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Kempen Sicily
|
---|
Sebahagian daripada
Kempen Itali
dalam
Perang Dunia II
|
Peta pendaratan tentera amfibia Bersekutu di Sicily, 10 Julai 1943, sebagai sebahagian daripada Operasi Husky.
|
Tarikh
| 9 Julai ? 17 Ogos 1943
|
---|
Lokasi
| |
---|
Keputusan
|
Kemenangan Bersekutu
|
---|
|
Pihak yang terlibat
|
---|
Pihak Bersekutu
:
United Kingdom
Amerika Syarikat
Kanada
Perancis Bebas
[1]
|
Kuasa Paksi
:
Itali
Jerman Nazi
|
Komandan dan pemimpin
|
---|
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Harold Alexander
Bernard Montgomery
George S. Patton
Arthur Tedder
Andrew Cunningham
|
Alfredo Guzzoni
Rodolfo Graziani
Albert Kesselring
Fridolin von Senger und Etterlin
Hans-Valentin Hube
|
Kekuatan
|
---|
Awal kekuatan:
160,000 anggota
14,000 kenderaan
600 kereta kebal
1,800 meriam
[2]
Puncak kekuatan:
467,000 anggota
[3]
|
252,000 anggota Itali
[4]
[5]
40,000?60,000 anggota Jerman
[3]
[6]
260 kereta kebal
1,400 pesawat
[7]
|
Kerugian dan korban
|
---|
United Kingdom dan Kanada
:
[8]
2,721 terkorban
7,939 cedera
2,183 hilang
Amerika Syarikat
:
[8]
2,811 terbunuh
6,471 cedera
686 hilang
|
Itali
:
[9]
4,678 terbunuh
32,500 cedera
152,933 hilang/POW
Jerman
:
[9]
4,325 terbunuh
13,500 cedera
10,106 hilang/POW
|
Penyerbuan Bersekutu ke atas Sicily
, nama kod
Operasi Husky
, adalah sebuah kempen besar
Perang Dunia II
, yang mana
pihak Bersekutu
menawan pulau
Sicily
daripada
kuasa Paksi
(
Itali
dan
Nazi Jerman
). Ia bermula dengan
operasi
amfibia
dan
airborne
yang besar, diikuti oleh kempen darat selama enam minggu, dan memulakan
Kempen Itali
.
Husky
bermula pada malam 9/10 Julai 1943, dan berakhir pada 17 Ogos. Secara strategiknya,
Husky
mencapai sasaran yang ditetapkan oleh para perancang Bersekutu; pihak Sekutu menghalau angkatan udara, darat dan laut Paksi daripada pulau itu dan
jalan laut
Mediterranean
telah dibuka untuk kapal-kapal dagang Sekutu buat pertama kalinya sejak tahun 1941. Pemimpin Itali,
Benito Mussolini
, telah
digulingkan
dari tampuk kuasa di Itali dan laluan dibuka untuk
penyerbuan Bersekutu ke atas Itali
. Pemimpin Jerman,
Adolf Hitler
, "membatalkan satu
ofensif besar di Kursk
hanya selepas seminggu, sebahagiannya untuk mengalihkan bala tentera ke Itali," mengakibatkan kekuatan Jerman berkurangan di
Barisan Timur
.
[10]
- ^
Gaujac, p. 68
- ^
Mitcham & von Stauffenberg (2007), p. 63
- ^
a
b
Mitcham & von Stauffenberg (2007), p. 307
- ^
Le Operazioni in Sicilia e in Calabria (Luglio-Settembre 1943), Alberto Santoni, p.400, Stato maggiore dell'Esercito, Ufficio storico, 1989
- ^
Including Navy and Air Force personnel.
- ^
Shaw, p.119
- ^
Dickson(2001) p. 201
- ^
a
b
Hart, Basil H. Liddel (1970).
A History of the Second World War
. London, Weidenfeld Nicolson. m/s. 627.
- ^
a
b
Ufficio storico dello Stato Maggiore dell'Esercito (USSME) (1993).
Le operazioni in Sicilia e in Calabria
. Rome. m/s. 400?401.
- ^
Atkinson 2007
, halaman 172
- Alexander, Harold (12 February 1948),
The Conquest of Sicily from 10 July 1943 to 17 August 1943
, Alexander's Despatches
published in
"No. 38205"
.
The London Gazette
(2nd supplement). 10 February 1948. m/s. 1009?1025.
- Atkinson, Rick (2007),
The Day of Battle, The War in Sicily and Italy, 1943?1944
, The Liberation Trilogy,
II
, New York: Henry Holt,
ISBN
978-0-8050-6289-2
- Bimberg, Edward L. (1999),
The Moroccan Goums
, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood,
ISBN
0-313-30913-2
- Birtle, Andrew J. (1993),
Sicily 1943
, The U.S. Army WWII Campaigns, Washington:
United States Army Center of Military History
,
ISBN
0-16-042081-4
, CMH Pub 72-16
- Brown, Shaun R. G. (1984).
The Loyal Edmonton Regiment at war, 1943?1945
(M.A.). Waterloo, Ont: Wilfrid Laurier University.
OCLC
827992837
.
- Carver, Field Marshal Lord
(2001),
The Imperial War Museum Book of the War in Italy 1943?1945
, London: Sidgwick & Jackson,
ISBN
0-330-48230-0
- Copp, Terry; McGreer, Eric; Symes, Matt (2008),
The Canadian Battlefields in Italy: Sicily and Southern Italy
, Waterloo: Laurier Centre for Military, Strategic and Disarmament Studies
- Costanzo, Ezio (2003),
Sicilia 1943: breve storia dello sbarco alleato
(dalam bahasa Italian), Catania, Italy: Le Nove Muse,
ISBN
88-87820-21-X
CS1 maint: unrecognized language (
link
)
- D'Este, Carlo (2008),
Bitter Victory: The Battle for Sicily 1943
, London: Arum Press,
ISBN
978-1-84513-329-0
- Dickson, Keith (2001),
World War II for Dummies
, New York City,
ISBN
9780764553523
- Ferguson, Gregor; Lyles, Kevin (1984),
The Paras 1940?1984: British airborne forces 1940?1984
, Oxford: Osprey,
ISBN
0-85045-573-1
- Follain, John (2005),
Mussolini's Island: The Invasion of Sicily Through The Eyes Of Those Who Witnessed The Campaign
, London: Hodder & Stoughton,
ISBN
0-34083-362-9
- Grigg, John (1982),
1943: The Victory that Never Was
, London: Kensington,
ISBN
0-8217-1596-8
- Hinsley, F. H. (1994) [1993],
British Intelligence in the Second World War. Its influence on Strategy and Operations (abridged edition)
, History of the Second World War (ed. 2nd rev.), London:
HMSO
,
ISBN
0-11-630961-X
CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (
link
)
- Holland, James (2004),
Fortress Malta: An Island Under Siege, 1940?1943
, London: Phoenix,
ISBN
978-0-30436-654-5
- Hoyt, Edwin P. (2007) [2002],
Backwater War: The Allied Campaign in Italy, 1943?45
, Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books,
ISBN
978-0-8117-3382-3
- Jowett, Philip S.; Stephen, A. (2001),
The Italian Army 1940?45
, Oxford: Osprey,
ISBN
1-85532-866-6
- Mitcham, Samuel W.; von Stauffenberg, Friedrich (2007) [1991],
The Battle of Sicily: How the Allies Lost Their Chance for Total Victory
, Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books,
ISBN
0-8117-3403-X
- Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.
; and Molony, Brigadier C. J. C.; with Flynn, Captain F. C. (
RN
); Gleave, Group Captain T. P. (2004) [1st. pub.
HMSO
1966],
Butler, J. R. M.
(penyunting),
The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Destruction of the Axis Forces in Africa
, History of the Second World War United Kingdom Military Series,
IV
, Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press,
ISBN
1-84574-068-8
- Molony, Brigadier C. J. C.; with Flynn, Captain F.C. (RN); Davies, Major-General H. L.; Gleave, Group Captain T. P. (2004) [1st. pub.
HMSO
: 1973],
Butler, Sir James
(penyunting),
The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Campaign in Sicily 1943 and The Campaign in Italy 3 September 1943 to 31 March 1944
, History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series,
V
, Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press,
ISBN
1-84574-069-6
- Shaw, A. (2002) [2000],
World War II: Day by Day
, Hoo: Grange,
ISBN
1-84013-363-5
- Tomblin, Barbara (2004),
With Utmost Spirit: Allied Naval Operations in the Mediterranean, 1942?1945
, Lexington: University Press of Kentucky,
ISBN
0-8131-2338-0
- Zabecki, David T. (1995).
"Operation Mincemeat"
.
World War II Magazine
. History Net (November 1995)
. Dicapai pada
5 August
2015
.
CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (
link
)
- Zuehlke, Mark (2010),
Operation Husky: the Canadian invasion of Sicily, July 10 ? August 7, 1943
, Douglas & McIntyre,
ISBN
1-55365-539-7
- Describes Operation Mincemeat
- Italian 3rd Battalion, 34th Regiment, "Livorno" Infantry Division in the Gela Beachhead Counterattack
- Husky Operations Plan Sicily
Diarkibkan
2010-11-17 di
Wayback Machine
- Excerpt from The Day Of Battle by Rick Atkinson
- March From The Beaches, Time, 26 July 1943
[
pautan mati kekal
]
- Canadians in Sicily, 1943 Canadians in Sicily: Photos, battle info, video footage and newspaper archives
- World War Two Online Newspaper Archives ? The Sicilian and Italian Campaigns, 1943?1945
- Operation Husky: The Allied Invasion of Sicily, 1943 by Thomas E. Nutter
- Royal Engineers Museum Royal Engineers and Second World War (Sicily)
- 2nd World War Best of Sicily History of the Allied Campaign and its social context
- The 82nd Airborne during World War II
- Historical Museum of the Military Invasion of Sicily, 1943
(Museo Storico dello Sbarco in Sicilia 1943) Dedicated to the historical event which culminated in the liberation of Sicily and Italy from the German occupation
- German Soldiers' Cemetery, Motta S. Anastasia, Sicily (in German)
- Commonwealth War Cemetery, Catania, Sicily
- Syracuse War Cemetery, Sicily
- Agira Canadian War Cemetery, Sicily
- Sicily-Rome American Cemetery and Memorial
- COHQ bulletin Y6 digest of reports on Operation 'Husky'
- COHQ bulletin Y1 notes on the planning and assault phase of the Sicilian operation
- 45th Infantry Division in the Sicilian Campaign
- The Irish Brigade 1941?47 account of the 38th (Irish) Brigade in Sicily in August 1943
- Licata Landing La Vedettaonline
- Sicily and the Surrender of Italy/Landing at Mollarella Beach
- US Official History
- Agrigento-Licata from 10?16 July
- [1]
Husky Planning on 10 July 1943