?????

????? ( ???. ? Argentum ), ???????? ???? ?, ????? ????? ? Ag , ???????? ?????????? ???????? ? 1-?? ?????? ???????? ???? ? ????? ????? ?, ?? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????, ???????????? 47, ???????? ??????????107,868? ?????? d ???? ?, ???? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?? 4s ²4p ⁶4d ¹⁰5s ¹? К, L, М ?????????? ???????? ???

?????? ???????, ??????, ?????? ????? ?, ?????????? 10,50 ?/??³, ?????? ????????????? 960,5 °C, ????????????? 25 ?????/??², ??? ????? 2,5?

?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

?????? ?????? ? ??? ??????? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? 6000 ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?'???????????? ???????? ???????????????? ?? ???? ?.?. 2500 ????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ? ????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ?, ?????? ?? (?.?.?. 5-4-?? ????????), ??????? ? ??? (?. ?. 2-1-?? ????????)?

?????? ?????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

??????? ?, ?? ????. ? серебро , ???. ? srebro , ???????? ? сребро , ??? ?????????? ? сьребро ?? ???? *sьrebro ?????-?????????? ??????? ???, ?? ?? ????????????? ??????????? ( ???. ? sidabras - sirablan ) ?? ?????????? ( ???. ? silubr , ?????????? ? Silber , ???????? ? silver ) ????????????

?????? ≪?ργυρο?≫, ≪ argyros ≫ - ≪???????≫ (??????, ??????, ??????????), ??????? ? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ? ?????? ???. ? argentum ??????????? ???????????

????????? ? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ≪?????? ?????≫ , ??? ???????????? ???? ?? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????, ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????????, ?? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????????????

???????? ??? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

??????????????? ???????????? ??? 1, 10-5 ???????????? % ?, ?????????? ???? 0,3-10 ??/?? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? (?????? ?????), ???? ??????????????? ?????, ????????? Ag ₂S, ??????????? Ag ₃PbS ₃, ????????? Ag ₃AsS ₃, ??????????? AgCl ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ?????????????? ???????????? ????? 0.02%-?? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????

???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???, ?????? ?? ??????????????? ?????.

???????? (?????-??????)
?????????? (?????-?????-??????)
?????????? (?????-????)
???????? (?????-?????-??????)
??????????? (?????-????)
???????? (?????-?????-??????)
????????? (?????-?????-?????-??????)
?????????? (?????-??????-?????)
????????? (?????-?????) ?? ?????

?????? ???????? ????, ????? ???????? ???????, ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? ( ???? , ????? , ?????? , ????? ) ????????????? ????????

?????? ????????????? (2011)
α/α	???????	?????	????? %
1	???????:Country data ???????	4.753	20, 06
2	???????:Country data ?????	3.415	14, 42
3	???????:Country data ????	3.232	13, 64
4	?????????	1.717	7, 25
5	???????:Country data ????	1.309	5, 53
6	????????	1.269	5, 36
7	?????????	1.244	5, 25
8	???????	1.213	5, 12
9		1120	4, 73
10	???????:Country data ?????????	703	2, 97

??????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

?????? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??, ?????? ??, ?????????? , ??? ??, ????? ?, ????????? ?, ????????? , ??????? , ????? ?, ???? ?,

???????? ?, ???????? ?, ????????? ?, ????????? , ????? ?, ?????? , ????????? , ???????? , ?????????? , ????????? ??? ^[1]: ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?????????, ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ^[2]:

??????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

???????????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ???????????? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?'??????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?'??????? ???? ? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?'???????? ????? ??????? ???, ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? (1250 °C)?

?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ?'???????? ??????????? ??????????, ??? ?'??????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?'???????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?'??????? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ????????????

????????? ????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

?????? ???????, ??????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????????? 960,5°C, ????????? 2212°C, ????????? ? 10503,4 ??/? ³? ?????? ????? ??? ? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????, ?'??????????? ????? (???????? ???????????), ?? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???????????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?, ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? 10-8 ??. ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??????, ??????????????? ??? ???????, ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??

?????? ?? ?????? ???????, 1 ????? ?? ????? ????? 1800 ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? 0,00025 ??. ??????????? ??????????, ?? ????????? ?????? ???????????, ???????????? ????????? 95-97% ?, ?????? ? ?????? ??, ???????? ??, ??????????? ????????, ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?, ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ???, ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ￥AgS¤ ??????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ??? 800, 830, 875, 925, 960? ????? ???? ? ?????? ?????, ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? 100000 ?, ???????? ????????????? ?? ??????? ?, ???????, ??? -??

???????? ????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ????? (~12A) ??????????? ?????

{\mathsf {Ag+O_{2}=Ag_{2}O}}

?????? ?????????????? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ?? Ag ₂O ?? AgO ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? Ag ₂O ₃ ??????????

{\mathsf {4Ag+O_{3}=Ag_{2}O_{2}+Ag_{2}O}}

Ag ₂O ????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??

{\mathsf {2Ag+1/2O_{2}+H_{2}S=Ag_{2}S+H_{2}O}}

??????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ? (0, 013 ?/?, 20 °C-???), ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ?????????? ????

{\mathsf {3Ag+HCl+HNO_{3}=3AgCl+NO+2H_{2}O}}

?'??????????? ????????? ??????? ???, ??????????? ???? Ag ₂O-? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?, ??, ??? ?????????, ?????? ?????????? (AgOH) ??????????? ??????? ?? AgO-? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ????????? 100°C-??, 110°C-?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???, ??????? ?? ?'??????????? ≪????????????≫ ??????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? AgH, ?? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??

????????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? AgF ??? ?????????, ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? AgF ₂ ?? Ag ₂F ????? ???????????? ???????? ???

{\mathsf {Ag+F_{2}=2AgF_{2}}}

??? ?? ? ?? ???????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ???

{\mathsf {2Ag+I_{2}=2AgI}}

?????? ?????? (??? ????????? ?????????) ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ? ???????????? ?? ?????????, ?'??????????? ???????????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????? Ag ₂S, ?? ???, ?????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???????????? ???????????

{\mathsf {2Ag+S=Ag_{2}S}}

{\mathsf {2Ag+H_{2}S=Ag_{2}S+H_{2}{\uparrow }}}

?????? ???? ?? ????????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? Ag ₃N (????????????, ???? ????), ?? ?????? ?????? AgN ₃ (?????? ?????????, ????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????

??????? ? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? Ag ₂C ₂, ?? ?????? ???? ?, ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????????

?????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????????????? ? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????????? ?????????????

{\mathsf {Ag+FeCl_{3}=AgCl+FeCl_{2}}}

??? ?? ??????? HNO ₃-? ???, ?????? ??? ? H ₂SO ₄-? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????????

{\mathsf {Ag+2HNO_{3(conc)}=AgNO_{3}+NO_{2}{\uparrow }+H_{2}O}}

{\mathsf {2Ag+H_{2}SO_{4}=Ag_{2}SO_{4}+SO_{2}+H_{2}O}}

??? ?? ???????? ???????, ???????, ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ?????? ????????? Ag ₂SO ₄, ?????? ??????????, ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ? (0,79 ?, 100 ?? ?????, 20°C)?

{\mathsf {4Ag+2H_{2}S+O_{2}=2Ag_{2}S+2H_{2}O}}

?????? ?????????? Ag ₂CO ₃, ?????????, ???????????? ???? ?, ?'??????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????? K[Ag(CN) ₂], K ₃[AgCl ₄] ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ????? (2, 15?10 ^?9 ?/?) ????? ?????????? ???????????

{\mathsf {2Na[Ag(CN)_{2}]+Zn=Na_{2}[Zn(CN)_{4}]+2Ag}}

????????? ??????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????????????? ? ?????? ????, ????? ??????? ????? ? ????? ? ?????????????????? ???? ?? ??????????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ??????

?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???????????????? ?, ??????????? ?????, ?????????? ????????? ????????????????????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????????? ????????????????????

????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

?????? ?????? ???????? ? ¹⁰⁷Ag(51,35 %) ?? ¹⁰⁹Ag(48,65 %) ?????? ????????? ?? ?????????????? ???????? ?? 102-117 ????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????, ??????? ???????????? ¹¹⁰Ag ? (T _1/2 = 253 ??)?

??????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

?????? ??? ?????? ?'??????????? ?????????????????? ????? ????????????, ?????????? ??????, ?????????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?'??????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????????, ????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????????? ? ?????????? ?????? ?'??????????? ?????????? ???, ????? ????????? ????? ? ??????????? ? ????? (???????, ?????????, ????????)?

????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????????????, ?????????, ?????????, ?????????, ???????, ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????????? ? ???????????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????????? ?'??????????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?'?????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????????????

????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? , ????? (????? ????????????????) ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ?'??????????? ????????? ???????, ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??????????????? (??? ???????? ?????? ? ????? ????????????? ???????)? ????????????? ?? ???????? ???????????????? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????? ?????????? ??????

?????????? ??? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

?????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????? ?'??????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ? ???????????? ????? ^[3]: ???? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?????, ?????? Ag ⁺ ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??

??? ??????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? (?????? ???????? AgNO ₃) ?'??????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? (AgCl, AgBr, AgNO ₃) ???????????? ??. ????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ??????, ??? ???????? ?'???????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ????

??? ???? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

↑ Про серебро " месторождения
↑ Про серебро " История серебра
↑ Khaydarov R.A, Khaydarov R.R., Estrin Y., Cho S., Scheper T, and Endres C, ≪Silver nanoparticles: Environmental and human health impacts≫, Nanomaterials: Risk and Benefits, Series: NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 2009, Springer, Netherlands, pp. 287?299 ISSN 1874-6519 URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9491-0

??????? ???????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

Серебро на Webelements
Серебро в Популярной библиотеке химических элементов Archived 2014-01-18 at the Wayback Machine.
Энциклопедия Кругосвет
Термодинамические свойства серебра (Mathcad Calculation Server)
Colloidal silver not approved ( Коллоидное серебро не одобрено ) (????????)
Учебник ≪Неорганическая химия≫ под редакцией Ю. Д. Третьякова
Вторичное серебро
Соединения серебра (токсикологическая химия)
Серебро в Большой советской энциклопедии
Физико-химические свойства серебра (справочник)
Термодинамические свойства серебра (online расчет)

[1] Про серебро " месторождения

[2] Про серебро " История серебра

[dx.doi.org-3] Khaydarov R.A, Khaydarov R.R., Estrin Y., Cho S., Scheper T, and Endres C, ≪Silver nanoparticles: Environmental and human health impacts≫, Nanomaterials: Risk and Benefits, Series: NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 2009, Springer, Netherlands, pp. 287?299 ISSN 1874-6519 URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9491-0

[1]

[2]

[3]