??????????? ????????????

?????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ????????????
??????????? ????????????
?????. ???????????? ????????????
???. ?????? 1952 [1]
???. ?????? Chidambaram [2]
???????????   ??? [3]
?????????? ??????? , ???????? , ??????????? , ??????????? ?? molecular biologist [4]
???????? ?????? Laboratory of Molecular Biology [5] , University of Utah School of Medicine [6] , ???????????? ??????????? ??????????? [7] ?? ????? ???????????? [8]
????-?????? Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda [9] , Ohio University ?? ??????????? ???????????? [10]
???? R. Rajalakshmi
???????? ??????????? ????????? [11] , ?????? ???????????? ????? , ??????? ?????? ??????? [12] [13] , Padma Vibhushan in science & engineering [14] , ??? ???? ??????? ?????? , EMBO-? ??????? , ??????-????????? , Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine [15] , ???????? ?????? ?? Honorary member of the British Biophysical Society
????? mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/ribo/homepage/ramak/index.html

??????????? ??????“ ???????????? (?. 1952) [16] ? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ???????. 2009 ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ??????????????“. [17] [18] 2015 ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????. [19] .

1999 ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????. [20] [21] [22] [23]

????????? ?? ??????? ????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

???????????? ????????, ?????????? ??????, ????????? ???????, ???????????? ???????. ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???. ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????????. [24] [25] ????????????? ??????????? ???????? ???-??, ?????????-????????? ????????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????.

????????????? ????? ???????? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? 1959 ???? ?????. ??? ?? ????? 18 ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????????????. ???? ??????? ??, ????? ???????????? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ??????. [26]

3 ???? ?????? ????????????? ????? ????????? ???????, ?????????? ???????? ????????????. ?????????????? ?? ????????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ???-?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? 1976 ???? ?????? ???????????????? ????? ????????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????“ ???????????. ????????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ???. [27] [28] [29] ?????? ???????????? 2 ???? ???-?????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ????????. [30]

??????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

????????????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ??????. 1983-1995 ?????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????. [31] }} 1995 ???? ?? ????? ????????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????, ???? 1999 ???? ????????,????????? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????.

???????? ?? ???????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

2002 ???? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????, 2003 ???? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??????.2004 ???? ???????? ???-?? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????. 2007 ???? ???? ??????? ??????, ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????????. 2008 ???? ?????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ??????. 2010 ???? ?????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????????????, ????? ?????????????? ?? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ???? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????. [32]

?????? ???????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

???????????? 1975 ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ??????????. ???? ??????????, ????? ????? ???????? ?????????, ???? ???? ????, ????? ???????????? ???-?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????. [33]

?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

  1. ↑ https://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=00000028052
  2. ↑ 2 Americans, Israeli share Nobel Prize in chemistry // Los Angeles Times ? LA : 2009. ? ISSN 0458-3035 ; 2165-1736
  3. ↑ Cambridge scientist scoops Nobel Prize for Chemistry // The Daily Telegraph / C. Evans ? London , Thailand : 2009. ? ed. size: 622719 ? ISSN 0307-1235 ; 1477-3805
  4. ↑ Czech National Authority Database
  5. ↑ Venki Ramakrishnan - mrc LABORATORY // The Salt Lake Tribune ? Salt Lake City : 2009. ? ISSN 0746-3502
  6. ↑ Montenegro A. ORCID Public Data File 2023 ? 2023. ? doi:10.23640/07243.24204912.V1
  7. ↑ Montenegro A. ORCID Public Data File 2023 ? 2023. ? doi:10.23640/07243.24204912.V1
  8. ↑ Montenegro A. ORCID Public Data File 2023 ? 2023. ? doi:10.23640/07243.24204912.V1
  9. ↑ MSU diary with sadhus as inventors brings disrepute to India: Ex-student, Nobel Laureate // The Indian Express ? 2017.
  10. ↑ Nobel Prize 2017: Know where India’s Nobel laureates studied // The Indian Express ? 2017.
  11. ↑ https://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/venkatraman-ramakrishnan/
  12. ↑ The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009 ? Nobel Foundation .
  13. ↑ Table showing prize amounts ? Nobel Foundation , 2019.
  14. ↑ Padma Vibhushan for P.C. Reddy, Ramakrishnan and four others // The Hindu ? 2010. ? ISSN 0971-751X
  15. ↑ https://www.jeantet.ch/en/prix-louis-jeantet/laureats/2007-en/docteur-venki-ramakrishnan/
  16. ↑ Ramakrishnan, Sir Venkatraman , online Oxford University Press , Who's Who , A & C Black an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc.   (??????? ???????????)
  17. ↑ 2009 Chemistry Nobel Laureates . Nobel Foundation (2009). ????????? ??????: 2009-10-14.
  18. ↑ Rodnina, Marina V.; Wintermeyer, Wolfgang (2010). ?The ribosome goes Nobel“ . Trends in Biochemical Sciences . 35 (1): 1?5. doi : 10.1016/j.tibs.2009.11.003 . PMID   19962317 .
  19. ↑ Peplow, M. (2015). ?Structural biologist named president of UK Royal Society“. Nature . doi : 10.1038/nature.2015.17153 .
  20. ↑ Nair, Prashant (2011). ?Profile of Venkatraman Ramakrishnan“ . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 108 (38): 15676?15678. doi : 10.1073/pnas.1113044108 . PMC   3179092 . PMID   21914843 .
  21. ↑ Biologist Venki Ramakrishnan to lead Royal Society . BBC News (2015-03-18). ????????????? ???????????? ? 2015-10-10.
  22. ↑ Venki Ramakrishnan
  23. ↑ Ramakrishnan, Venki (2018). Gene machine. The race to decipher the secrets of the ribosome . London: Oneworld. ISBN 9781786074362 . OCLC 1080631601 .   ???????????? 2019-03-27 ?????? Wayback Machine .
  24. ↑ http://www.asianwindow.com/tag/venkatraman-venki-ramakrishnan/
  25. ↑ Ramakrishnan, C. V.; Banerjee, B. N. (1951). ?Mould Lipase: Effect of Addition of Vitamins and Sterol to the Cake Medium on the Growth and the Activity of the Lipolytic Mould“. Nature . 168 (4282): 917?918. doi : 10.1038/168917a0 . PMID   14899529 .
  26. ↑ ?Lalita Ramakrishnan elected to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences“ . University of Cambridge . ????????? ??????: 30 January 2016 .
  27. ↑ Ramakrishnan, Venkatraman; Tanaka, Tomoyasu (1977). ?Green's-function theory of the ferroelectric phase transition in potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP)“. Physical Review B . 16 (1): 422?426. doi : 10.1103/physrevb.16.422 .
  28. ↑ ?Venkatraman Ramakrishnan: a profile“ . Times of India. 2009-10-07 . ????????? ??????: 2009-10-07 .
  29. ↑ ?FACTBOX: Nobel chemistry prize ? Who are the winners?“ . Reuters. 2009-10-07 . ????????? ??????: 2009-10-07 .
  30. ↑ ?Profile: Dr Venkatraman Ramakrishnan“ . Indian Express . 7 October 2009 . ????????? ??????: 2009-10-07 .
  31. ↑ Cerf, Corinne; Lippens, Guy; Muyldermans, Serge; Segers, Alain; Ramakrishnan, V.; Wodak, Shoshana J.; Hallenga, Klaas; Wyns, Lode (1993). ?Homo- and heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR“. Biochemistry . 32 (42): 11345?11351. doi : 10.1021/bi00093a011 .
  32. ↑ Emeritus and Honorary Fellows . Somerville College, Oxford . ????????? ??????: 26 August 2018
  33. ↑ Amit Roy (17 Oct 2009). ? ' Venki' makes light of India link ? Winner says not to treat science like cricket; league of misses grows“ . The Telegraph (Kolkata) . ????????????? ???????????? ? 2017-10-20 . ????????? ??????: 2009-10-17 .
?   ?   ?   ?   ?
1901?1925
1926?1950
1951?1975
1976?2000
2001???????
?   ?   ?   ?   ?
← 2009 ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? →
??????????
?? ????????
??????
?????
??????????
????????
?????????
?????????? ? https://ka.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=???????????_????????????&oldid=4374296 “-???