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????????? ???????????? ( ????. ?Treaty of Lisbon“ ?? ?Reform Treaty“ ; ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????“) ? ???????????? ????????????, ??????? ???????????? (EU) ????????????? ????????? ?????. ????????? ????????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? 2007 ???? 13 ????????? , ???? ?????? ?????? 2009 ???? 1 ????????? . [1] ????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ( 1992 ), ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????, ?????? ?????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ????????????? ?????, ?????????? ???????? ???????; ?? ????? ????????????? (1957) . ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ???????????, ????? ?? ?????????????, ?????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??????, ?.?. ????????. ????????? ????????????? ??????????, ??????????? ?????????????????? ???????.

????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????. 45-?? ??? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????; ???? ??????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????. ????????? ??????????? ????????, ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????????. ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????, ???????????? ????????? ??????, ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????. ???????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????????????? ???????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ????? ??????, ?????????????, ??????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????.

????????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????????? ?? ????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????, ??????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ???? ??????, ??????? ???????????? ???????, ????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????.“ [2] ????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????-????? ????? ( ?????? ??????????????), ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???????????? ???? ????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????“ ??????????? ??????????? ???????. [3] ????????? ?? ?????????, ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???????.

???????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? 2001 ???? ??????, ??? ?????????, ?????? ?????, ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ???????, ??????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ?? ??? ???????????? ?.?. ????????????. ?????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????, ???????? 2005 ???? 29 ????? [4] [5] ??????????? ???????????? 55%-??, ???? 2005 ???? 1 ?????? ????????????? ???????????? 61%-?? ????? ?? ???????. [6] ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ??? ???????????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????“ ???????????. ??????????? ????? ??????????? ?.?. ????????? ?????????????“ ???? ??????? 2007 ???? ????????? . ????????????? ???????????????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????????? 2008 ???? ???????. ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? 2009 ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????????, ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ?????? 2009 ???? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ???????????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????????? ????????????. [7] [8]

??????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

2007 ???? ???????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ???????“ ??????? ???????????? ??????????. ??????????, ????? ????????????? 50 ???? ????????, ???????????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ?????????? . ?? ??????????? ?????????????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ???????, ??????? ???? ?????? 2009 ???? ???????????? ????????????, 2009 ???? ??? ????????????? ?? ???????????? ???? ?????????????? ???? ????????. [9]

???????? ?????????????, ?????? ????? (??????????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? - ACED), ???????? ????????????? ???????????, ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????, ?????????????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ??????????. 2007 ???? 4 ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ???????? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ??????, ??????? ???????? ???????:

??????? ???????? ????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

50 ???? ?????? 2007 ???? ????????, ??????? . ??????? ?? ??????

2007 ???? 21 ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? , ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????????, ??????? ???????????? ????? ???????? ????????????. ???????? ????????????? ????????? ????????????? ????, ?????????????? ?? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? , ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????????. ???? ?????????? ????????????? ?????, ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????????, ???????????????? ???????????? ???????????????, ??????? 2007 ???? 23 ??????? ??????? ???????????, ????????. ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????. [10]

??????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? (ERT) ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ???????????, ??????? ??????? ???????????? 2010 ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????“. ERT-?? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????????, ????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ????????? ????? ????????? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ????????????, ??????? ???????????? ????? ????? ??????????????? ???????? ????????.

??????????????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???????? ????????, ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????????????? ???????????? ?? ?? ???????????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????. ???? ??????????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????????. ???-???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ??????? 2014 ?????? ???? ??????????????. [11]

??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????“ ????????????, ???????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????. ?????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????? (TEU), ????? ???????????????????? ????????????? ??????????? (TEC), ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????. ?????????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????????????. ???????, ??????????? ??? ???????? ??????????????? ????????????, ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????????, ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????. ???-???? ??????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ???????-????????? ???-????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ???????, ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ???????????. [12]

???????????????? ??????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

??????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??????????. ??????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????????? 2007 ???? 23 ??????. ???????????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????, ????????? ?????????? ??????. ????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ?????? 145-????????? ?????????? (???????????? ????????????? ???????) ?????????. [13]

????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ?? ???????????, ??????????????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ??????????????: ?????????? ????? ????? , ??????-????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? . [14]

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????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ???????-???????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????????? . ????? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????, ???????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????????. ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ??? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????“ ????????, ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????????.

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????? ?????????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????

2007 ???? ????????? ??????????, ?????????? ????????? ????????? ??? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? , ??????????? ???????????, ???????????. ?? ????????????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????????, ?????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ????????????, ????? ????????? ????????????. ??????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????. [16]

??????????? ?????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ???, ?????????? ?????????? ??????? XV ????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ??????, ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????? 1985 ????. [17] ???????????? ????? 27 ??????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????????, ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ?????????????, ????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????. ??????? ?????, ???????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ????????????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????????????.

???? ?????????? ???????-???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ????, ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????????. [18] [19]

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????????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? (???????).

????????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ??????????? ???? ????????. ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?????, ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????. ???? ???????? ???????????? ????? ???? ???????????? ???????????? ????? ????? ??????????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????.

???????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????????? ?? ????????????? ??????????? 2008 ???? ??????? ???? ????????, ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ?????? 2008 ???? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????????, 2009 ???? ????? ???????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????????? ????????????? ???????????. ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????????, ???????? ????????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????. ???????????? ???????? 2008 ???? 21 ??????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??? (362 224-?? ??????????); ???????-???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????????, ???? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????. [20] ??????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????? 2009 ???? 13 ????????. [21] ???????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? 2009 ???? 1 ?????????. [22] [23] [24]

??????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

????????? ????????????? ???????????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????????. ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ???????????. ????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ??????. ????????? ??? 2014 ????, ?????? ?? ????? ????????????? ??? ???????????, ?? ??? ??????????? ??????????????. [25]

??????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????, ????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????, ?????? ???? , ?? ????????? ????????????, ?? ????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????. [26] ?? ??????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ????????, ???? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????????, ????????? SWIFT-?? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? -????. [27] ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????, [28] ??????? ????????? ???????.

??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ??????. ????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ??????, ???????? ????????, ???????? ????????. ??????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????????? ????? ?????? ??????????. ?????? ?????????????, ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ?????, ??????? ???????: ??????? ???????-???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ?????, ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????????? ???????????? ?????????????? (?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ????????).

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????????? ????????????, ?????, ???????????? ??????????? ?? ??????????. ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ??????????????? ( ???????????? ????????????“ ) ?? ????? ???????? ???????????? ????????????? ???????????? ( ?????? ????????????“ ). ????????? ?????????????? ??????? ????????, ????? ???? ????????????, ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????, ???????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ?????. ???????????? ?????????????, ???????????? ????????????? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????????????? ???? ???????, ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????????.

???????????? ????????? ?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

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???????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ????????????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????????, ????? ?????????? ????????. ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ????????????, ?????? ???????????? ??????????. ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? 2000 ???? 7 ????????? ???????????????, ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???????????. ?????????? ????? ???? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ??? [29] ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????????, ??? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????.

??????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ???????, ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????. ???? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ????????????? ???????, ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????. ????????????? ???????? ???????????, ????? ?????, ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????????. ?????? ????????????????? ????????????, ????? ??????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????????? ?????????. ???????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????.

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Official websites
Media overviews

?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

  1. ↑ eur-lex.europa.eu: " Official Journal of the European Union , ISSN   1725-2423 C 115 Volume 51, 9 May 2008, retrieved 1 June 2014
  2. ↑ Quoted from the Treaty Preamble
  3. ↑ Jens-Peter Bonde. From EU Constitution to Lisbon Treaty . Foundation for EU Democracy and the EU Democrats, ??. 41. ISBN 87-87692-71-6 . ?We can still have elections, but we cannot use our vote to change legislation in the many areas where the Union is given the power to decide. It is a very, very long process to change an EU law under the Lisbon Treaty. The power to do this does not lie with the normal majority of voters. It also demands a great effort in a lot of countries to change a law.“  
  4. ↑ 29 May 2005 European Constitution referendum: results in France fr. Minister of the Interior . ????????? ??????: 15 November 2010.
  5. ↑ Marine Le Pen: "The spirit of 29 May" fr. Front National (28 May 2010). ????????????? ???????????? ? 21 ????? 2018. ????????? ??????: 4 November 2010.
  6. ↑ Verkiezingsuitslagen Referendum 2005?Nederland nl. Kiesraad . ????????????? ???????????? ? 18 ?????? 2011. ????????? ??????: 15 November 2010.
  7. ↑ Crosbie, Judith (12 December 2008). ?Ireland to hold second referendum“ . POLITICO . ????????? ??????: 28 April 2019 .
  8. ↑ ?Ireland backs EU's Lisbon Treaty“ . BBC News . 3 October 2009 . ????????? ??????: 28 April 2019 .
  9. ↑ Constitutional Treaty: the "reflection period" . EurActiv (1 June 2007). ????????????? ???????????? ? 22 October 2007. ????????? ??????: 26 June 2007.
  10. ↑ Martin Kurth (2007). "Square root voting in the Council of the European Union: Rounding effects and the Jagiellonian Compromise". arXiv : 0712.2699  [ math.GM ] .
  11. ↑ Presidency Conclusions Brussels European Council 21/22 June 2007 (PDF). Council of the European Union (23 June 2007). ????????????? ???????????? ? 27 ?????? 2007. ????????? ??????: 26 June 2007. ; Honor Mahony. (21 June 2007) Stakes high as EU tries to put 2005 referendums behind it . EU Observer. ????????? ??????: 26 June 2007.
  12. ↑ Bruno Waterfield and Toby Helm (23 July 2007). ?EU treaty must be re-written, warn MPs“ . London: The Daily Telegraph. ????????????? ???????????? ? 24 ?????? 2008 . ????????? ??????: 15 ?????? 2021 .
  13. ↑ Draft Reform Treaty ? Projet de traite modificatif . Council of the European Union (24 July 2007). ????????????? ???????????? ? 17 ????????? 2007. ????????? ??????: 24 July 2007.
  14. ↑ Parliament to give green light for IGC . Euractiv.com (9 July 2007). ????????? ??????: 9 July 2007.
  15. ↑ Kubosova, Lucia. (20 July 2007) Poland indicates it is ready to compromise on EU voting rights . EU Observer. ????????? ??????: 20 July 2007.
  16. ↑ Proud Portugal leaves mixed EU presidency record , EUobserver .
  17. ↑ Jose Socrates on the signing of the Treaty of Lisbon
  18. ↑ AFP: Government wins first round in battle over EU treaty . Afp.google.com (21 January 2008). ????????????? ???????????? ? 20 ????? 2011. ????????? ??????: 26 October 2011.
  19. ↑ Castle, Stephen; Bowley, Graham. Treaty on Running European Union Is Signed (14 December 2007).
  20. ↑ Hansard: Volume No. 470 Part No. 34 House of Commons Debates January 21, 2008 and see Division #50 .
  21. ↑ Lisabonska smlouva za?ne platit 1. prosince cs. Radio Praha. ????????? ??????: 14 November 2009.
  22. ↑ Lisabonska smlouva za?ne platit 1. prosince cs. Radio Praha. ????????? ??????: 14 November 2009.
  23. ↑ Article 6(2) of the Lisbon Treaty.
  24. ↑ ?Timeline: The road to Lisbon“ . BBC News . 3 November 2009 . ????????? ??????: 4 November 2009 .
  25. ↑ A Van Barroso? . EU Observer (15 April 2010). ????????????? ???????????? ? 17 April 2010. ????????? ??????: 16 April 2010.
  26. ↑ Member states to signal broad backing for diplomatic service blueprint , EU Observer
  27. ↑ European parliament rejects SWIFT deal for sharing bank data with US , DW World
  28. ↑ Korean trade deal could fall under Lisbon rules , EU Observer
  29. ↑ Craig, Paul (2007). ?Chapter 11 Human rights in the EU“, EU Law: Text, Cases and Materials , 4th, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ??. 379 . ISBN 978-0-19-927389-8 .  
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