Saka Wikipedia Jawa, bauwarna mardika basa Jawa
Perang Salib Kapindho
(
1145
?
1149
) ya iku
perang salib
kapindho kang digawe saka
Eropah
. Perang iki kadadean amarga kalahe
County Edessa
ing
taun
sadurunge. Edessa ya iku
nagara wadya salib
kang kapisan didekne sasuwene
Perang Salib Kapisan
(
1095
?
1099
), lan uga nagara kang kapisan kalah. Perang Salib Kaloro diumumake dening
Paus Eugenius III
, lan minangka Perang Salib kapisan kang dipanggedheni dening ratu-ratu
Eropah
, kaya ta Louis VII saka
Prancis
lan Conrad III saka
Jerman
, kanthi bantuan saka bangsawan-bangsawan
Eropah
wigati liyane. Pasukan-prajurit kaloro ratu mau obah nyeberangi
Eropah
kanthi kapisah lan sithik kalangan dening kaisar
Romawi Etan
,
Manuel I Comnenus
. Sawise nglewati
Bizantium
lan lumebu ing
Anatolia
, prajurit-prajurit kaloro ratu mau dikalahake dening wadya
Seljuk
. Louis, Conrad, lan sisa saka wadyabalae wes kasil tekan
Yerusalem
lan ngirim serangan kang "salah" ing
Damaskus
ing
taun
1148. Perang Salib ing Etan entuk kamenangan. Gagale iki nyurung babagan tibane
kutha
Yerusalem lan
Perang Salib Katelu
ing abad angka 12.
Wadya salib kang bisa entuk kamenangan ya iku gabungan wadya salib Flandria, Frisia, Normandia,
Inggris
,
Sekotlan
, lan
Jerman
Panjenengane numpak kapal pinuju Tanah Suci. Ing tengah lelampahan, wadya mau mandek lan mbiyantu bangsa
Portugis
ngrebut
Lisboa
taun
1147
. Saliyane iku,
Perang Salib Lor
dikobarke munangka upaya kanggo ngubah wong-wong kang nganut
paganisme
dadi iman karo Kristen, lan panjenengane kudu berjuang sasuwene pirang-pirang abad.
Sawise lekas Perang Salib Kapisan lan Perang Salib 1101, ana telu nagara wadya salib kang didekne ing etan, ya iku Karajan Yerusalem, Kepangeranan Antiokhia, lan County Edessa. County Tripoli didekne ing
taun
1109. Edessa ya iku nagara kang kanthi geografis mapan paling lor saka papat nagara iki, lan uga minangka nagara kang paling ringkih lan mung nduwe sithik penduduk. Pramila saka iku , daerah iki kerep diserang dening nagara-nagara Muslim kaya ta Ortoqid, Danishmend, lan Seljuk. Baldwin II lan Joscelin saka Courtenay ditangkap amarga kalahe penjenengane ing Paprangan Harran
taun
1104. Baldwin lan Joscelin ditangkep kaping pindone ing
taun
1122, lan sanadyan Edessa bali aman sawise Paprangan Azaz ing
taun
1125, Joscelin tilar donya ing paprangan
taun
1131. Paneruse, Joscelin II, kapeksa sekuthu karo kamaharajan Romawi Etan, nanging, ing
taun
1143, Kaisar Romawi Etan, John II Comnenus lan Raja Yerusalem Fulk saka Anjou, tilar donya. Joscelin uga padu karo Count Tripoli lan Pangeran Antiokhia, saingga Edessa ora duwe sekuthu kang kuwat.
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J. Norwhich,
Byzantium: The Decline and Fall
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Byzantium: The Decline and Fall
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