Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter

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Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter
Date personale
Nume la na?tere Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter Modificați la Wikidata
N?scut [1] [9] [10] [11] Modificați la Wikidata
Metropolitan Borough of Kensington ?( d ) , Anglia , Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii ?i Irlandei [12] Modificați la Wikidata
Decedat (96 de ani) [1] [9] [10] [13] Modificați la Wikidata
Toronto , Ontario , Canada [14] [2] Modificați la Wikidata
Cet??enie   Regatul Unit
  Canada Modificați la Wikidata
Ocupa?ie matematician
cadru didactic universitar [*] ​ Modificați la Wikidata
Limbi vorbite limba englez? [15] [16] [17] Modificați la Wikidata
Activitate
Alma mater Trinity College [2]
Universitatea Cambridge [3]
St George's School [*] [[ St George's School (school in Hertfordshire, UK)|​]] [2]
Universitatea Princeton [2]
King Alfred School [*] [[ King Alfred School (school in London, England)|​]] [4]
Marlborough College [*] [[ Marlborough College (school in Wiltshire, UK)|​]] [5]   Modificați la Wikidata
Organiza?ie Universitatea din Toronto [2]
University of East Anglia [*] [[ University of East Anglia (university in Norwich, England, United Kingdom)|​]] [6]
Universitatea din Amsterdam [7]   Modificați la Wikidata
Rude Eve Goldsmith Coxeter [*] [[ Eve Goldsmith Coxeter |​]] [2]   Modificați la Wikidata
Premii Membru al Societ??ii Regale [*] ​ ( ) [2]
Ordinul Canadei in grad de Companion [*] ​ ( ) [8]
Henry Marshall Tory Medal [*] [[ Henry Marshall Tory Medal (award of the Royal Society of Canada)|​]] ( )
CRM-Fields-PIMS prize [*] [[ CRM-Fields-PIMS prize (Canadian award)|​]] ( ) [8]
Membru al Societ??ii Regale din Canada [*] ​ ( ) [2]
Jeffery?Williams Prize [*] [[ Jeffery?Williams Prize (Canadian mathematical prize)|​]] ( ) [2]
Medalia Sylvester [*] ​ ( ) [2] [8]   Modificați la Wikidata
Modific? date / text   Consultați documentația formatului

Harold Scott MacDonald "Donald" Coxeter , Ordinul Canadei ?( d ) , FRS ?( d ) , FRSC ?( d ) [18] (n. , Metropolitan Borough of Kensington ?( d ) , Anglia , Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii ?i Irlandei  ? d. , Toronto , Ontario , Canada ) a fost un matematician britanic ?i, mai apoi, canadian . El este considerat unul dintre cei mai mari matematicieni ai secolului al XX-lea, cu contribu?ii deosebite in domeniul geometriei . [19]

Biografie [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Coxeter s-a n?scut in Kensington , fiind fiul lui Harold Samuel Coxeter ?i al lui Lucy (n?scut? Gee). Tat?l s?u preluase afacerea de familie a Coxeter & Son, produc?tori de instrumente chirurgicale ?i gaze comprimate (inclusiv un mecanism pentru anestezierea pacien?ilor la chirurgie cu protoxid de azot ), dar a reu?it s? se pensioneze devreme ?i s? se concentreze pe sculptur? ?i pe cantat (bariton); Lucy Coxeter a fost o pictori?? de portrete ?i peisaje care a frecventat Academia Regal? de Arte. Un v?r din partea mamei a fost arhitectul Sir Giles Gilbert Scott. [20] [21]

In tinere?e, Coxeter a compus muzic? ?i a fost un pianist des?var?it la varsta de 10 ani. [22] El a sim?it c? matematica ?i muzica erau strans legate, prezentandu-?i ideile intr-un articol din 1962 despre ?Matematic? ?i muzic?” in Canadian Music Journal ( roman? Jurnalul Canadian de Muzic? ). [22]

A studiat la King Alfred School, Londra ?i la St George's School, Harpenden, unde cel mai bun prieten al s?u a fost John Flinders Petrie , ulterior un matematician, eponim pentru poligoanele Petrie . A fost acceptat la King's College, Cambridge in 1925, dar a decis s? petreac? un an studiind in speran?a de a fi admis la Trinity College , unde calitatea studiului matematicii era mai ridicat?. [23] Coxeter a ca?tigat o burs? de studii ini?iale ?i a mers la Trinity College in 1926 pentru a studia matematic?. Acolo ?i-a ob?inut licen?a (ca Senior Wrangler ?( d ) ) in 1928 ?i doctoratul in 1931. [22] [24] In 1932 a mers la Universitatea Princeton timp de un an ca membru Rockefeller Fellow, unde a lucrat cu Hermann Weyl, Oswald Veblen ?i Solomon Lefschetz. [24] Intorcandu-se la Trinity pentru un an, a participat la seminariile lui Ludwig Wittgenstein despre filosofia matematicii . [22] In 1934 a petrecut inc? un an la Princeton ca Procter Fellow. [24]

In 1936 Coxeter s-a mutat la Universitatea din Toronto. In 1938, el ?i Patrick Du Val , H.T. Flather ?i J.F. Petrie au publicat The Fifty-Nine Icosahedra (in roman? Cincizeci ?i nou? de icosaedre ) la editura University of Toronto Press . In 1940 Coxeter a editat a unsprezecea edi?ie a Jocurilor ?i eseurilor matematice ({{en| Mathematical Recreations and Essays), [25] publicat? ini?ial de Walter Willam Rouse Ball in 1892. A devenit profesor in 1948. Coxeter a fost ales membru al Royal Society of Canada ?( d ) ( roman? Societatea Regal? din Canada ) in 1948 ?i membru al Royal Society in 1950. L-a cunoscut pe Maurits Cornelis Escher in 1954 ?i cei doi au devenit prieteni pentru tot restul vie?ii; munca sa asupra figurilor geometrice a ajutat la inspirarea unora dintre lucr?rile lui Escher, in special seria Circle Limit ( roman? Limita cercului ), bazat? pe tesel?rile hiperbolice. De asemenea, el a inspirat cateva dintre inova?iile lui Buckminster Fuller . [24] Coxeter, Michael S. Longuet-Higgins ?i J. C. P. Miller au fost primii care au publicat lista complet? a poliedrelor uniforme , in 1954. [26]

In 1966 a participat la Congresul Matematicienilor ?inut la Moscova .

A lucrat timp de 60 de ani la Universitatea din Toronto ?i a publicat dou?sprezece c?r?i. Este cunoscut ca autor a numeroase scrieri intr-un stil clar ?i sugestiv. Domeniul tratat este destul de variat: geometrie neeuclidian? , cristalografie , teoria grupurilor , teoria re?elelor, geodezicele, geometria proiectiv? , geometria afin? , topologie etc.

Recunoa?teri ?i premii [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

Din 1978 Societatea Canadian? de Matematic? a acordat premiul Coxeter?James in onoarea sa.

A fost numit membru al Societ??ii Regale in 1950, iar in 1997 i s-a acordat Medalia Sylvester . [24] La 5 iunie 1975 a devenit membru str?in al Academiei Regale Neerlandeze de Arte ?i ?tiin?e . [27] In 1990 a devenit membru str?in al Academiei Americane de Arte ?i ?tiin?e ?( d ) , [28] iar in 1997 a devenit Companion al Ordinului Canadei . [29]

In 1973 a primit premiul Jeffery?Williams. [24]

O ?festschrift” (lucrare omagial?) in onoarea sa, The Geometric Vein , a fost publicat? in 1982. Con?inea 41 de eseuri despre geometrie, bazate pe un simpozion in onoarea lui Coxeter desf??urat la Toronto in 1979. [30]

Lucr?ri [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

  • 1940: Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes I , Mathematische Zeitschrift 46: 380-407, MR 2,10 doi:10.1007/BF01181449
  • 1942: Non-Euclidean Geometry (1st edition), [31] (2nd ed, 1947), (3rd ed, 1957), (4th ed, 1961), (5th ed, 1965), University of Toronto Press (6th ed, 1998), MAA.
  • 1954: (impreun? cu Michael S. Longuet-Higgins, J. C. P. Miller) "Uniform Polyhedra", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 246: 401?50 doi:10.1098/rsta.1954.0003
  • 1949: The Real Projective Plane [32]
  • 1957: (impreun? cu W.O.J. Moser) Generators and Relations for Discrete Groups , 1980: Second edition, Springer-Verlag ISBN 0-387-09212-9 [33] 1980: Second edition, Springer-Verlag ISBN: 0-387-09212-9
  • 1961: Introduction to Geometry [34] [35]
  • 1963: Regular Polytopes (2nd edition), Macmillan Company
  • 1967: (impreun? cu S. L. Greitzer) Geometry Revisited
  • 1970: Twisted honeycombs ( American Mathematical Society , 1970, Regional conference series in mathematics Number 4, ISBN 0-8218-1653-5 )
  • 1973: Regular Polytopes , (3rd edition), Dover edition, ISBN 0-486-61480-8
  • 1974: Projective Geometry (2nd edition)
  • 1974: Regular Complex Polytopes , Cambridge University Press
  • 1981: (impreun? cu R. Frucht, D. L. Powers), Zero-Symmetric Graphs ,Academic Press
  • 1985: Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes II , Mathematische Zeitschrift 188: 559?591
  • 1987 Projective Geometry (1987) ISBN 978-0-387-40623-7
  • 1988: Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes III , Mathematische Zeitschrift 200: 3?45
  • 1995: F. Arthur Sherk, Peter McMullen, Anthony C. Thompson, Asia Ivi? Weiss, editors: Kaleidoscopes ? Selected Writings of H.S.M. Coxeter . John Wiley and Sons ISBN 0-471-01003-0
  • 1999: The Beauty of Geometry: Twelve Essays , Dover Publications, LCCN 99-35678, ISBN 0-486-40919-8

Note [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

  1. ^ a b c d ?Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter” , Gemeinsame Normdatei , accesat in  
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j MacTutor History of Mathematics archive  
  3. ^ Genealogia matematicienilor  
  4. ^ , p. x https://books.google.cat/books?id=fUm5Mwfx8rAC   Lipse?te sau este vid: |title= ( ajutor )
  5. ^ , p. xi https://books.google.cat/books?id=fUm5Mwfx8rAC   Lipse?te sau este vid: |title= ( ajutor )
  6. ^ , p. 58 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rsbm.2006.0004   Lipse?te sau este vid: |title= ( ajutor )
  7. ^ Album Academicum , accesat in  
  8. ^ a b c , p. 63 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rsbm.2006.0004   Lipse?te sau este vid: |title= ( ajutor )
  9. ^ a b c d Autoritatea BnF , accesat in  
  10. ^ a b c d MacTutor History of Mathematics archive , accesat in  
  11. ^ a b Donald Coxeter (in englez?), RKDartists  
  12. ^ Find a Grave  
  13. ^ a b Donald Coxeter , RKDartists , accesat in  
  14. ^ Album Academicum , accesat in  
  15. ^ Autoritatea BnF , accesat in  
  16. ^ Czech National Authority Database , accesat in  
  17. ^ CONOR [*] [[ CONOR (authority control file for author and corporate names in Slovene system COBISS)|​]]   Verifica?i valoarea |titlelink= ( ajutor )
  18. ^ en Roberts, S.; Ivic Weiss, A. ( ). ?Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter. 9 February 1907 ? 31 March 2003: Elected FRS 1950”. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society . 52 : 45?66. doi : 10.1098/rsbm.2006.0004   Accesibil gratuit.  
  19. ^ en ?Geometry Revisited” . Mathematical Association of America . Arhivat din original la . Accesat in .  
  20. ^ en https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-89876?rskey=6NsgBZ&result=1
  21. ^ en Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, vol. 52, pp. 45-66, "Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter", Siobhan Roberts and Asia Ivic Weiss, Royal Society, 2006
  22. ^ a b c d en Siobhan Roberts, King of Infinite Space: Donald Coxeter, The Man Who Saved Geometry , Walker & Company, 2006, ISBN: 0-8027-1499-4
  23. ^ en Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, vol. 52, pp. 45-66, "Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter", Siobhan Roberts and Asia Ivic Weiss, Royal Society, 2006
  24. ^ a b c d e f O'Connor, John J. ; Robertson, Edmund F. , ?Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter” , MacTutor History of Mathematics archive , University of St Andrews   .
  25. ^ en Frame, J. S. ( ). ?Review: Mathematical Recreations and Essays, 11th edition, by W. W. Rouse Ball; revised by H. S. M. Coxeter” (PDF) . Bull. Amer. Math. Soc . 45 (3): 211?213. doi : 10.1090/S0002-9904-1940-07170-8 .  
  26. ^ en Harold Coxeter, Michael S. Longuet-Higgins, J. C. P. Miller. "Uniform Polyhedra", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 246: 401?50 doi : 10.1098/rsta.1954.0003
  27. ^ nl "H.S.M. Coxeter" , KNAW Historisch Ledenbestand (Digitaal Wetenschapshistorisch Centrum), accesat 2021-01-26
  28. ^ en Foreign Honorary Member elected 1990 [ nefunc?ional? ] 2016 American Academy of Arts & Sciences
  29. ^ en Order of Canada: Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter, C.C., Ph.D., D.Math., F.R.S. , archive.gg.ca, accesat 2021-01-09
  30. ^ en Edge, W. L. (iunie 1983). ?Review of The Geometric Vein ”. Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society . 26 (2): 284?285. doi : 10.1017/s0013091500017016   Accesibil gratuit.  
  31. ^ en Blumenthal, L. M. ( ). ?Review: Non-euclidean geometry by H. S. M. Coxeter” (PDF) . Bull. Amer. Math. Soc . 49 (9): 679?680. doi : 10.1090/s0002-9904-1943-07977-3 .  
  32. ^ en DuVal, Patrick ( ). ?Review: The real projective plane by H. S. M. Coxeter” (PDF) . Bull. Amer. Math. Soc . 56 (4): 376?378. doi : 10.1090/s0002-9904-1950-09414-2 .  
  33. ^ en Hall Jr., Marshall ( ). ?Review: Generators and relations for discrete groups by H. S. M. Coxeter and W. O. J. Moser” (PDF) . Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society . 64, Part 1 (3): 106?108. doi : 10.1090/S0002-9904-1958-10178-0 .  
  34. ^ en Freudenthal, H. ( ). ?Review: Introduction to geometry by H. S. M. Coxeter” (PDF) . Bull. Amer. Math. Soc . 68 (2): 55?59. doi : 10.1090/s0002-9904-1962-10714-9 .  
  35. ^ en Levi, H. ( ). ?Review: Introduction to Geometry by H. S. M. Coxeter”. The Journal of Philosophy . 60 (1): 19?21. doi : 10.2307/2023059 . JSTOR   2023059 .  
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