한국   대만   중국   일본 
????????? ??????????? ?????? - ????????? Jump to content

????????? ??????????? ??????

????????????? ???? ??????????????
????????? ??????????? ??????
?????? ???????? 18 , 1974
???? ? ??????? ???????????????
???? 1974 , ??????? 20 ? ???????? 18
???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? [1]
?????????????
Թուրքիա  ??????? [7] Կիպրոսի Հանրապետություն  ??????
???????? ???????????
?????????????
??????? ?????
60,000 [11] 42,000 [12] [13] [14]
???????? ??????????
????????? ??????????

????????? ??????????? ?????? ( ????? ? Τουρκικ? εισβολ? στην Κ?προ , ????????? ? Kıbrıs Barı? Harekatı ), ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???? [15] ? ??? ?????? ? 1974 ??????? ??????? 20-?? ? ???????? 1974 ??????? ???????? 18 -??? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ? ????? ??? 40 %-? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????

??????????? ???????? ? ?????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? [16] [17] ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] ? ?????? ?????????? ???????? 1974 ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ? ???????? ????? 3 %-?? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ? ???? ??????????? ???? ??????????????? ??????????????? [23] [24] ?

1974 ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ? ???????? ????? ??? 40 %-?? 1974 ???????? ??????? ????????? ? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???-? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ? ??? ≪????? ???≫? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????????? (??? ??????? ? ???????? ??????? ??????????? 1/3-?) ????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ??? 80 %-? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????

??? ??? ???? ???? 1975 ????????, ??? 60,000 ????? ??????????? (????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????) ???????????? ??????? ???? ??????? [25] [26] ?

??????? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? (???????????) ????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????????, ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? [27] ? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?, ??? ??????? ? ??????????? ??????? ????????????? [28] ?

???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ? ????? ?????????????, ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ≪????????? ????????≫ [29] ?

??????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????? ? ?????????? ????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????-?????????? 1570-1573 ?????????? ????????????? ???? 1571 ???????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? [30] [31] ? ?????????? ????? ? ??? ????????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ? ??? ?????????? ??????? ????????? 1878 ???????? ???? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ??? ? 1914 ??????? ????????? 5-?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ( ???????? ? ??????? ??? ?????? ) ????? ??? ??????????? ?

??? ????????? ???? ???????? ????????????? ??????????, ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ? ??????????? ??????? ( ???????? , ??????-????????? , ????????? )?

?????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ??? ≪?????????? ????≫ ??????? 1923 ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? 20-?? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? 21-?? ??????? ????????? ??, ?? ????????? ??????? ???????????????? ?????? ???????? (????? ???????????) ????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ??????, ?????????? ??????? , ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? [30] ?

??? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????? ? ???????? , ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ????? ≪????≫ ????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ???. ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? (????? ?????? ? ????? ???????), ? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????????? ???????? [32] ? ?????? ????? ? ????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????-????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????? [31] [33] ?

?????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ? ?????????? ????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??? ?????????? ? ???????????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? VI-? (1895-1952)

??? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ≪???????? ? ??????≫ ????????????? ????????????????? ? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????

??????? ?????? ? ???, ?? ?????????? ??????????????? 1950 ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????????????? ????????????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? 1955 ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????????????? ??? ? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????-???????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???, ??? ???????? ??????????? ????

?????? ????, ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????????? ? ??????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????????????, ??? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ? ?????????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??????????? ????????????? ????? ??????????????? ???????? ????? ????????? (1881-1938) ??????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ≪??? ???????????≫ ???????, ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????????? (????, ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? , ( ????? ? Εθνικ? Οργ?νωσι? Κυπρ?ων Αγωνιστ?ν ) ?????????? [34] ? ??? ??????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????????????? ??, ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ? ???????? ??????????? ?

??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????-??????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? 1955 ??????? ??????? 21-??: [35] [36] ????-? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????????????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????, ??? 1955 ??????? ??????????? ????????? ???????????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ? ????????????? ??? ???? ??? ????-? ????? ??????????? ?? ??? ????????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ? ?????????? ??????????????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????, ?????? ????-? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? [37] [38] [39] ?

1957 ???????? ????-? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ????????????? [40] [41] ? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ? ?????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????? ? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????????????????? ??? ????? ???????????? ?????, ??? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????????? [42] ? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????

??????? ????? ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????

?????????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????????? ????? 1960 ??????? ? 1960 ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????????, ??? ??? ????????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???? ?????????????? ??????????? ??? ??????????????? ????????, ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? 1963 ????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????, ??? ????? ???? ????????? ???????????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ? ????????? ?????????, ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? [43] ? ??? ?? ??????? ???????????????? ???????????? ???, ???? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???????????????? ????????? ???? ? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????????? 30 %-?, ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? 18,3 %-?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ???? 1963 ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ???????????????, ??? ????? ????, ??? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??? ????????????? ?????? [44] ? ????????? ?? ???????????????? ???? ? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ? ???????? ????????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????? ??, ?? 1960 ??????? ????????????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ????? ?????????, ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ??? ??? ????????????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????????????????? ????????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ?????? [45] ?

????????? ??????????? 1960 ???????? ????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????????????????? ????????? 1963 ????????? ? ???????? ????, ???????? ????? ???????????? ??????????? [46] ? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????? 21-?? ???????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? , ??? ????????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ? ???????? ???????????? ???????????, ????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ??????????????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????-????????? ???????? , ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????????????

1974 ??????? ?????????? ? ??????? ???????????? ???????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ?????????????????? ??? ????????, ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????, ??? 1974 ???????? ???????? ? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? [47] ? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ???????????

???????? ?????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? 700 ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ? ?????????? ? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? 364 ???????? ? 174 ???????? ?????? [48] , ????? ??? 109 ????????? ??????? ????????? ? ??? 25,000-30,000 ????? ??????????? ???????????? [49]  : ?????????? ?????????? ≪The Daily Telegraph≫ ??????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ? ≪????????????? ??????≫ [50] ?

?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ? ?????, ?? ????????? ? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ??? ????????????????? ???????? , ????????? , ???? ?????? ? ????????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? 1964 ??????? ??????? 5-?? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ? ????? ????????? ????????? ? ????????? ????????? ????????????????? ? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????????? ??? ???????? ???? ? ???, ?? ??????????? ????? ? ???????? ???????????????? ?????????? ???????? ???, ??? ??????? ???-? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????????????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ????????????

????????? ? ?????????? ???? ????????????????? ? ????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????????????, ????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ? ??? ?? ???????????? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ? ??? ????????? ????? ?????

1967 ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????, ???? ?? ????? ???????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????????, ??? ????????? ????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ????????????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????????

??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ?????????

?????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ???????? ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????? ??????????? 1974 ??????? ???????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????

1974 ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????????? ?, ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????????? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ??????? ? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????????

?????? ????, ?? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ? ??????????, ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????? 17-?? ??????? ???????? ? ??????????? ??????????????, ??? ???????? ? ??????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??, ?? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ??, ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ????-? ????????? ???? 1974 ??????? ??????? 2-?? ????????? ??? ???? ? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????, ????? ?? ????????????? ? ???????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????-? ??????????? ????????????????? ????????? ? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????

?????????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? 1974 ??????? ??????? 15-?? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ? ????????? ????????? ????????????????

???????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ???, ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ? ???????? ????? ???? ?????, ??????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????, ??????? ?? ??? ?????????

?????? ????????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??, ????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????????, ?? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???????????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?, ?? ????????? ??????? ?, ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ? ?????? ???????? ????????????????, ??? ?? ??????????????? ? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????????

??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ? 91 ????? ????????????? ????? ???????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ????????, ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ? ???????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ????? ????????? ???? ? ????????? ????? ????????, ?? ??????? ? ???????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ???, ?? ???????? ???-? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????????? ???????????????? ? ????? ????? 650 ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ? ??? ???????????, ????? ??????? ? ???????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ? ???????? ?????????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????

???????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ? ??????? 1974 ??????? ??????? 20-??? ????? ???? ??? ????????????????? ???????? ??????, ?? ????????? ??????????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????????????, ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ?, ?? ???????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ? ???????? ????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????????????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?? ≪??????? ????????????????≫ ????????

1974 ???????? ???-? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????, ?? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????????? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????? 3 %-?, ??? ?? ????????? ? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ????????? (????)?

??????? 20-?? 10,000 ???????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ? ????? ???????? ???????????? ?????-????????? ???????? ?????? ?, ?????? ?????????? ??, ??? ?????????` ???????

??? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????????????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ???????

????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????????? ? ????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????

?????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

  1. ↑ Fortna, Virginia Page (2004). Peace Time: Cease-fire Agreements and the Durability of Peace . Princeton University Press. ?? 89. ISBN   9780691115122 .
  2. ↑ Juliet Pearse, "Troubled Northern Cyprus fights to keep afloat" in Cyprus. Grapheio Typou kai Pl?rophori?n, Cyprus. Grapheion D?mosi?n Pl?rophori?n, Foreign Press on Cyprus ,　Public Information Office, 1979, p. 15.
  3. ↑ Joseph Weatherby, The other world: Issues and Politics of the Developing World , Longman, 2000, ISBN 978-0-8013-3266-1 , p. 285.
  4. ↑ David W. Ziegler, War, Peace, and International Politics , Longman, 1997, ISBN 978-0-673-52501-7 , p. 275.
  5. ↑ Nils Ørvik, Semialignment and Western Security , Taylor & Francis, 1986, ISBN 978-0709919513 , p. 79.
  6. ↑ Richard D. Caplan, Europe and the Recognition of New States in Yugoslavia , Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-521-82176-6 , p. 104. (???????? ?????) , on the refusal of legal recognition of the Turkish Cypriot state, see S.K.N. Blay, "Self-Determination in Cyprus: The New Dimensions of an Old Conflict" , 10 Australian Yearbook of International Law (1987), pp. 67?100.
  7. ↑ ≪Figures and Statistics of Missing Persons≫ (PDF) . Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus. ?????????? ? ?????????? (PDF) 2015 ?? ??????? 21-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ??????? 17-?? .
  8. ↑ Tocci, Nathalie (2007). The EU and Conflict Resolution: Promoting Peace in the Backyard . Routledge. ?? 32. ISBN   9781134123384 .
  9. ↑ Michael, Michalis Stavrou (2011). Resolving the Cyprus Conflict: Negotiating History . Palgrave Macmillan. ?? 130. ISBN   9781137016270 .
  10. ↑ Katholieke Universiteit Brussel, 2004 "Euromosaic III: Presence of Regional and Minority Language Groups in the New Member States", p.18
  11. ↑ American University (Washington, D.C.). Foreign Area Studies; Eugene K. Keefe (1980). Cyprus, a country study . Foreign Area Studies, American University : for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 5-?? . ≪Authoritative figures for casualties during the two- phased military operation were not published; available estimates listed Greek Cypriot losses at 6,000 dead and Turkish losses at 1,500 dead and 2,000 wounded...≫
  12. ↑ Bruce W. Jentleson; Thomas G. Paterson; Council on Foreign Relations (1997). Encyclopedia of US foreign relations . Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-511059-3 . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 5-?? . ≪Greek/Greek Cypriot casualties were estimated at 6,000 and Turkish/Turkish Cypriot casualties at 3,500, including 1,500 dead...≫
  13. ↑ Tony Jaques (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity Through the Twenty-First Century . Greenwood Publishing Group. ?? 556. ISBN   978-0-313-33538-9 . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 5-?? . ≪The invasion cost about 6,000 Greek Cypriot and 1500-3.500 Turkish casualties (20 July 1974).≫
  14. ↑ Thomas M. Wilson; Hastings Donnan (2012 ?? ??????? 19). A Companion to Border Studies . John Wiley & Sons. ?? 44. ISBN   978-1-4051-9893-6 . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 5-?? . ≪The partition of India was accompanied by a death toll variously credibly estimated at between 200,000 and 2 million. ... In the Turkish invasion and partition of Cyprus, 6,000 Greek Cypriots were killed and 2,000 reported missing, and some 1500 Turks and Turkish-Cypriots killed.≫
  15. ↑ Vincent Morelli (2011 ?? ?????). Cyprus: Reunification Proving Elusive . DIANE Publishing. ?? 1. ISBN   978-1-4379-8040-0 . ≪The Greek Cypriots and much of the international community refer to it as an "invasion.≫
  16. ↑ Solanakis, Mihail. ≪Operation "Niki" 1974: A suicide mission to Cyprus≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2008 ?? ?????????? 20-?? . ??????? ? 2009 ?? ??????? 10-?? .
  17. ↑ ≪U.S. Library of Congress ? Country Studies ? Cyprus ? Intercommunal Violence≫ . Countrystudies.us. 1963 ?? ?????????? 21 . ??????? ? 2009 ?? ??????? 26-?? .
  18. ↑ Mallinson, William (2005 ?? ??????? 30). Cyprus: A Modern History . I. B. Tauris. ?? 81. ISBN   978-1-85043-580-8 .
  19. ↑ BBC: Turkey urges fresh Cyprus talks (2006-01-24)
  20. ↑ Papadakis, Yiannis (2003). ≪Nation, narrative and commemoration: political ritual in divided Cyprus≫ . History and Anthropology . Routledge. 14 (3): 253?270. doi : 10.1080/0275720032000136642 . ≪[...] culminating in the 1974 coup aimed at the annexation of Cyprus to Greece≫
  21. ↑ Atkin, Nicholas; Biddiss, Michael; Tallett, Frank. The Wiley-Blackwell Dictionary of Modern European History Since 1789 . ?? 184. ISBN   9781444390728 .
  22. ↑ Journal of international law and practice, Volume 5 . Detroit College of Law at Michigan State University. 1996. ?? 204.
  23. ↑ Strategic review, Volume 5 (1977), United States Strategic Institute, p. 48 .
  24. ↑ Allcock, John B. Border and territorial disputes (1992), Longman Group, p. 55 .
  25. ↑ Pericleous, Chrysostomos (2009). Cyprus Referendum: A Divided Island and the Challenge of the Annan Plan . I.B. Tauris. ?? 201. ISBN   9780857711939 .
  26. ↑ "1974: Turkey Invades Cyprus" BBC 2010. Web. Retrieved: 2 October 2010. < http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/20/newsid_3866000/3866521.stm >
  27. ↑ Quigley. The Statehood of Palestine . Cambridge University Press. ?? 164. ISBN   978-1-139-49124-2 . ≪The international community found this declaration invalid, on the ground that Turkey had occupied territory belonging to Cyprus and that the putative state was therefore an infringement on Cypriot sovereignty.≫
  28. ↑ Salin, Ibrahm (2004). Cyprus: Ethnic Political Components . Oxford: University Press of America. ?? 29.
  29. ↑ James Ker-Lindsay; Hubert Faustmann; Fiona Mullen (2011 ?? ?????? 15). An Island in Europe: The EU and the Transformation of Cyprus . I.B.Tauris. ?? 15. ISBN   978-1-84885-678-3 . ≪Classified as illegal under international law, the occupation of the northern part leads automatically to an illegal occupation of EU territory since Cyprus' accession.≫
  30. ↑ 30,0 30,1 ≪Treaty of Lausanne≫ . byu.edu .
  31. ↑ 31,0 31,1 Smith, M. "Explaining Partition: Reconsidering the role of the security dilemma in the Cyprus crisis of 1974. Diss. University of New Hampshire, 2009. ProQuest 15 October 2010, 52
  32. ↑ James S. Corum, Bad Strategies: How Major Powers Fail in Counterinsurgency , Zenith Imprint, 2008, ISBN 978-0-7603-3080-7 , pp. 109?110.
  33. ↑ Sedat Laciner, Mehmet Ozcan and Ihsan Bal, USAK Yearbook of International Politics and Law , USAK Books, 2008, p. 444.
  34. ↑ The Cyprus Revolt: An Account of the Struggle for Union with Greece ?????????? 2016-01-11 Wayback Machine , by Nancy Crawshaw (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1978), pp. 114?129.
  35. ↑ It-Serve. ≪A Snapshot of Active Service in 'A' Company Cyprus 1958?59≫ . The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders (Princess Louise's). ?????????? ? ?????????? 2019 ?? ?????????? 19-?? . ??????? ? 2008 ?? ????????? 24-?? .
  36. ↑ Dumper, Michael; Stanley, Bruce E., eds. (2007). Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia . ABC-CLIO. ?? 279. ISBN   9781576079195 .
  37. ↑ French, David (2015). Fighting EOKA: The British Counter-Insurgency Campaign on Cyprus, 1955-1959 . Oxford University Press. ???? 258?9. ISBN   9780191045592 .
  38. ↑ Isachenko, Daria (2012). The Making of Informal States: Statebuilding in Northern Cyprus and Transdniestria . Palgrave Macmillan. ???? 38?39. ISBN   9780230392069 . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ???????? 28-?? .
  39. ↑ Roni Alasor, Sifreli Mesaj: "Trene bindir!" , ISBN 960-03-3260-6
  40. ↑ ≪Denkta?'tan ?ok acıklama≫ (Turkish). Milliyet . 1995 ?? ???????? 9. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2016 ?? ????? 5-?? . ??????? ? 2016 ?? ??????? 3-?? . {{ cite news }} : CS1 ????? ????????? ????? ( link )
  41. ↑ Arif Hasan Tahsin, The rise of Dektash to power , ISBN 9963-7738-3-4
  42. ↑ Cyprus Dimension of Turkish Foreign Policy ?????????? 2019-04-07 Wayback Machine , by Mehmet Fatih Oztarsu (Strategic Outlook, 2011)
  43. ↑ The Outbreak of Communal Strife, 1958 ?????????? 2016-01-11 Wayback Machine The Guardian, London.
  44. ↑ Reynolds, Douglas (2012). Turkey, Greece, and the Borders of Europe. Images of Nations in the West German Press 1950-1975 . Frank & Timme GmbH. ?? 91. ISBN   9783865964410 .
  45. ↑ Eric Solsten, ed. Cyprus: A Country Study , Library of Congress, Washington, DC, 1991.
  46. ↑ ≪The Divisive Problem of the Municipalities≫ . Cyprus-conflict.net. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2002 ?? ????????? 25-?? . ??????? ? 2008 ?? ????????? 23-?? .
  47. ↑ Henn, Francis (2004). A Business of Some Heat: The United Nations Force in Cyprus Before and During the 1974 Turkish Invasion . Casemate Publisher. ???? 106?7. ISBN   9781844150816 . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ????? 16-?? .
  48. ↑ Oberling, Pierre. The road to Bellapais (1982), Social Science Monographs, p.120 : "According to official records, 364 Turkish Cypriots and 174 Greek Cypriots were killed during the 1963-1964 crisis."
  49. ↑ Hoffmeister, Frank (2006). Legal aspects of the Cyprus problem: Annan Plan and EU accession . EMartinus Nijhoff Publishers. ???? 17?20. ISBN   978-90-04-15223-6 .
  50. ↑ Telegraph View (represents the editorial opinion of The Daily Telegraph and The Sunday Telegraph) (2007 ?? ?????? 30). ≪Turkish distractions≫ . The Daily Telegraph . ??????? ? 2011 ?? ???????? 8-?? . ≪we called for intervention in Cyprus when the anti-Turkish pogroms began in the 1960s≫
??????????? ???? ???????, ????? ?????????? ?? ≪????????? ??????????? ??????≫ ?????????
LCCN :  sh2003000122
??????? ???????????????
???????????
????? ????????
????????? ?????
??????
????????????????
✯
 ??? ??????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????????? ? {{{1}}} ??????? {{{2}}} ??????? ?????? ?
??????? ? ≪ https://hy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=?????????_???????????_??????&oldid=9798222 ≫ ????