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Psychology
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psyche
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logus
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??????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ???. ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????. ????? ???? ????????????? ??? ?????? ?????.'?????' ?? ?? ???, ??????, ????? ? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???. ???????? '?????????' ???????????? ?????? ???? ???? ????. ?? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????. ???????? '????? ???????' ????? '?????? ??????? ???????'(the science of mental life) ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????. ?? ????? ?????????????? ????????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????
(???.???????,?????,????? ?.)'????? ??????? ???????? ????, ????? ?.?.???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????. ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????. ??? ????? ???? ???????? (behaviourisim)?? ?????? ???????? ????. ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????. ???? ?????????? ????? ????????? ???. ???????? ?.?. ???? ???? ???????
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????? ?? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ? ????????????????? ???, ???? ?? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???.
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?????????????? ?????? ???????????- ??????????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????????? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????. ?????????? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ??? ????. ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??????????????????? ?????? ??????? ???. ??????? ? ????????? ?? ??? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ????? ? ????????? ?????? ????. ?????????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ????. ??????? ????????? ??????????? ? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ????. ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????. ??????????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????. ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????. ?????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ????. ?? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???. ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???. ??????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?? ???? ???. ???? ??????????? ??? ??????????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????.
??????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????
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2. ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???
??????????? ????? ???????????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????????????????? 1879 ????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???????????????? ????? ????????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????
3. ???????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???
????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? 1900 ????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ???? ????
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?????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????. ??????? ??????, ?????????? ?? ????? ????????????? ????????? ????? ? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???. ???????????? (?.?.?????.???-???) ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ???. ?????? ????? Psychology ?????? '????????? ?????? ?????? ???????' ?? ???????? ????? ??? ????. Psyche (????) ?????? ????? ? logus (????) ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ????. ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????.'De Anima' ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???. ???????? ?????? Psyche ?? ?????? ?????? ????. ??????????????? ??????? ??????, ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??????, ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????. ?????? ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????. ???? ????????????????? ???? ?????????, ???????. ?????? ????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????. ?.? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????.?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???.'?? ????; ??????? ?? ??' ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ???. ???? ???????????? ??????, ?????, ???????????? ?????? ????. ?????? ???, ???, ??????? ??????? ???????-????? ?????????? ?? ? ???? ????? ???????? ????????, ??????????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????. ????? ????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???, ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???. ??????? ?????? ?? ????????????????? ??? ???.
????????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????. ???? ????????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????. ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ???.????????????-
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??????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ????. ???????? ???????? ????, ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ????. ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???, ?????????? ????????, ?????????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????. ??????????-??????? ????????? ????????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ????. ?? ???????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ????. ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???. ????????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ???.?? '???? ??? ??? ???' ???? ????? ???. ?????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ??? ?? ???? ???. ???? ??? ????.
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?? ???????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???,???? ??? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????.?????? ???????? ???? ??????????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????.????? ?????? ???????.?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????????????? ?????. ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????.????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????. ?? ?? ?????????? ????? ???. ?????????????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????.???????? ????? ????. ?? ??????????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ????. ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ????. ???? ???? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??, ?? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? (?????????? ???? ???????) ???. ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??????????????? ???????????????????? ???? ??? ??? ????. ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????, ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????.
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???????? ??? ????.?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???. ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????, ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??, ??????????????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????. ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ????.
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?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????.???? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????. ????? ???????? ????? (?????????? ???????? ????? ????) ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????, ??? ?? ?????????????? ?? ????? ???. ???? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????. ?????????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ?? ????????????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ????.
?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???,.?? ??? ?? ???? ????????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ????. ???? ????????????? ????? ? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????. ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????.???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????. ???? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????. ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????. ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????.
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??????????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????????? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????. ?????????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????. ?. ?. ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??????????????????? ?????? ??????? ???. ?????? ? ????????? ?? ??? ??????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ????? ? ????????? ?????? ????. ???????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ????. ??????? ??????????? ? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ????. ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????. ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????. ?????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ????. ?? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??? ???. ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????.
???????????????? ????????/ ?????? :-
????????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ????? ??, ?????, ?????, ?????? ???????? ?????? ????. ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ???? ????. ????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ????. ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????? ????? ?????. ???????????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ? ?????? ?????????????? ??? ????? ????. ??????? ???????????????? ???????????? ???????? ????? ???????.
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- . ???????? ? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???.
- . ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???.
????? ?????? ????: ??????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????, ???????, ?????? ????-??????, ??????, ?????? ? ??????? ?????? ????. ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????. ???? ??????? ? ?????????? ?????? ?????-????? ???? ????. ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???.
" ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???"
???????? ?????:-
??????? - ??????? ??? - ???????????
???????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????.
?????????????? ???????? (Definition of psychology):-
- . ??????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ???.-?????? ??.???? (????)
- . ??????????? ?????? ????? ? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ???.-????? ???????(????)
?????????????? ??? ? ?????:-
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??????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???. ???????? ?????????????? ???? ? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ???. ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????? ???? ????. ??????????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????. ?????????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ????. ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????, ??? ????? ?? ?????? ? ????????? ?????? ????.
????????? ???????-
?????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???.
psyche- ?????? ????? ???logos ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????, ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ??? ???????????? ????? ????? ????. ??? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ??????. ?? ?? ? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ????; ??? ????? ? ????????? ??? ??? ????, ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????. ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????, ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ???.
??????????? ??????
??????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????. ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????. ???????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????. ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ? ????????? ???, ??????? ? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????. ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????. ???????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????.
???? ???????? ??????
?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????????? ???? (??) ? ????????? ????????????? ????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????. ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????. ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ?? ????, ??? ????? ?? ???????????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ????? ?????.
?????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? :
?????????????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???????????????? ?????? ????
?? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????
??????????????? ????? ???????? :
????????? ???????????- ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? "??????? ????????? ????? ??????" ?? ?????? ??????. ?????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ???? ????. ??? ????? ???????? ??? ? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ????, ???? ?????? ???? ???. ?????? ???? ?? ????????? "????? ?????" ?? ???????????? ? ?????????? ???????????????? ????? ??????? ??????, ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????????, ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ????. ???? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????. ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????. ?????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????. ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????. ???????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ????. ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??? ????. ???? ??????????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????. ???????? ????????????? ?????, ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???. ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????????????????? DSM-IV-TR ??? ???????? ??????? ????.. ?? ????????????? ?????? ?????????? (mental illness ??) ????????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????. ???????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????. ??? ?? ????????, ???????? ????? ? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????. ???? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???. ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????. ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???. ??? ???????? ???? ???????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???????.
????????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???. ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????. ?? ?????? ????????????????? ????????? ?????????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????. ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ????????(APA) ???????????????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????. ????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????, ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????. ??????? ???? ???? ???????????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????????????????? ??????? ????? ????? ???. ?????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??? ???. ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????, ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????. ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????. ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ???????? ???????, ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????,??????? ?????, ?????? ????, ????? ????????? ??????, ????,??????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????. ?? ?????? ????????? ?????????????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????????? ???????????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???.????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????????????? ????. ????, ???????????, ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????????????? ???? ????. ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????. ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????. ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????. ???? ???????????????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????. ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????. ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????. ????????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?????????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ????. ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????. ???????? ????????? ??????????? ??????,?????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????.
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- ^
A, Bhagvatwar P. (1978).
Upyojit Manasshastra
(??????? ?????). M.V.G.N.M.