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( ???????? ??? ??????????????)
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Lyðveldið Island
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Flag of Iceland
Flag
Anthem:   Lofsongur
Location of ಐಸ್‍ಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್ (orange) in Europe (white)
Location of ??????????? (orange)

in Europe  (white)

Capital ?????????
Largest city ???????
Official languages ????????????? ????
Demonym(s) Icelander
Government ?????????? ???????
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? Water (%)
?.?
Population
? ???? ???? estimate
311,396 1 ( ????? )
? ???????? ???? census
229,187
GDP   ( PPP ) ???? estimate
? Total
$12.172 ??????? ( ????? )
? Per capita
40,277 (2005) ( ??? )
GDP   (nominal) ???? estimate
? Total
$16.579 ??????? ( ???? )
? Per capita
$54,858 ( ??? )
HDI   (????) Increase 0.960
Error: Invalid HDI value  ·  ???
Currency ????????????? ????? ( ISK )
Time zone UTC +0 ( GMT )
? Summer ( DST )
not observed
Calling code 354
ISO 3166 code IS
Internet TLD .is
  1. "Statistics Iceland" . www.statice.is. 1 December 2006 . {{ cite web }} : Check date values in: |date= ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |accessdaymonth= ignored ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored ( |access-date= suggested) ( help )

??????????? , ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ([ Island or Lyðveldið Island ] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup ( help ) ) ????? ?????? ? ???? ???????????? . ?????? ? ??? ??? ????? ?????????????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????????. [?] ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? .

? ????? ???? ????? 1,03,000 ?.???? ????????????????? ?.?. 63024??-66032?? ???? ?.??. 13030??-24030?? ?? ????? ???????. ?????? ?????: ??????? ?????????????, ????? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????????????? ?????????????????. ???????????? ????? ??????? ???????????. ???????? ????? ????????????? ????. ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????????????????? ??????? ??? ???????????????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???????. 200 ???? ?????? ????? ??????????. ??????? (1695 ??), ???????? (2119 ??) ?????? ????? ????????????. ????????????? ????????? ??????, ???? ?????????, ??? ???? ???????? ???? ????????. ????????, ????, ????, ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????.


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??? ??????? ??????? ???????. ???? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????????. ???????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????? 10º ??, ??????????? 1º?? ????????????. ???? ?? ???????????? -100?? ???? ????? ????????????? ?????????????.

Reykjavik , Iceland (1961?1990)? ?????? ???????
?????? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ????? ? ?? ????
???? ?????? °C (°F) 1.9
(35.4) 		2.8
(37) 		3.2
(37.8) 		5.7
(42.3) 		9.4
(48.9) 		11.7
(53.1) 		13.3
(55.9) 		13.0
(55.4) 		10.1
(50.2) 		6.8
(44.2) 		3.4
(38.1) 		2.2
(36) 		7.0
(44.6)
???? ?????? °C (°F) ?3.0
(26.6) 		?2.1
(28.2) 		?2.0
(28.4) 		0.4
(32.7) 		3.6
(38.5) 		6.7
(44.1) 		8.3
(46.9) 		7.9
(46.2) 		5.0
(41) 		2.2
(36) 		?1.3
(29.7) 		?2.8
(27) 		1.9
(35.4)
Source #1: Icelandic Meteorological Office [?]
Source #2: All Icelandic weather station climatic monthly means [?]
Akureyri , Iceland (1961?1990)? ?????? ???????
?????? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ????? ? ?? ????
???? ?????? °C (°F) 0.9
(33.6) 		1.7
(35.1) 		2.1
(35.8) 		5.4
(41.7) 		9.5
(49.1) 		13.2
(55.8) 		14.5
(58.1) 		13.9
(57) 		9.9
(49.8) 		5.9
(42.6) 		2.6
(36.7) 		1.3
(34.3) 		6.7
(44.1)
???? ?????? °C (°F) ?5.5
(22.1) 		?4.7
(23.5) 		?4.2
(24.4) 		?1.5
(29.3) 		2.3
(36.1) 		6.0
(42.8) 		7.5
(45.5) 		7.1
(44.8) 		3.5
(38.3) 		0.4
(32.7) 		?3.5
(25.7) 		?5.1
(22.8) 		0.2
(32.4)
Source #1: Icelandic Meteorological Office [?]
Source #2: All Icelandic weather station climatic monthly means [?]

???????? [ ???????? ]

?????????????? ?????????? ????? ??????, ????, ????????, ???-??-???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ????????, ?????? ??????????? ????????????. ?????????????? ????? ??? ???, ?????, ???? ????? ????????????.

????????? [ ???????? ]

The Arctic fox is the only indigenous land mammal in Iceland and was the only land mammal before the arrival of humans.

??? ??? ??????????? ??????, ????????, ???????, ???????, ??????, ??????? ??? ???????? ????????????.

??????? [ ???????? ]

19??? ??????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????. ???? ???? ????????, ????????, ????????????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????. ???????????? ?????????, ???????, ???????, ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????????. ?????? ????? ??????????????????????? ??????? ????.

?????????? [ ???????? ]

??? ????????????, ????????????????? ????, ??, ????, ????????, ???????????? ??????????. ?? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ????, ????????, ?????????, ?????????????? ??????????.

?????????? [ ???????? ]

??? ?????? ????????????. ??????????, ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????, ????????? ???????? ?????????. ???? ??? ?????? ??????????.

???????? [ ???????? ]

???? ???????? ?????? ???????????????????. ??? ???????????? ???? ????????, ???????, ??????, ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ???????. ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????????? ??????????? ????? ??????????????.

?? [ ???????? ]

???????? ?? ???????????. 19??? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????, ?????????? ????????????. ?? ???????? ?????? ?????????. ??? ???? ????????????. ?? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????. ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ???????????. 9??? ?????????? ??????, ???????????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????????. 1242 ????? ?????? ???? ????????????? ????? ??????????? ????????. 1944 ????? ???????? ??????????????. ????? ???? ?????? ????????????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ???????.

???????? [ ???????? ]

?,??,???(????). ????? ?.???? ?? ?.?? ????? ??????????. ??????????????????? 4 ????? ?????? ????? ????????????. 35 ????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????????. ???????? ?????, ?????? ????? ???????????????? ?????????????. 8 ??? ????????????????. ? ???? ??????? ?????????. ???????? 1,03,036 (2002). ????? ??????.

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???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????. ?????? ???????, ??????? ??????????? ?????????????????. ???? ??????, ?????, ??????????, ???????? ????????, ???????? ??????, ???????? ???? ?????????????? ???? ???????????????????. ??? ??????????, ??????????, ????????, ?????????, ???, ?????????, ??????, ??????, ??????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ???????????. (???.??.)

??????? [ ???????? ]

Norsemen landing in Iceland ? a 19th-century depiction by Oscar Wergeland

??????? ????????????? ???.?. 4??? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????????. ???? 9??? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????????. ????????? ????????? 9??? ?????????? ???????? ???????????????. ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????. ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????????. ???.?. 870????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????????. ????? 60 ?????????? ????? ???? ????????? ????????. ???????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????. ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????????. 981????? ??????? ??????????? ???.?. 1000? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????. 19??? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????????, ????? ???????, ?????? ??????????, ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ??????????????? ????????. ?????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????????????. ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????????. 1380???? ???????????? ??????? ? ??? 1944????? ??????????????. ?????? ???????.

????????? [ ???????? ]

  1. ↑ "CIA - The World Fact book -- Iceland" . Government . United States Government . July 20 , 2006 . Archived from the original on 2020-05-18 . Retrieved 2007-09-29 . {{ cite web }} : Check date values in: |date= ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored ( |access-date= suggested) ( help )
  2. ↑ ?.? ?.? Icelandic Climatic Data Archived 15 July 2013 ???????? ?????? ?????. (English introduction), Veðurstofa Islands (Icelandic Meteorological Office)
  3. ↑ ?.? ?.? celandic weather stations Archived 23 March 2022 ???????? ?????? ?????. from above site

????? ???????? [ ???????? ]

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" https://kn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=???????????&oldid=1230843 " ??? ?????????????