est.

Fluviul Mississippi curge prin zece state nord americane Minnesota , Wisconsin , Iowa , Illinois , Missouri , Kentucky , Arkansas , Tennessee , Mississippi ?i Louisiana , inainte de v?rsarea sa printr-o delt? larg?, la circa 160 km in sudul ora?ului New Orleans in Golful Mexic .

Izvorul [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Spre deosebire de alte fluvii mari, Mississippi nu are mai multe izvoare. El izvor??te din lacul Itasca sub forma unui parau cu o l??ime de 5 m. Coordonatele lacului sunt 47° 15' latitudine nordic? ?i 95° 12' longitudine vestic?, fiind situat la o altitudine de 512 m.

Etimologie [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Numele fluviului provine din limba indienilor Algonkin , din combina?ia cuvintelor messe = mare ?i sepe = ap?. Fiind frecvent tradus din aceast? limb? ca ?Tat?l apelor”. O alt? posibilitate ar fi provenien?a numelui din limba indienilor Anishinabe ?i anume Messipi = ?Marele Rau”

Afluen?i [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Afluen?i pe stanga:

• Raul St. Croix
• Black River
• Raul Chippewa
• Raul Rock
• Raul Wisconsin
• Illinois River
• Raul Kaskaskia
• Raul Ohio
• Hatschie River
• Raul Yazoo
• Big Black River

Afluen?i pe dreapta:

• Raul Minnesota
• Root River
• Turkey River
• Iowa
• Des Moines
• Skunk River
• Salt River
• Missouri
• Raul St. Francis
• White River
• Raul Arkansas
• Red River

Delta fluviului [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Mississippi se vars? sub forma unei delte cu o suprafa?? de 28.600 km², cea mai mare gur? de v?rsare din lume. Fluviul la v?rsare este compus din cinci bra?e principale pe teritoriul statelor Louisiana , Arkansas ?i Tennessee . Cantitatea zilnic? de sediment adus de fluviu fiind de 1,5 milioane de tone. Inunda?iile periodice cu depuneri de mal, face ca aceste regiuni s? fie deosebit de fertile, regiunea este bogat? in pe?te (1 miliard de kg de pe?te anual) Cultivarea in regiunea deltei este favorabil? culturii de: orez, bumbac, trestie de zah?r ?i soia. O problem? a acestei regiuni este scufundarea treptat? a uscatului care duce la urcarea nivelului marin cu ap? s?rat? eutrofie .

Adancime [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

La izvorarea sa din Lacul Itasca , Mississippi are o adancime de aproximativ 0,9 m. Adancimea medie a raului Mississippi intre Saint Paul ?i Saint Louis este cuprins? intre 2,7-3,7 m, partea cea mai adanc? fiind Lacul Pepin, care are 6?10 m adancime medie ?i o adancimea maxim? de 18 m. Intre Saint Louis, unde raul Missouri se vars? in Mississippi, ?i Cairo, Illinois , adancimea este in medie de 9 m. In aval de Cairo, Illinois, dup? confluen?a raului Ohio , adancimea medie este de 15-30 m. Cea mai mare adancime a fluviului Mississippi este in apropiere de New Orleans (la Algiers Point ), unde acesta ajunge pan? la 60 m adancime. ^[3]

Localit??i de pe Mississippi [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Istoric [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Inainte de sosirea primilor coloni?ti spanioli, intre anii 700 ?i 1600 a existat pe cursul fuviului o cultur? dezvoltat?. Hernando de Soto la 8 mai 1541 a fost primul european, care descoper? si nume?te fluviul Rio de Espiritu Santo . In anul 1673 pornesc o expedi?ie Louis Joliet ?i Jacques Marquette de cercetare a regiunii, una dintre cele mai mari expedi?ii de cercetare de pe Mississippi. Primul european care ajunge in delta fluviului a fost Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle in 1683 . O lung? perioad? de timp, fluviul a format grani?a intre regiunile colonizate de europeni ?i teritoriul indian Cherokee prev?zut ca rezerva?ie indian?. Fluviul are ?i o mare importan?? comercial? cu privire la transportul pe ap?, avand un rol important in r?zboiul civil american.

Din anul 1812 circul? pe fluviu vaporul cu roat? de propulsie a lui Robert Fulton f?cand ruta intre New Orleans ?i Natchez . Pan? in 1817 erau deja pe fluviu 17 vapoare cu abur, in anul urm?tor deja 31, in 1820 erau 69, ca in anul 1850 s? se ating? cifra de 740 de vapoare cu aburi. Rutele mai frecvente erau intre New Orleans ?i Louisville , sau intre New Orleans ?i Natchez. In afar? de c?l?tori, se transportau pe vase mari cantit??i de bumbac. Traficul fluvial scade dup? apari?ia c?ii ferate, in 1838 fiind construit? prima linie de cale ferat? intre Vicksburg - Jackson . Fluviul devine mai cunoscut prin povestirile romancierului american Mark Twain .

Note [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Vezi ?i [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

• Naviga?ia cu nave cu aburi pe Mississippi
• List? de fluvii
• List? de superlative geografice
• Hannibal (Missouri)

Leg?turi externe [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Wikimedia Commons con?ine materiale multimedia legate de Mississippi (fluviu)

• Video clip Paul Robeson - ?Ol' Man River” Fluviul Mississippi
• Mississippi River Arhivat in 10 iunie 2007 , la Wayback Machine ., project of the American Land Conservancy Arhivat in 20 mai 2009 , la Wayback Machine .
• Friends of the Mississippi River
  • Mississippi River Challenge? annual canoe & kayak event on the Twin Cities stretch Arhivat in 25 februarie 2011 , la Wayback Machine .
  • Mississippi River Field Guide Arhivat in 8 februarie 2011 , la Wayback Machine .
• Mississippi National River and Recreation Area (MN) from the NPS
  • Mississippi River Facts from the NPS

v   ?   d   ?   m Statele Unite ale Americii ? Americani ? Limba englez? ? Engleza nord-american? ? Ap?rare   · A?ez?ri   · Capitala   · Clim?   · Conduc?tori   · Cultur?   · Demografie   · Drapel   · Economie   · Educa?ie   · Faun?   · Flor?   · Geografie   · Hidrografie   · Istorie   · Ora?e   · Politic?   · S?n?tate   · Sport   · Stem?   · Subdiviziuni   · Turism Cioturi   · Formate   · Imagini   · Portal

v   ?   d   ?   m Rauri din Statele Unite ale Americii ??   · Arkansas   · Brazos   · Canadian   · Cimarron   · Colorado   · Colorado (Texas)   · Columbia   · Connecticut   · Cumberland   · Des Moines   ·   · Gila   · Green   · Kuskokwim   · James   · Little Missouri   · Milk   · Mississippi   · Missouri   · Niobrara   · Pecos   · Red   · Rio Grande   · Ohio   ·   · Sabine   · Saint Lawrence   · Sheyenne   · Smokey Hill   · Tanana   · Tennessee   · Trinity   · Wabash   · White   · White (Dakota de Sud)   · Yellowstone   · Yukon   ·   · Rauri din Statele Unite ale Americii   · Lista primelor 38 fluvii (dup? lungime)   · Formate   · Imagini   · Portal   ·   ·