??????? ???????

??????? ??????? ; ????? ? ???? ??????? ‎‎
????? ?	??????? 31 , 1989 (34 ???????)
?????????	????? , ??????? ????? , ???????? ??????
???????????????	???????? ??????
??????? ?????	????????
??????????	?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ? ??????
???????????????	???????? ? ????????????
???????	????? ?????????
???????? ? ; ??????????	100 ??? Bertha-and-Carl-Benz-Prize ? Prix Liberte ? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???????
	Loujain Alhathloul ?????????????

??????? ??????? (????. ???? ????????, ??????? 31 , 1989 ( 1989-07-31 ) ^[1], ????? , ??????? ????? , ???????? ?????? ), ???????? ???????? ?????????, ??????????? ??????, ?????????, ?????? ???????????? ????????????? ? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????

?? ???? ????? ?????????? ? ???? ? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? 2018 ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ? ?????????????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? (Top 100 Most Powerful Arab Women 2015) ????????? ? 3-?? ???? ^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]?

??-???????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????, ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????

?????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??????? ???????? ????? ? 1989 ??????? ??????? 31-?? ????? ????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?

???????? ???? ???????? ?????? 2014 ??????? ???????????, ??? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? (??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????????? ?????)? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? 2015 ???????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? Arabian Business Magazine -? ?????????? ^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]? ≪Amnesty International≫ ?????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????? ? ????? ???? ???????????

2017 ??????? ??????? 4-?? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????????????? ^[14]? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????????, ????? ???????????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ^[15]?

2018 ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ? ?????????? ???? ?? ????????? ???????????? ??? ^[16]^[17]? ?????????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????, ??????????? ?? ????????, ???????? ≪?????????≫ ??? ≪????? ??????????≫ ?????? ?????????? ????????? ^[18]^[19]? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? (??? ???????? ? ??????????? , ?????? ), ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ? ??? ???, ??????????? ? ???? ????????????? 2018 ??????? ?????-??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??, ?? ????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ≪??????? ?????? ??? ????????????≫ ? ???????? ≪???????????????? ??????? ??, ???????????? ????? ?? ??????????, ?????? ??? ?????? ?????≫ ^[20]? ??? ???? ??-????????? ????? ??-???????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ? ?????????, ????????? ??? ???? ????????? ????????? ? ?????? ????, ??????? ???? ??????? ? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ????????? ^[20]?

2018 ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ??? ???? ? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ^[19]^[21]^[22]? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??-????????? (??? ?????? ? ?????????? , ?????? ), 2019 ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ? ??-???? ??????? ^[23]?

2019 ??????? ????? 1-?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????????, ?? ??????????????? ???????? ?, ? ????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????? ????? ??-????????? ? ??? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????????? ????????? ????? ^[24]?

??????????????? ?????? ? 2019 ??????? ????? 13-??, ?????? ????????????? ????? ????, ? ???????????? ?? ?????????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ^[25]^[26]?

?????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Loujain_al-Hathloul
↑ Saudische Frauenrechtlerin ausgezeichnet ? Westdeutscher Rundfunk , 2020.
↑ https://www.2idhp.eu/actualites/433-prix-liberte-2020---retour-sur-la-ceremonie-de-remise-du-prix.html
↑ https://pace.coe.int/en/news/8254
↑ ≪Saudi Arabia 'arrests women's rights activists' ≫ . Al Jazeera English. 2018 ?? ?????? 19. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 19-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 19-?? .
↑ ≪Saudi Arabia: Women's Rights Advocates Arrested ? Jumping Ahead of Crown Prince's Reforms Risks Jail Time≫ . Human Rights Watch . 2018 ?? ?????? 18. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 19-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 19-?? .
↑ ≪Women who defied Saudi Arabia's driving ban freed after months in jail≫ . Mashable . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2017 ?? ?????????? 6-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 7-?? .
↑ Michelle Ghoussoub (2018 ?? ?????? 29). ≪Incredibly fierce' UBC graduate among activists detained in Saudi Arabia≫ . CBC News . ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 30-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 31-?? . ≪A graduate of the University of British Columbia is among 10 activists recently arrested in Saudi Arabia. Loujain Al-Hathloul attended UBC between 2009 and 2014, graduating with a degree in French.≫
↑ ≪The 100 Most Powerful Arab Women 2015≫ . ArabianBusiness.com . 2015 ?? ????? 4. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2015 ?? ????? 5-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 31-?? .
↑ ≪Two Saudi Women Who Were Detained for Defying a Driving Ban Have Been Freed≫ . Time magazine . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2016 ?? ?????????? 29-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 4-?? . ≪Loujain al-Hathloul and Maysaa al-Amoudi had been held since Dec. 1, after al-Hathloul, 25, attempted to drive into Saudi Arabia from the United Arab Emirates, Agence France-Presse reports.≫
↑ ≪Saudi Women Free After 73 Days in Jail for Driving≫ . The New York Times . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2017 ?? ?????????? 27-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 4-?? .
↑ ≪Saudi women jailed for driving 'released from prison' after two months≫ . The Independent . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2017 ?? ?????????? 12-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 4-?? .
↑ ≪Saudi Arabia Releases Two Women Drivers From Jail≫ . The Wall Street Journal . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 27-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 4-?? .
↑ ??? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ???
↑ ≪Saudi women who defied driving ban 'freed from jail' ≫ . France 24 . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ????? 31-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 7-?? .
↑ ≪Female activists detained ahead of Saudi driving ban reversal≫ . The National . 2018 ?? ?????? 20. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ??????? 5-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 31-?? . ≪Some state-linked media outlets published the names of those detained, which include Loujain al-Hathloul, Aziza al-Yousef and Eman al-Najfan.≫
↑ Sarah El Sirgany, Hilary Clarke (2018 ?? ?????? 21). ≪Saudi Arabia arrests female activists weeks before lifting of driving ban≫ . CNN . ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 21-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 31-?? . ≪Activists Loujain al-Hathloul, Iman al-Nafjan, Aziza al-Yousef and Aisha Almane were arrested last week, along with four male supporters, the government and Saudi media said Friday.≫
↑ ALQST Confirms New Details of Torture of Saudi Women Activists as British MPs Seek Access to Prisons to Investigate
↑ ^19,0 ^19,1 ≪Saudi Arabia: Reports of torture and sexual harassment of detained activists≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2019 ?? ???????? 13-?? . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ???????? 12-?? .
↑ ^20,0 ^20,1 My Sister Is in a Saudi Prison. Will Mike Pompeo Stay Silent?
↑ ≪Saudi women can now drive ? but activists jailed≫ . ABC News (???????????? ????????). 2018 ?? ??????? 24 . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ??????? 25-?? .
↑ ≪Saudi driving ban ends as women's rights activists remain jailed≫ . Aljazeera.com . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ??????? 25-?? .
↑ ≪Brother of Saudi woman 'being tortured in prison' fears her treatment is getting worse≫ . The Independent . 2019 ?? ???????? 22.
↑ Hubbard, Ben (2019 ?? ????? 2). ≪Saudi Arabia Moves Toward Trials of Women's Rights Activists≫ . The New York Times . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ????? 4-?? .
↑ Oppenheim, Maya (2019 ?? ????? 13). ≪Saudi women's rights campaigner who has been 'tortured and sexually harassed in prison' goes on trial≫ . The Independent . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ??????? 19-?? .
↑ ≪Saudi women's rights activists go on trial in Riyadh≫ . The Guardian . Reuters. 2019 ?? ????? 13 . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ????? 14-?? .

??????????? ???? ???????, ????? ?????????? ?? ≪??????? ???????≫ ?????????

[_d518f0a8ba8039bb-1] 1,0 ^1,1 https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Loujain_al-Hathloul

[_883b1dbbcd40bb10-2] Saudische Frauenrechtlerin ausgezeichnet ? Westdeutscher Rundfunk , 2020.

[_0a62cc964ddeee3d-3] ttps://www.2idhp.eu/actualites/433-prix-liberte-2020---retour-sur-la-ceremonie-de-remise-du-prix.html

[_34973e3cb87a3cdf-4] ttps://pace.coe.int/en/news/8254

[AJE_Nafjan_Hathloul_arrest-5] ≪Saudi Arabia 'arrests women's rights activists' ≫ . Al Jazeera English. 2018 ?? ?????? 19. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 19-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 19-?? .

[HRW_Nafjan_Hathloul_arrest-6] ≪Saudi Arabia: Women's Rights Advocates Arrested ? Jumping Ahead of Crown Prince's Reforms Risks Jail Time≫ . Human Rights Watch . 2018 ?? ?????? 18. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 19-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 19-?? .

[Mashable2015-02-13-7] ≪Women who defied Saudi Arabia's driving ban freed after months in jail≫ . Mashable . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2017 ?? ?????????? 6-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 7-?? .

[CbcUbcGrad-8] Michelle Ghoussoub (2018 ?? ?????? 29). ≪Incredibly fierce' UBC graduate among activists detained in Saudi Arabia≫ . CBC News . ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 30-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 31-?? . ≪A graduate of the University of British Columbia is among 10 activists recently arrested in Saudi Arabia. Loujain Al-Hathloul attended UBC between 2009 and 2014, graduating with a degree in French.≫

[ArabianBusiness-9] ≪The 100 Most Powerful Arab Women 2015≫ . ArabianBusiness.com . 2015 ?? ????? 4. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2015 ?? ????? 5-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 31-?? .

[Time2015-02-13-10] ≪Two Saudi Women Who Were Detained for Defying a Driving Ban Have Been Freed≫ . Time magazine . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2016 ?? ?????????? 29-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 4-?? . ≪Loujain al-Hathloul and Maysaa al-Amoudi had been held since Dec. 1, after al-Hathloul, 25, attempted to drive into Saudi Arabia from the United Arab Emirates, Agence France-Presse reports.≫

[Nytimes2015-02-12-11] ≪Saudi Women Free After 73 Days in Jail for Driving≫ . The New York Times . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2017 ?? ?????????? 27-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 4-?? .

[TheIndepedent2015-02-13-12] ≪Saudi women jailed for driving 'released from prison' after two months≫ . The Independent . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2017 ?? ?????????? 12-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 4-?? .

[Wsj2015-02-12-13] ≪Saudi Arabia Releases Two Women Drivers From Jail≫ . The Wall Street Journal . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 27-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 4-?? .

[14] ??? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ???

[france24-2015-02-13-15] ≪Saudi women who defied driving ban 'freed from jail' ≫ . France 24 . 2015 ?? ???????? 13. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ????? 31-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 7-?? .

[TheNational-16] ≪Female activists detained ahead of Saudi driving ban reversal≫ . The National . 2018 ?? ?????? 20. ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ??????? 5-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 31-?? . ≪Some state-linked media outlets published the names of those detained, which include Loujain al-Hathloul, Aziza al-Yousef and Eman al-Najfan.≫

[Cnn2018-05-21-17] Sarah El Sirgany, Hilary Clarke (2018 ?? ?????? 21). ≪Saudi Arabia arrests female activists weeks before lifting of driving ban≫ . CNN . ?????????? ?????????? 2018 ?? ?????? 21-?? . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 31-?? . ≪Activists Loujain al-Hathloul, Iman al-Nafjan, Aziza al-Yousef and Aisha Almane were arrested last week, along with four male supporters, the government and Saudi media said Friday.≫

[ALQST_women_torture-18] ALQST Confirms New Details of Torture of Saudi Women Activists as British MPs Seek Access to Prisons to Investigate

[amnesty_Saudiwomen_tortured-19] 19,0 ^19,1 ≪Saudi Arabia: Reports of torture and sexual harassment of detained activists≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2019 ?? ???????? 13-?? . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ???????? 12-?? .

[Alia_aH_testimony-20] 20,0 ^20,1 My Sister Is in a Saudi Prison. Will Mike Pompeo Stay Silent?

[21] ≪Saudi women can now drive ? but activists jailed≫ . ABC News (???????????? ????????). 2018 ?? ??????? 24 . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ??????? 25-?? .

[22] ≪Saudi driving ban ends as women's rights activists remain jailed≫ . Aljazeera.com . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ??????? 25-?? .

[23] ≪Brother of Saudi woman 'being tortured in prison' fears her treatment is getting worse≫ . The Independent . 2019 ?? ???????? 22.

[24] Hubbard, Ben (2019 ?? ????? 2). ≪Saudi Arabia Moves Toward Trials of Women's Rights Activists≫ . The New York Times . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ????? 4-?? .

[25] Oppenheim, Maya (2019 ?? ????? 13). ≪Saudi women's rights campaigner who has been 'tortured and sexually harassed in prison' goes on trial≫ . The Independent . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ??????? 19-?? .

[26] ≪Saudi women's rights activists go on trial in Riyadh≫ . The Guardian . Reuters. 2019 ?? ????? 13 . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ????? 14-?? .

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