?????? ????????

?????? ???????? ; ????. ? Roberto Bellarmino
????? ?	?????????? 4 , 1542
?????????	????????????? , ????? , ??????? , ??????
??????? ?	?????????? 17 , 1621 […] (78 ???????)
?????? ????	???? , ??????? ????
????????	???? ???????
????	??????? ?????????
??????????	??????? ????????? ?????????? , ???????? ?????????? ? ??????? ??? ??????????
???????????????	????????? ??????? ?????? , ???? , ???????????? , ??????????? ??????? , ?????????? , ??????? , Hebraist , ??????? ????????? ? ??????
??????????	??????? ????????? ??????????
???????	????? Vincenzo Bellarmini ? , ????? Cinzia Cervini ?
????????? ?????????	archbishop of Capua ? , ???????? , ???????????? ????? ?????????? ? Rector of the Pontifical Gregorian University ?
	Roberto Bellarmino ?????????????

?????? ???????? ( ?????????? 4 , 1542 ^[1], ????????????? , ????? , ??????? , ?????? - ?????????? 17 , 1621 ( 1621-09-17 ) ^[2]^[3]^[4]^[…], ???? , ??????? ???? ), ??????? ?????? , ??????? ???????? ???????? ? 1930 ???????? ?????????????? ? ? 36 ?????????? ???? ????? ? ???????? ???????? ??????? ^[6]? ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ???????? ???

????????? ???????????????? ???????? ??, ??? ????? ??? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????? 1602 ???????? ????????? ? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??? ??????? ? ??????? ???????? , ??????? ???????? , ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ^[7]^[8]^[9]?

??? ????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ????? ? ????????????????? ????????, ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ? ??? ????? ????????? II ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ^[10]? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????????? ?, ??????????? ??????, ?? ???? ??????????????????? ? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ? ?? ?????????????? ????, ??? ????????? ? ????????? ??????????, ??????? ? ?????? ????????????? ?

1560 ???????? ??, ???? ???? ?????? ??????? , ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ≪??????? ?????????????≫ ??????????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ?????, ????? ?????????? ? ???????? ? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????? ? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????????????, ? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ? ?????? ? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ^[11]?

??????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????????? ???????????????? ????? ????????? ??????????????????????, ??????? ?????????? 1567?1568 ?????????? ????? ?????????????????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ???? 1569 ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??, ??? ???? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????, ????? ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ≪ Summa Theologica ≫ ?????????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? 1576 ???????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? XIII ????? ????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????? ^[10]?

??? ????????? 1589 ???????? ???? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????? 1589 ??????? ????????? ???? ? ???????????????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? 3-?? ???????? ????????????? ????, ???????? 5-?? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ? ????? ? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???, ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????????? ^[12]^[13]? ?? ???????? ??, ??? ????? 4-??? ??????? ????

?????? ????? ??????? 8????, ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ^[10]? 1592 ???????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ??????, 1598 ????????? ????????????? ???????, ??? 1599 ????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????????????????? ? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ???? ? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????????, ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ? ????? ???????? ??? ^[14]?

1590 ???????? ???????? 5-?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ? ???????? ??????? ????? 3-???? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????, ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ? ?? ??? ???????? ? ????????? ??????????? ????????? 1602 ???????? ????????? ?????? ? ???????? ??????????????

?? ??? ? ???????????, ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ????, ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ????? ? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ?? ???? ???????????? ?????? ? ?????? 1621 ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????, ??? ?????? ?? ???? 11-???? , ????? 5?????, ??? 1621 ???????? ??????? ?????? 15-??? , ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ^[10]?

??? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ?????????? ? ????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????, ??? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ? 1621 ??????? ?????????? 17??? 78 ??????? ?????????

?????? ??????? ????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ? ???????? ??????????? ≪?????????????? ????????????≫ ???? ??????? ?????? ??????????????? 1670 ?????????

?????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 BeWeB
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 Encyclopædia Britannica
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 ^3,2 ?????????? ???????????? (????.)
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 Schafer J. Okumenisches Heiligenlexikon ? 1998.
↑ ^5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 ^5,3 ^5,4 Pas L. v. Genealogics ? 2003.
↑ Jestice, Phyllis G. (2004). Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia (????????). ABC-CLIO. ?? 114. ISBN 978-1-57607-355-1 .
↑ Gibbings, Richard (1852). Were "heretics" Ever Burned Alive at Rome?: A Report of the Proceedings in the Roman Inquisition Against Fulgentio Manfredi. Taken from the Original Manuscript Brought from Italy by a French Officer, and Edited, with a Parallel English Version and Illustrative Additions (????????). John Petheram. ???? 44?45.
↑ Martinez, Alberto A. (2016 ?? ?????????? 1). ≪Giordano Bruno and the heresy of many worlds≫. Annals of Science . 73 (4): 345?374. doi : 10.1080/00033790.2016.1193627 . ISSN 0003-3790 . PMID 27607442 .
↑ Perkins, William (1600). A Golden Chain or the description of Theology (PDF) . University of Cambridge. ?? 155.
↑ ^10,0 ^10,1 ^10,2 ^10,3 ???????:Cite CE1913
↑ Rule, William Harris (1853). ≪A Jesuit cardinal: Robert Bellarmine≫. Celebrated Jesuits . Vol. 2. London: John Mason. ?? 20.
↑ Miranda, Salvador. ≪The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church ? Biographical Dictionary ? Consistory of March 3, 1599≫ . www2.fiu.edu . ??????? ? 2017 ?? ??????? 23-?? .
↑ Miranda, Salvador. ≪The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church ? Biographical Dictionary ? Consistory of December 18, 1585≫ . www2.fiu.edu . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2018 ?? ???????? 9-?? . ??????? ? 2017 ?? ??????? 23-?? .
↑ Blackwell (1991, pp. 47–48) .

??????????? ???? ???????, ????? ?????????? ?? ≪?????? ????????≫ ?????????

[_9e94f7ac6769bb48-1] 1,0 ^1,1 BeWeB

[_c748ddda3da9c2d8-2] 2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 Encyclopædia Britannica

[_11c3f00b8e39a977-3] 3,0 ^3,1 ^3,2 ?????????? ???????????? (????.)

[_33d69b581c4524ac-4] 4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 Schafer J. Okumenisches Heiligenlexikon ? 1998.

[_ec286ac80251b0c4-5] 5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 ^5,3 ^5,4 Pas L. v. Genealogics ? 2003.

[6] Jestice, Phyllis G. (2004). Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia (????????). ABC-CLIO. ?? 114. ISBN 978-1-57607-355-1 .

[7] Gibbings, Richard (1852). Were "heretics" Ever Burned Alive at Rome?: A Report of the Proceedings in the Roman Inquisition Against Fulgentio Manfredi. Taken from the Original Manuscript Brought from Italy by a French Officer, and Edited, with a Parallel English Version and Illustrative Additions (????????). John Petheram. ???? 44?45.

[8] Martinez, Alberto A. (2016 ?? ?????????? 1). ≪Giordano Bruno and the heresy of many worlds≫. Annals of Science . 73 (4): 345?374. doi : 10.1080/00033790.2016.1193627 . ISSN 0003-3790 . PMID 27607442 .

[9] Perkins, William (1600). A Golden Chain or the description of Theology (PDF) . University of Cambridge. ?? 155.

[smith-10] 10,0 ^10,1 ^10,2 ^10,3 ???????:Cite CE1913

[11] Rule, William Harris (1853). ≪A Jesuit cardinal: Robert Bellarmine≫. Celebrated Jesuits . Vol. 2. London: John Mason. ?? 20.

[12] Miranda, Salvador. ≪The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church ? Biographical Dictionary ? Consistory of March 3, 1599≫ . www2.fiu.edu . ??????? ? 2017 ?? ??????? 23-?? .

[13] Miranda, Salvador. ≪The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church ? Biographical Dictionary ? Consistory of December 18, 1585≫ . www2.fiu.edu . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2018 ?? ???????? 9-?? . ??????? ? 2017 ?? ??????? 23-?? .

[14] Blackwell (1991, pp. 47–48) .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]