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Birch
Silver Birch
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(unranked):
(unranked):
(unranked):
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Betula

Species

Many species;
see text and classification

Synonyms [1]

?????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ?????? . ??????????? ??? Birch ?????? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????????????.Betula ???? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????????????. ?????????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????.

??? ??? ????????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ? ????????. ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????. [2] ?????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????.

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  1. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=21065
  2. Ashburner, K. & McAllister, H.A. (2013). The genus Betula : a taxonomic revision of birches: 1-431. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. Sanjukta Gupta, "Lak?m? Tantra: A P?ncar?tra Text", Brill Archive, 1972, ISBN 90-04-03419-6 . Snippet: ... the text recommends that the bark of the Himalayan birch tree (bhurja-patra) should be used for scribbling mantras ...
  4. Amalananda Ghosh, "An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology", BRILL, 1990, ISBN 90-04-09264-1 . Snippet: ... Bhurja-patra, the inner bark on the birch tree grown in the Himalayan region, was a very common writing material ...
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??????????? [ ????????? ]

  • Tree Family Betulaceae Diagnostic photos of many species, Morton Arboretum specimens
  • Eichhorn, Markus (July 2010). "The Birch Tree" . Test Tube . Brady Haran for the University of Nottingham .