??????? ??????
? ??? ???????
????? ???
???????
?????
??????	? ?????? ????? ?????? [?]
???
????
???? ????
???/????
????? ???	??????? ???
???????? ???(?)	??????? ??? [?] [?]
? ???? ?????
?????	? ??? ?? ?   ? ????? ??? [?]
??????
???????
	?? ?? IMDB ?????
????

??????? ?????? (? ???? ?? ???? ? ??? ?????? ? ? ????? ??? ? ?????? ????) ?? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????????? ? ??? ????? ? ????? ? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?. ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ? ??? ????? ? ????? ? ????? ?? ???? ???? ? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??. ?? ? ????? ?? ?????? ? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??: ?????? ? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????. ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?. ^{[?] [?] [??]}

?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ≪? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ????≫ (Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave) ??. ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????. ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ? ????? ???? ??????? ? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ≪? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????≫ (Life and Times of Frederick Douglass) ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????. ?????? ? ??? ? ???? ?????? ? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???. ?? ?????? ??????????????? ???????? ? ?? ? ????? ???????? ? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??. ^{[??] [??] [??]}

? ????? ???? [ ???? ]

??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????. ? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ? ≪????? ?????≫ ?? ???? ?? ? ???? ??? ?????? ??. ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????: "?? ? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??"? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ≪?????? ?. ???????≫ ? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ≪???? ??????≫ ?? ? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??. ?? ?? ?? ? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ? ?????? ???? ? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????. ^{[??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??]}

? ?????? ????? [ ???? ]

?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ? ?? ? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?. ????? ??????? ≪????? ?????≫ ?? ???? ? ??? ?? ? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??: ???? ?? ≪??????????≫ ?. ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ≪???? ????≫ ? ?? ??? ≪??????? ??????? ??????? ????≫ ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ? ???? ? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??. ^{[??] [??] [??] [??]}

?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????: ^[??]

??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ? ??? ???? ? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??????... ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??... ? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???... ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??. ? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??.

??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ≪???? ????≫ ?? ????? ???? ≪?????≫ ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?. ??? ?? ≪????≫ ?? ???? ? ??? ???? ????? ??. ? ??????? ??? ?? ????? (?? ????????) ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????. ^{[??] [??]}

?? ????? ?? ????? [ ???? ]

?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ≪??????≫ ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?. ?? ???? ? ??? ?? ?? ?? ≪????????≫ ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ≪??? ????≫ ??? ????. ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??. ? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??. ???? ?? ?????? ?? ? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ? ?? ????? ???. ^[??]

?????? ? ???? ? ??? ? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ? ?????? ≪????? ????≫ ?? ≪???? ?????≫ ???? ?? ??? ?.

?????? ? ≪??????≫ ????? ?? ≪???????≫ ??? ?? ≪???? ?? ????≫ ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ? ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??. ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ??????-????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ????? (?? ????????) ???? ?????? ?? ? ??????? ? ??? ?? ????? ≪?????≫ ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?. ?????? ? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ≪????≫ ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ? ??? ? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??. ^{[??] [??] [??] [??]}

?????? ?? ???? ≪?????????≫ ???? ?? ?? ≪???? ?? ????≫ ?? ?? ????? ?????? ≪??????≫ ?? ??? ??? ??? ? ≪?????≫ ????? ≪??????????≫ ??? ?? ???? ??. ?? ??? ???? ? ≪?????≫ ???? ?? ????? ?? ? ???? ? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ? ????????? ≪????? ???≫ ?? ???? ?? ?? ? ????? ?? ???? ?. ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ? ????? ?? ????? ? ??? ???? ??? ≪????? ?????≫ ??? ??? ?? ????. ? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????: ^{[??] [??] [??]}

?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????. ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ??. ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??. ?? ???? ≪? ???? ?? ?????≫ ?? ≪??? ??????≫ ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ? ??????? ????? ? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??. ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???: "???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????." ???? ?? ?? ???? ? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ? ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ^[??]

????? ???? [ ???? ]

?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???: ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? (??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???).

?? ???? ? ??? ?? ? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????? ? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ≪??? ????≫ ??? ???? ???. ≪???≫ ? ?????? ? ????? ≪?????? ????≫ ??? ??. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??. ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????. ???? ?????? ? ?????? ? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???. ^{[??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??]}

????? [ ???? ]

?????? ? ???? ? ??? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ? ??? ? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???. ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ? ??? ? ???? ???? ?? ???? ? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??. ^[??]

?????? [ ???? ]

1. ↑ CERL Thesaurus ID: https://data.cerl.org/thesaurus/cnp00547741 ? ? ??? ????: ? ????? ???? ? ???????: Consortium of European Research Libraries ? ???????: Open Data Commons Attribution License ?? Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic
2. ↑ Find a Grave memorial ID: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6110193 ? ? ??? ????: ? ????? ????
3. ↑ Geni.com profile ID: https://www.geni.com/profile/index/6000000012153875412 ? ? ??? ????: ? ????? ????
4. ↑ https://libris.kb.se/katalogisering/42gkpjxn0rfpmmk ? ? ??? ????: ?? ???? ???? ? ? ?????? ????: ?? ???? ????
5. ↑ https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/conor/67914595
6. ↑ CONOR.SI ID: https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/si/sl/conor/67914595
7. ↑ ^{??? ???} https://www.nls.uk/exhibitions/treasures/frederick-douglass/autobiography
8. ↑ Gatewood Jr., Willard B. 1981. "Frederick Douglass and the Building of a 'Wall of Anti-Slavery Fire' 1845?1846. An Essay Review." The Florida Historical Quarterly 59(3):340?44. ?????:JSTOR .
9. ↑ Stewart, Roderick M. 1999. "The Claims of Frederick Douglass Philosophically Considered." Frederick Douglass: A Critical Reader , B. E. Lawson and F. M. Kirkland, eds., pp 155?56. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN   978-0-631-20578-4 . "Moreover, though he does not make the point explicitly, again the very fact that Douglass is ably disputing this argument on this occasion celebrating a select few's intellect and will (or moral character)?this fact constitutes a living counterexample to the narrowness of the pro-slavery definition of humans."
10. ↑ Matlack, James. 1979. "The Autobiographies of Frederick Douglass." Phylon (1960?) 40(1):15?28. doi : 10.2307/274419 . ?????:JSTOR . p. 16: "He spoke too well. … Since he did not talk, look, or act like a slave (in the eyes of Northern audiences), Douglass was denounced as an imposter."
11. ↑ Trotman, C. James (2011). Frederick Douglass: A Biography . Penguin Books. ? ???? ???? 118?119. ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-0-313-35036-8 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
12. ↑ Foner, Philip; Taylor, Yuval, ???????? (1999). Frederick Douglass: Selected Speeches and Writings . ? ???? ???? 629. ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   1556523491 . let us have liberty, law, and justice first. Let us have the Constitution, with its thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments, fairly interpreted, faithfully executed, and cheerfully obeyed in the fullness of their spirit and the completeness of their letter. ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
13. ↑ Frederick Douglass (1855). The Anti-Slavery Movement, A Lecture by Frederick Douglass before the Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society . Press of Lee, Mann & Company, Daily American Office. ? ???? ????  33 . ? ??????????? October 6, 2010 . My point here is, first, the Constitution is, according to its reading, an anti-slavery document; and, secondly, to dissolve the Union, as a means to abolish slavery, is about as wise as it would be to burn up this city, in order to get the thieves out of it. But again, we hear the motto, 'no union with slave-holders;' and I answer it, as the noble champion of liberty, N. P. Rogers , answered it with a more sensible motto, namely? ?????:' No union with slave-holding . ?????:' I would unite with anybody to do right; and with nobody to do wrong. ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
14. ↑ Frederick Douglass (1845). Narrative of the Life of an American Slave . ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   9781606209639 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? ) Frederick Douglass began his own story thusly: "I was born in Tuckahoe, near Hillsborough, and about twelve miles from Easton, in Talbot County, Maryland." (Tuckahoe is not a town; it refers to the area west of Tuckahoe Creek in Talbot County.)
15. ↑ Barker, Amanda. [1996]. " The Search for Frederick Douglass' Birthplace Archived December 7, 2014, at the Wayback Machine .. Choptank River Heritage . Retrieved June 14, 2020. Note that, though Barker's website devoted to the Douglass birthplace states that it could not be found with tour books and guides, that is no longer the case.
16. ↑ Barker, Don. February 4, 2014. " The Search for Frederick Douglass’s Birthplace Archived July 31, 2020, at the Wayback Machine .." Choptank River Heritage . Retrieved June 14, 2020.
17. ↑ " Frederick Douglass | Museums and Gardens ." Talbot Historic Society . 2016. Archived from the original on December 22, 2016. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
18. ↑ Frederick Douglass (1845). Narrative of the Life of an American Slave . ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   9781606209639 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? ) Frederick Douglass began his own story thusly: "I was born in Tuckahoe, near Hillsborough, and about twelve miles from Easton, in Talbot County, Maryland." (Tuckahoe is not a town; it refers to the area west of Tuckahoe Creek in Talbot County.) In successive autobiographies, Douglass gave more precise estimates of when he was born, his final estimate being 1817.
19. ↑ February 14: Frederick Douglass Archived June 15, 2020, at the Wayback Machine .. The Florida Center for Instructional Technology . US: University of South Florida . 2020.
20. ↑ Dickson J. Preston (1980). Young Frederick Douglass: The Maryland Years . Johns Hopkins University Press. ? ???? ???? 9. ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
21. ↑ Davis, F. James (November 1, 2010). Who is Black? One Nation's Definition . Penn State Press. ? ???? ???? 5. ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-0271044637 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
22. ↑ Gopnik, Adam (October 15, 2018). "American Prophet". The New Yorker . ? ???? ???? 76. ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
23. ↑ Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave , ch. XI.
24. ↑ Douglass, Frederick (1851). Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave. Written by himself (??? 6). London: H.G. Collins. ? ???? ???? 10. ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
25. ↑ Sterngass, Jon. 2009. Frederick Douglass , ( Leaders of the Civil War era ) . Chelsea House Publishers . ISBN   1604133066 . pp. 16 Archived June 15, 2020, at the Wayback Machine ., 132 Archived June 15, 2020, at the Wayback Machine ..
26. ↑ McFeely, William S. (1991). Frederick Douglass . New York: W.W. Norton & Company. ? ???? ???? 3?5. ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-0-393-02823-2 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
27. ↑ Keita, Michelle Nzadi; Jones, James (2010). "Murray-Douglass, Anna (1813?1882)". In Thompson, Julius E.; Conyers, James L. Jr.; Dawson, Nancy J. (????????). The Frederick Douglass Encyclopedia . Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ? ???? ????  124 . ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-0-313-31988-4 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
28. ↑ "Today in African-American Transportation History ? 1818: Frederick Douglass Begins His Journey into History" . Transportation History . American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. February 14, 2018. ?????? ? ???? ??? July 31, 2020 . ? ??????????? February 10, 2020 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
29. ↑ " " JUNETEENTH|Historic Panels Commemorating Frederick Douglass' Escape Unveiled In Canton " " . ?????? ? ???? ??? June 20, 2021 . ? ??????????? June 20, 2021 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
30. ↑ " " Panels honoring Frederick Douglass to be unveiled at Canton waterfront " " . ?????? ? ???? ??? June 24, 2021 . ? ??????????? June 20, 2021 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
31. ↑ " " Historic Panels Commemorate Frederick Douglass' Escape From Slavery In Canton " " . ?????? ? ???? ??? June 24, 2021 . ? ??????????? June 20, 2021 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
32. ↑ Keita, Michelle Nzadi; Jones, James (2010). "Murray-Douglass, Anna (1813?1882)". In Thompson, Julius E.; Conyers, James L. Jr.; Dawson, Nancy J. (????????). The Frederick Douglass Encyclopedia . Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ? ???? ????  124 . ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-0-313-31988-4 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
33. ↑ Yee, Shirley (February 11, 2007). "Anna Murray Douglass (C. 1813-1882)" . BlackPast.org . ?????? ? ???? ??? September 2, 2021 . ? ??????????? February 27, 2011 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
34. ↑ Martin, Waldo E., Jr. (1984). The Mind of Frederick Douglass . Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press. ? ???? ????  15 . ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-0-8078-4148-8 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
35. ↑ (?? February 17, 2008 ?????) . Discovering Anna Murray Douglass . South Coast Today .
36. ↑ Keita, Michelle Nzadi; Jones, James (2010). "Murray-Douglass, Anna (1813?1882)". In Thompson, Julius E.; Conyers, James L. Jr.; Dawson, Nancy J. (????????). The Frederick Douglass Encyclopedia . Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ? ???? ????  125 . ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-0-313-31988-4 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
37. ↑ Blight, David W. (2018). Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom . New York: Simon & Schuster. ? ???? ???? 290?291, 387. ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-1-4165-9031-6 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
38. ↑ Blight, David W. (2018). Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom . New York: Simon & Schuster. ? ???? ???? 521?522, 529, 570, 572?574. ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-1-4165-9031-6 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
39. ↑ Adam Gopnik, "American Prophet: The gifts of Frederick Douglass", The New Yorker , October 15, 2018, pp. 81?82
40. ↑ "Fatal Attraction" . archive.nytimes.com . ?????? ? ???? ??? May 23, 2018 . ? ??????????? ?? ??? ???? . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
41. ↑ McFeely, William S. (1991). Frederick Douglass . New York: W.W. Norton & Company. ? ???? ????  322 . ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-0-393-02823-2 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
42. ↑ Frederick Douglass biography Archived February 11, 2006, at the Wayback Machine . at winningthevote.org. Retrieved October 3, 2006.
43. ↑ Lovett Douglass, Marilyn D. (2010). "Helen Pitts (1838?1903)". In Thompson, Julius E.; Conyers, James L. Jr.; Dawson, Nancy J. (????????). The Frederick Douglass Encyclopedia . Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ? ???? ????  46 . ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   978-0-313-31988-4 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
44. ↑ "Later Years and Death" . Frederick Douglass Heritage . ?????? ? ???? ??? December 21, 2020 . ? ??????????? September 21, 2017 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )