?????? ????????

?????? ????????
???. ??????	1 ?????? , 1865
???. ??????	????
????. ??????	23 ?????????? , 1929 (64 ????)
????. ??????	????????? , ????????
??????????????	??????????? ????????
???????????	???????
??????????	???????? , ???????? , ????????????? ?? ?????????
???????? ??????	?????????? ???????????? , ?????????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ????????????
????-??????	????? ???????????? , ?????? ????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ????? ????????? ????????????
????	Adolf Zsigmondy
???????(??)?	Jen? Zsigmondy
????????	??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?. ????????? ?????
	??????? ?????????
	?????? ???????? ????????????

?????? ????? ???????? ( ????. Richard Adolf Zsigmondy ; ?. 1 ?????? , 1865 ? ?. 23 ?????????? , 1929 ) ? ???????? - ??????? ???????? . ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????, ?????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????, 1925 ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? . ???????? ???-??? ??????? , ??? ???????????? ????? ?????????? ???????“.

????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

??????? ????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

???????? ??????? ?????? , ???????? ????????? . ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ????. ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? . ??? ?????? ??? 1880 ???? ????????? ???? ???????????, ??? ???????? ??????? ??????????????? ????????? ????. ??????? ??? ??-??????? ????? ?????????????? ??? ????????????? . ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ???????? . ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? , ?????? ??? ???-???? ??????? ????????????. ??????? ??????? ?????????????? ??? ????????????????? ????????????? , ????????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? , ??? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????????.

??? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ??????, ????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????????? , ???? ?????? ????????? ????????????? , ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ( 1848 - 1899 ) ????????? ?????????. 1889 ????, ????????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????. ^[23]

?????? ???????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

1903 ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???????. ?????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????????, ???????? ?? ?????. 1929 ???? ??????????? ?????????? , ?????????? .

??? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ????, ???? ?????????? ????? ????????? ????????.

???? ??????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?????? ???????? ?????? Nobelprize.org including the Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1926 Properties of Colloids
Mappes, Timo. (2012) Immersionsultramikroskop nach R. Zsigmondy von Winkel-Zeiss, Gottingen . Immersion ultramicroscope with optics as of the 1912 patent . ????????? ??????: 2012-11-02.

?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Bibliotheque nationale de France BnF authorities : ????????? ??? ?????????? ? 2011.
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19938912 "></a><a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54837 "></a><a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q193563 "></a>
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Encyclopædia Britannica
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↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 SNAC ? 2010.
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↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Who Named It?
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↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ?????????? ????????????
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↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Gran Enciclopedia Catalana ? Grup Enciclopedia , 1968.
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256 "></a><a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168 "></a>
↑ Brozovi? D. , Ladan T. Hrvatska enciklopedija ? LZMK , 1999. ? 9272 ???. ? ISBN 978-953-6036-31-8
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934 "></a><a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032 "></a><a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446 "></a><a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619 "></a>
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Зигмонди Рихард // Большая советская энциклопедия : [в 30 т.] / под ред. А. М. Прохоров ? 3-е изд. ? Москва : Советская энциклопедия , 1969.
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↑ http://www.scientificlib.com/en/Chemistry/Biographies/RichardAdolfZsigmondy.html
↑ http://www.hunmagyar.org/tor/hcontrib.htm
↑ http://fizikaiszemle.hu/archivum/fsz9905/marx1.html
↑ http://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/famous-scientists/chemists/richard-zsigmondy-info.htm
↑ http://www.aggdata.com/download_sample.php?file=nobel.csv
↑ http://www.normalesup.org/~adanchin/history/dates_1900.html
↑ Find a Grave ? 1996.
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63056 "></a>
↑ http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Richard_Zsigmondy.aspx
↑ Carbert J. Gold-based enamel colours // Gold bulletin ? Springer Science+Business Media , Springer Nature , 1980. ? Vol. 13, Iss. 4. ? P. 144?150. ? ISSN 1027-8591 ; 2190-7579 ; 0017-1557 ? doi:10.1007/BF03215460
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↑ Karmakar B., Som T., Singh S. P. et al. Nanometal-Glass Hybrid Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Properties and Applications // Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society ? Taylor & Francis , 2010. ? Vol. 69, Iss. 3. ? P. 171?186. ? ISSN 2165-5456 ; 0371-750X ? doi:10.1080/0371750X.2010.11090834
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q880582 "></a><a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63871808 "></a><a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q100887854 "></a>
↑ NNDB ? 2002.
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1373513 "></a>
↑ Olympedia ? Jen? Zsigmondy ? 2006.
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q95606922 "></a>
↑ The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1925 ? Nobel Foundation .
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1781959 "></a><a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q23684016 "></a>
↑ Table showing prize amounts ? Nobel Foundation , 2019.
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1781959 "></a>
↑ Miller, W. V.; Rohde, G. (1889). ?Zur Synthese von Indenderivaten“ . Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft . 22 (2): 1881?1886. doi : 10.1002/cber.18890220227 .

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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q8513"_data-entity-id="Q66683">Who_Named_It?<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q66683"></a></div>-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Who Named It?
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q1789619"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:hr:Dalibor_Brozović|Brozović&nbsp;D.]],_[[:hr:Tomislav_Ladan|Ladan&nbsp;T.]]</i>_[[:ხორვატული_ენციკლოპედია|Hrvatska_enciklopedija]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:hr:Leksikografski_zavod_Miroslav_Krleža|LZMK]],_1999._—_9272&nbsp;გვრ._—_ISBN_978-953-6036-31-8</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619"></a></div>-7] Brozovi? D. , Ladan T. Hrvatska enciklopedija ? LZMK , 1999. ? 9272 ???. ? ISBN 978-953-6036-31-8
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q3331189"_data-entity-id="Q17378135">Зигмонди_Рихард_//_[[:ru:Большая_советская_энциклопедия_(третье_издание)|Большая_советская_энциклопедия]]:_[в_30_т.]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_/_под_ред._[[:ალექსანდრე_პროხოროვი|А.&nbsp;М.&nbsp;Прохоров]]_—_3-е_изд._—_[[:მოსკოვი|Москва]]:_[[:ru:Большая_российская_энциклопедия_(издательство)|Советская_энциклопедия]],_1969.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17378135"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q649"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5061737"></a></div>-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Зигмонди Рихард // Большая советская энциклопедия : [в 30 т.] / под ред. А. М. Прохоров ? 3-е изд. ? Москва : Советская энциклопедия , 1969.
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[[http://www.scientificlib.com/en/Chemistry/Biographies/RichardAdolfZsigmondy.html_http://www.scientificlib.com/en/Chemistry/Biographies/RichardAdolfZsigmondy.html]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-9] ttp://www.scientificlib.com/en/Chemistry/Biographies/RichardAdolfZsigmondy.html

[[http://www.hunmagyar.org/tor/hcontrib.htm_http://www.hunmagyar.org/tor/hcontrib.htm]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-10] ttp://www.hunmagyar.org/tor/hcontrib.htm

[[http://fizikaiszemle.hu/archivum/fsz9905/marx1.html_http://fizikaiszemle.hu/archivum/fsz9905/marx1.html]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-11] ttp://fizikaiszemle.hu/archivum/fsz9905/marx1.html

[[http://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/famous-scientists/chemists/richard-zsigmondy-info.htm_http://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/famous-scientists/chemists/richard-zsigmondy-info.htm]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-12] ttp://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/famous-scientists/chemists/richard-zsigmondy-info.htm

[[http://www.aggdata.com/download_sample.php?file=nobel.csv_http://www.aggdata.com/download_sample.php?file=nobel.csv]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-13] ttp://www.aggdata.com/download_sample.php?file=nobel.csv

[[http://www.normalesup.org/~adanchin/history/dates_1900.html_http://www.normalesup.org/~adanchin/history/dates_1900.html]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-14] ttp://www.normalesup.org/~adanchin/history/dates_1900.html

[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q5535082_citetype_Q33270056_citetype_Q43229_citetype_Q107553922"_data-entity-id="Q63056">[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=137922947_Find_a_Grave]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1996.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63056"></a></div>-15] Find a Grave ? 1996.
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[[http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Richard_Zsigmondy.aspx_http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Richard_Zsigmondy.aspx]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-16] ttp://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Richard_Zsigmondy.aspx

[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q100887848"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">Carbert&nbsp;J.</i>_[https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF03215460.pdf_Gold-based_enamel_colours]_//_''[[:d:Q3109987|Gold_bulletin]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:en:Springer_Science+Business_Media|Springer_Science+Business_Media]],_[[:en:Springer_Nature|Springer_Nature]],_1980._—_Vol.&nbsp;13,_Iss.&nbsp;4._—_P.&nbsp;144–150._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1027-8591_1027-8591];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2190-7579_2190-7579];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0017-1557_0017-1557]_—_[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03215460_doi:10.1007/BF03215460]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3109987"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q100887848"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q21096327"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q176916"></a></div>-17] Carbert J. Gold-based enamel colours // Gold bulletin ? Springer Science+Business Media , Springer Nature , 1980. ? Vol. 13, Iss. 4. ? P. 144?150. ? ISSN 1027-8591 ; 2190-7579 ; 0017-1557 ? doi:10.1007/BF03215460
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q100887854"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">Karmakar&nbsp;B.,_Som&nbsp;T.,_Singh&nbsp;S.&nbsp;P._et_al.</i>_[http://www.researchgate.net/publication/230682640_Nanometal-Glass_Hybrid_Nanocomposites_Synthesis_Properties_and_Applications/file/79e41502e5f697035f.pdf_Nanometal-Glass_Hybrid_Nanocomposites:_Synthesis,_Properties_and_Applications]_//_''[[:d:Q63871808|Transactions_of_the_Indian_Ceramic_Society]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:en:Taylor_&_Francis|Taylor_&_Francis]],_2010._—_Vol.&nbsp;69,_Iss.&nbsp;3._—_P.&nbsp;171–186._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2165-5456_2165-5456];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0371-750X_0371-750X]_—_[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2010.11090834_doi:10.1080/0371750X.2010.11090834]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q880582"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63871808"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q100887854"></] Karmakar B., Som T., Singh S. P. et al. Nanometal-Glass Hybrid Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Properties and Applications // Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society ? Taylor & Francis , 2010. ? Vol. 69, Iss. 3. ? P. 171?186. ? ISSN 2165-5456 ; 0371-750X ? doi:10.1080/0371750X.2010.11090834
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q43229"_data-entity-id="Q1373513">NNDB<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2002.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1373513"></a></div>-19] NNDB ? 2002.
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127"_data-entity-id="Q95606922">[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/231_Olympedia_–_Jenő_Zsigmondy]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2006.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q95606922"></a></div>-20] Olympedia ? Jen? Zsigmondy ? 2006.
<a href=" https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q95606922 "></a>

[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127"_data-entity-id="Q23684016">[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1925/summary/_The_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry_1925]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:ნობელის_ფონდი|Nobel_Foundation]].</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1781959"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q23684016"></a></div>-21] The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1925 ? Nobel Foundation .
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[[https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/04/prize-amounts-2020.pdf_Table_showing_prize_amounts]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:ნობელის_ფონდი|Nobel_Foundation]],_2019.</span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1781959"></a></div>-22] Table showing prize amounts ? Nobel Foundation , 2019.
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