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 Taliban ?????????????
?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??????????, ?? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?????? 2016 ??????? ???????? 21-? ?????????

???????? , ??????? ( ??????? ? ??????  ? ???????? ??????????, ??????????), ????????? ???????, ?? ????? ? ???? ???????????? ? ???????????? ???????? 1994 ???????? ? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ? ??????????? ??? ????????? ? ?????????? 1996 - 2001 ??????????? (≪?????????? ????????? ???????????≫)? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????????? , ????????? ? ???????? ??????? [32] ? 2016 ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ? ???????????? ??????????? [33] [34] [35] ?

≪???????≫ ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????, ???? ????????? ? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????????? [36] [37] ? 1996-2001 ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????????? ???, ?????? ???-? ?????? ???????????????? 160 000 ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????, ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???? [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] ? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????????? ? ????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ?? ????? 2010 ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? 76 ??????, 2011 ? 2012 ???????????? 80 ?????? ????? [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] ? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??? ??????????? ??????????????? ? ??????????? ???????? ????????????, ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????? 1500-???? ?????? ????????? [50] [51] [52] [53] ?

???-? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ? ??????????? ???????????????? 2003 ???????? [54] ?

2021 ???????? ???? -? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? [55] ? 2021 ??????? ???????? 15-? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????????????, ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????????????? ????? [55] ?

???????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

≪???????≫ ( ??????? ? ?????? [??lib?n]) ???? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ? ≪??????????≫ ? ≪?????≫ ???? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ? ?????????? ???????? ≪?????≫ ( ????? ? ???? ‎‎ [??lib] ? ≪???????≫, ≪???????≫) ?????, ???? ????????? ? ????????? ??????? ??? ≪??≫ ( ??????? ? ?? ) ????????????????? ??????????? ≪???????≫ ( ????? ? ?????? ‎‎) ???? ????????? ? ?? ?? ≪??????????≫, ??? ≪????? ???????≫ (?????? ???)? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ? ????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ? ???????? ??? ?????? ≪???????≫ ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????????? ???? ≪???????≫ ???? ????? ? ??????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ( ????. ? John Walker Lindh , ??? ????????, ?? ?????????? ?????????) ??????????? ? ????? ≪????????? ???????≫, ?? ?? ????? ≪????????? ?????≫? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ≪??????????≫ ( ????. ? Talibans ) ???? ????? ???????????? ? ??? ???????, ??? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ???????????? ≪???????≫ (Taliban) ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ? ≪???????≫ (Taleban) ??? ???????? [56] [57] ?

??????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????? ?????????? ? 1994 ??????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ???????????? [7] ? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? 15 000 ????, ?????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ????? ?????????? ? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????????? [7] ? 1994-? ????????? 3-?? ????????? ?????? ?? ????????? [7] ?

1995  ???????? ????????? ??? -? ?????? ???????????? [58] ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? , ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????, ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????-??????????

1996 ??????? ?????????? 27-?? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ??????????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????? ? ??????????? ??????? , ??? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? (????? ??? ??????? ? ????????????? ??????? ??????????????) ? ??????????? (??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????????????) ? ?????? ? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ? ??????????? ???????????????? ????????????? ( ???????? ?????????? ???????? ) ?????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????

2001 ??????? ?????????? 11-? ??????????? ??????????????? ???? ??? -? ????? ? ??????????????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ? 2003 ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????, ?? ?????????????? ?? ? ??????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ???-? ???? 2004 ???????? ????? ????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ≪????????? ? ?? ??????????? ???≫ [59] ?

??? ≪????????? ?????? ?????????≫ ???????????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? 2014 ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ??????? ????? 70 %-?, ??? ????? ??? ???????, ????????, ??????, ?????????, ?????????, ??????, ????????, ??????, ????? ? ??? ????????? ????-? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ???? [60] ?

2013 ??????? ?????? 23-?? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ????? ????????? ????? [61] ? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? 2015 ??????? [61] ? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????????

2014 ??????? ?????? 31-?? ???????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ????????? ????? ? ????????????? ????? ???? ????????????? ???, ????? ????????? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????????????? [62] [63] ?

?????????? ????????????? ????????????? ?????? ?????-????????? ??????? ??? ???????? 2002 ??????? ???????? 13-?? ?????????? ≪???????????≫ ?????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????? ?, ?? ≪???????≫ ???????? ???????? ? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? [64] .

??? ?????? ???????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? 30 ????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?? ???????????, ??? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????, ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????. ??? ???-? ??? ????????? ? ????? ???????? ????????????, ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?????????????? ? ????????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????????? ????????????

????????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????????????????? 1980-???? ??????????? ????-? ??? ????? ???????????, ??? ????? ??? ?????????? ???-?? ?????????????? ????? ????? ?????????? [65] [66] , ??? 1980-???? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????????

2016 ??????? ?????? 21-?? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ? ??????? ??? ?????????, ??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? 22-?? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?

????????? ??????? ???? ? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????, ????? ??????????? ???? ? ??? ???????, ??? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????????? [67] ?

??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? [68] ?

2017 ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????????????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????????? [69] [70] ?

2018 ??????? ??????? 9-?? ????? 17 ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????????? ???, ??? ???? ? ????? ??????? 15-? [71] ? ??????? 21-? ????? 22-? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ??? [72] ?

2018 ??????? ???????? 19-?? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?, ?? ???????? 20-?? ????????? ? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????????? [73] ?

2019 ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ? ??????? ???????????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????????? ? ?????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ????, ????? ????? ? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ????????? ????????????????, ?? ??????? ?? 14 ???????, ????????? ? ????? ??????? ??????? [74] ?

2020 ??????? ???????? 29-?? ???????? ? ???-? ???????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? , ??? ??????????? ???-? ???????? ? ??????????? ?? ? ???? -? ????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????, ??????? ???????? ???????? ? ??????? ≪??-?????≫ ??????????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ?? ??????????????? ????? ?????? ????????????, ? ??????????? ????? ???????????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ??? [75] ? ?????????? ?????? ???????????????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ??? ???? [75] ?

2021 ???????? ???-? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? [55] ? 2021 ??????? ???????? 15-? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????????????, ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????????????? ????? [55] ?

?????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ?, ???????? ? ????????????????? . ????????????? ??, ?? ?????????? ? ??? ??????????????????, ??? ??????????, ???????? ? ?? ?????? ? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ? ??????? ???????, ????? ????????? ???? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????????????????? , ?????????????? ?? ?????????? ??????????, ??????????? , ????????, ?????????????? ? ?????????, ??????? , ?????? ????? (??????? ????????? ????? ??????), ????? ????? ??? ????????????? ? ???? [76] ? ??????????? ??????????? ? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ? ???????, ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???, ??? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????, ????????? ????????????? ? ????????? ???????????????? ?????? ????? (2001 ???????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ????? 1 %-?)?

2001 ??????? ???????? 26-?? ????? ????? ?????????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ????? [77] ? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????????? , ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? 3-?? ? 4-?? ????????, ???? ????????????? ????? ? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ???????? [78] ? ????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????? [79] ?

????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????? ????????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????

??????????? ???????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

  • 2009 ??????? ?????????? 8-?? ???????? ????????? ????????? ? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ? 17 ???? (2 ??????? ? 12 ????? ??????), ??? ????? ??? 80-? ?????? ?? ???????????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ≪???????≫ ??????? ????????????????? [80] [81] ?
  • 2009 ??????? ?????????? 28-?? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ???, ???? ??????????? ???-? 6 ????????? ?????? ?, 9-?? ???????????
  • 2010 ??????? ???????? 6-?? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?? International Assistance Mission ?????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ???? ????? ?????????????, ????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????????????, ??? ??????????,?
  • 2011 ??????? ?????????? 31-?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???-? ???? ????????????, ???? ????????????? ???? ? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ? ??????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????? [82] [83] ?
  • 2012 ??????? ?????????? 4-?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????????????????? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? 20 ? ?????????? ????? ??? 50 ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ?? ??? ? ??????? ≪???????≫ ???????? [84] ?
  • 2014 ??????? ???????? 17-?? ???????? ????????? ???? ????????? ? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ? 21 ????, ??? ?????? ???-? ???? ?????????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ≪???????≫ ??????? ????????????????? [85] [86] ?

?????? ?? ??????, ??? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ??????, 2007 ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????, ?? ?? ??????? ? ???????? [87] ? 2010 ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? 7-???? ?????, ??? ????????? ? ??????????? ??? [88] ? 2011 ???????? ????? ????? ?? 8-???? ?????, ??? ?????, ????????? ?????????????????, ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? [89] ?

???????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

  1. ↑ Giustozzi, Antonio (2009). Decoding the new Taliban: insights from the Afghan field . Columbia University Press. ??  249 . ISBN   978-0-231-70112-9 .
  2. ↑ Clements, Frank A. (2003). Conflict in Afghanistan: An Encyclopedia (Roots of Modern Conflict) . ABC-CLIO. ??  219 . ISBN   978-1-85109-402-8 .
  3. ↑ ≪The Non-Pashtun Taleban of the North: A case study from Badakhshan ? Afghanistan Analysts Network≫ . www.Afghanistan-Analysts.org . 2017 ?? ???????? 3 . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ???????? 21-?? .
  4. ↑ Whine, Michael (2001 ?? ?????????? 1). ≪Islamism and Totalitarianism: Similarities and Differences≫. Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions . 2 (2): 54?72. doi : 10.1080/714005450 . S2CID   146940668 .
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Deobandi Islam: The Religion of the Taliban U. S. Navy Chaplain Corps, 15 October 2001
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Maley, William (2001). Fundamentalism Reborn? Afghanistan and the Taliban . C Hurst & Co. ?? 14. ISBN   978-1-85065-360-8 .
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 7,4 'The Taliban' . Mapping Militant Organizations. Stanford University. Updated 15 July 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  8. ↑ Ogata, Sadako N. (2005). The Turbulent Decade: Confronting the Refugee Crises of the 1990s . W. W. Norton & Company. ??  286 . ISBN   978-0-393-05773-7 .
  9. ↑ McNamara, Melissa (2006 ?? ???????? 31). ≪The Taliban In Afghanistan≫ . CBS . ??????? ? 2016 ?? ??????? 5-?? .
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 ≪Did you know that there are two different Taliban groups?≫ . www.digitaljournal.com . 2013 ?? ?????? 1.
  11. ↑ ≪Taliban - Oxford Islamic Studies Online≫ . www.oxfordislamicstudies.com . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2014 ?? ???????? 12-?? . ??????? ? 2021 ?? ???????? 15-?? .
  12. ↑ ≪Afghan Taliban≫ . National Counterterrorism Center . ?????????? ?????????? 2015 ?? ?????? 9-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ?????? 7-?? .
  13. ↑ Rashid, Taliban (2000)
  14. ↑ ≪Why are Customary Pashtun Laws and Ethics Causes for Concern? | Center for Strategic and International Studies≫ . Csis.org. 2010 ?? ?????????? 19. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2010 ?? ????????? 9-?? . ??????? ? 2014 ?? ???????? 18-?? .
  15. ↑ ≪Understanding taliban through the prism of Pashtunwali code≫ . CF2R. 2013 ?? ????????? 30. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2014 ?? ???????? 10-?? . ??????? ? 2014 ?? ???????? 18-?? .
  16. ↑ ≪Taliban Leader Feared Pakistan Before He Was Killed≫ . New York Times . 2017 ?? ???????? 9.
  17. ↑ ≪Qatar's Dirty Hands≫ . National Review . 2017 ?? ???????? 3.
  18. ↑ ≪Saudi has evidence Qatar supports Taliban: Envoy≫ . Pajhwok Afghan News . 2017 ?? ???????? 7.
  19. ↑ 19,0 19,1 ≪Why did Saudi Arabia and Qatar, allies of the US, continue to fund the Taliban after the 2001 war?≫ . scroll.in . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ?????? 19-?? .
  20. ↑ ≪Iranian Support for Taliban Alarms Afghan Officials≫ . Middle East Institute . 2017 ?? ???????? 9. ≪Both Tehran and the Taliban denied cooperation during the first decade after the US intervention, but the unholy alliance is no longer a secret and the two sides now unapologetically admit and publicize it.≫
  21. ↑ Kugelman, Michael. ≪What Was Mullah Mansour Doing in Iran?≫ .
  22. ↑ ≪Iran Backs Taliban With Cash and Arms≫ . The Wall Street Journal . 2015 ?? ??????? 11 . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ??????? 13-?? .
  23. ↑ Small, Andrew (2015 ?? ???????? 23). ≪China's Man in the Taliban≫ . Foreign Policy Argument . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ??????? 26-?? .
  24. ↑ Danahar, Paul (2007 ?? ?????????? 3). ≪Taleban 'getting Chinese arms' ≫ . BBC . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ??????? 26-?? .
  25. ↑ ≪Is Russia arming the Afghan Taliban?≫ . BBC News . 2018 ?? ?????.
  26. ↑ Diplomat, Samuel Ramani, The. ≪What's Behind Saudi Arabia's Turn Away From the Taliban?≫ . The Diplomat . {{ cite web }} : CS1 ????? ???????? ????????: authors list ( link )
  27. ↑ ≪Taliban and the Northern Alliance≫ . US Gov Info . About.com. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2016 ?? ???????? 1-?? . ??????? ? 2009 ?? ????????? 26-?? .
  28. ↑ 9/11 seven years later: US 'safe,' South Asia in turmoil ?????????? 10 ??????? 2015 Wayback Machine . Retrieved 24 August 2010.
  29. ↑ Hamilton, Fiona; Coates, Sam; Savage, Michael (2010 ?? ????? 3). ≪MajorGeneral Richard Barrons puts Taleban fighter numbers at 36000≫ . The Times . London.
  30. ↑ ≪Despite Massive Taliban Death Toll No Drop in Insurgency≫ . Voice of America . Akmal Dawi. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2016 ?? ??????? 3-?? . ??????? ? 2014 ?? ??????? 17-?? .
  31. ↑ ≪Afghanistan's Security Forces Versus the Taliban: A Net Assessment≫ . Combating Terrorism Center at West Point (????????? ????????). 2021 ?? ???????? 14. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2021 ?? ???????? 15-?? . ??????? ? 2021 ?? ???????? 14-?? .
  32. ↑ * Туранова Е. Талибан в Афганистане: возвращение к власти или путь в никуда? Часть 1 // Международное обозрение: Восток+Запад, 26.05.2010 ( копия )
  33. ↑ ≪Afghan Taliban announce successor to Mullah Mansour≫ . BBC News . 2015 ?? ?????? 26 . ??????? ? 2016 ?? ?????? 26-?? .
  34. ↑ ≪U.S., Gulf States Blacklist Afghan Taliban, Iranian Officers For Terrorist Financing≫ . RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty .
  35. ↑ ≪Quetta: Symbol of Pakistan's war on militants or Taliban haven?≫ . The National . 2017 ?? ?????? 2.
  36. ↑ Skain, Rosemarie (2002). The women of Afghanistan under the Taliban . McFarland. ?? 41. ISBN   978-0-7864-1090-3 .
  37. ↑ * Gerstenzan, James; Getter, Lisa (2001 ?? ????????? 18). ≪Laura Bush Addresses State of Afghan Women≫ . Los Angeles Times . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 14-?? . * ≪Women's Rights in the Taliban and Post-Taliban Eras≫ . A Woman Among Warlords . PBS . 2007 ?? ?????????? 11 . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 14-?? .
  38. ↑ Rashid, Ahmed (2002). Taliban: Islam, Oil and the New Great Game in Central Asia . I.B.Tauris. ??  253 . ISBN   978-1-86064-830-4 .
  39. ↑ Gargan, Edward A (2001 ?? ?????????). ≪Taliban massacres outlined for UN≫ . Chicago Tribune .
  40. ↑ ≪Confidential UN report details mass killings of civilian villagers≫ . Newsday . newsday.org. 2001. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2002 ?? ????????? 18-?? . ??????? ? 2001 ?? ?????????? 12-?? .
  41. ↑ U.N. says Taliban starving hungry people for military agenda , Associated Press, 1998 ?? ???????? 7
  42. ↑ Goodson, Larry P. (2002). Afghanistan's Endless War: State Failure, Regional Politics and the Rise of the Taliban . University of Washington Press. ??  121 . ISBN   978-0-295-98111-6 .
  43. ↑ ≪Re-Creating Afghanistan: Returning to Istalif≫ . NPR. 2002 ?? ???????? 1. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2013 ?? ?????????? 23-??.
  44. ↑ ISAF has participating forces from 39 countries, including all 26 NATO members. See ISAF Troop Contribution Placement (PDF) , NATO, 2007 ?? ?????????? 5, ?????????? ? ?????????? (PDF) 2009 ?? ????????? 9-??
  45. ↑ Skaine, Rosemarie (2009). Women of Afghanistan in the Post-Taliban Era: How Lives Have Changed and Where They Stand Today . McFarland. ?? 41. ISBN   978-0-7864-3792-4 .
  46. ↑ Shanty, Frank (2011). The Nexus: International Terrorism and Drug Trafficking from Afghanistan . Praeger. ????  86 ?88. ISBN   978-0-313-38521-6 .
  47. ↑ ≪Citing rising death toll, UN urges better protection of Afghan civilians≫ . United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan . 2011 ?? ????? 9. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2011 ?? ??????? 26-??.
  48. ↑ Haddon, Katherine (2011 ?? ?????????? 6). ≪Afghanistan marks 10 years since war started≫ . Agence France-Presse. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2011 ?? ?????????? 10-??.
  49. ↑ ≪UN: Taliban Responsible for 76% of Deaths in Afghanistan≫ . The Weekly Standard . 2010 ?? ???????? 10. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2011 ?? ???????? 2-?? . ??????? ? 2021 ?? ???????? 15-?? .
  50. ↑ Novic, Elisa (2016 ?? ?????????? 13). The Concept of Cultural Genocide: An International Law Perspective (????????). Oxford University Press. ?? 1. ISBN   9780191090912 .
  51. ↑ Kinloch, Graham Charles; Mohan, Raj P. (2005). Genocide: Approaches, Case Studies, and Responses (????????). Algora Publishing. ???? 220?229, 313?314. ISBN   9780875863818 .
  52. ↑ ≪GENERAL ASSEMBLY 'APPALLED' BY EDICT ON DESTRUCTION OF AFGHAN SHRINES; STRONGLY URGES TALIBAN TO HALT IMPLEMENTATION | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases≫ . www.un.org (????????). The United Nations . 2001 ?? ????? 9 . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ???????? 2-?? .
  53. ↑ ≪Cultural 'cleansing' exposes outrageous methods of Taliban | The Japan Times≫ . The Japan Times (????????? ????????) . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ???????? 2-?? .
  54. ↑ Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 1267 (1999) concerning Al-Qaida and the Taliban and Associated Individuals and Entities
  55. ↑ 55,0 55,1 55,2 55,3 ≪Захват талибами Афганистана: что известно на этот момент≫ . BBC News Русская служба (????????). 2021 ?? ???????? 15 . ??????? ? 2021 ?? ???????? 15-?? .
  56. ↑ ≪English <-> Arabic Online Dictionary≫ . Ectaco. 2006 ?? ?????????? 28 . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 2-?? .
  57. ↑ Adam Curtis. ≪From 'Taleban' to 'Taliban' ≫ . BBC . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 2-?? .
  58. ↑ Барабанов В. А. Российский ВПК: история и современность : монография . ? Альфа, 2002. ? С. 19. ? 238 с.
  59. ↑ Gall, Carlotta (2004 ?? ????????? 13). ≪Asia: Afghanistan: Taliban Leader Vows Return≫ . New York Times .
  60. ↑ Интервью с военным амиром Иттихад исламского джихада ?????????? 2014-04-07 Wayback Machine // sodiqlar.info, 26.03.2014
  61. ↑ 61,0 61,1 ≪Власти Афганистана: лидер талибов мулла Омар мертв≫ . BBC News Русская служба (????????). 2015 ?? ??????? 29 . ??????? ? 2021 ?? ???????? 17-?? .
  62. ↑ Афганистан: единственный военнопленный из США освобожден // Русская служба Би-би-си, 31.05.2014
  63. ↑ Боуман М. Законодатели требуют ответов на вопросы об освобождении Бергдала ?????????? 2014-06-06 Wayback Machine // Голос Америки, 05.06.2014
  64. ↑ ≪Da sind Spuren wie von einer trampelnden Elefantenherde≫ . Der Tagesspiegel (??????????). 13.01.2002. ?????????? ?????????? 2012 ?? ???????? 4-?? . ??????? ? 2011 ?? ????????? 5-?? .
  65. ↑ Joseph Fitchett (26 сентября 2001). ≪What About the Taliban's Stingers?≫ (????????). International Herald Tribune. ?????????? ?????????? 2012 ?? ???????? 4-?? . ??????? ? 2011 ?? ????????? 5-?? .
  66. ↑ ROBERT PEAR (18 сентября 1988). ≪Arming Afghan Guerrillas: A Huge Effort Led by U.S.≫ (????????). The New York Times. ?????????? ?????????? 2012 ?? ???????? 4-?? . ??????? ? 2011 ?? ????????? 5-?? .
  67. ↑ Командир ≪Талибана≫ подтвердил гибель лидера движения // Известия, 22.05.2016
  68. ↑ Талибы назначили преемника своего убитого лидера // Интерфакс, 25.05.2016
  69. ↑ ≪Талибы призвали Трампа вывести войска из Афганистана≫ . РИА Новости . 15.08.2017.
  70. ↑ Меликов В. (15.08.2017). ≪Талибы потребовали от Трампа убрать американские войска из Афганистана≫ . Федеральное агентство новостей . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2019 ?? ?????? 22-?? . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ?????????? 13-?? .
  71. ↑ ≪Талибы впервые за 17 лет объявили временное перемирие с правительством Афганистана≫ . gordonua.com . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ???????? 20-?? .
  72. ↑ ≪15 members of uprising force killed in Taliban attacks≫ . Pajhwok Afghan News . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ???????? 20-?? .
  73. ↑ ≪Ashraf Ghani on Twitter≫ . Twitter (????????) . ??????? ? 2018 ?? ???????? 20-?? .
  74. ↑ ≪В Москву вновь приехали талибы, они встретились с Лавровым≫ . svoboda.org . Радио Свобода. 2019 ?? ?????? 28 . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ??????? 6-?? .
  75. ↑ 75,0 75,1 ≪US and Taliban sign deal to end 18-year Afghan war≫ . BBC News . 2020 ?? ???????? 29. ?????????? ?????????? 2021 ?? ???????? 5-??.
  76. ↑ Amy Waldman A Nation Challenged: the Law; No TV, no Chess, No Kites: Taliban’s Code, from A to Z. // New York Times , 22.11.2001
  77. ↑ * Талибы разрушат памятники ≪неисламских≫ религий // Утро.ру, 27.02.2001
  78. ↑ * Тульский М. ООН против талибов // Независимая газета, 01.03.2011
  79. ↑ * Мусульманские страны осудили акт уничтожения талибами буддистских памятников архитектуры ?????????? 2013-05-12 Wayback Machine // РБК , 01.03.2002
  80. ↑ Taliban kill 17 in Indian embassy bombing in Kabul (???????? ? 27 ?????????? 2012)
  81. ↑ Bombing at Indian Embassy in Kabul Kills 17 ?????????? 2014-01-03 Wayback Machine (???????? ? 27 ?????????? 2012)
  82. ↑ Deadly blast hits Kandahar (???????? ? 25 ????????? 2011)
  83. ↑ Taliban attack targets U.S. agency in Kandahar ?????????? 2011-11-22 Wayback Machine (???????? ? 25 ????????? 2011)
  84. ↑ При взрыве в Нангархаре погибли не менее 20 мирных жителей (???????? ? 5 ?????????? 2012)
  85. ↑ В теракте в Кабуле погиб гражданин России
  86. ↑ IMF and UN officials killed in Kabul restaurant attack
  87. ↑ В афганской провинции Пактика талибы убили школьника за изучение английского языка ?????????? 2012-03-15 Wayback Machine (???????? ? 7 ???????? 2011)
  88. ↑ Афганские талибы казнили за шпионаж семилетнего ребёнка (???????? ? 7 ???????? 2011)
  89. ↑ Боевики движения Талибан казнили восьмилетнего ребёнка (???????? ? 7 ???????? 2011)
  90. ↑ ≪Библиотека КонтиненТа≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2007 ?? ????? 26-?? . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ?????????? 11-?? .
  91. ↑ Государственный и Политический строй Афганистана?
  92. ↑ ≪Brutal one-legged fanatic who loves the limelight ? Telegraph≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2007 ?? ????? 27-?? . ??????? ? 2021 ?? ??????? 13-?? .
  93. ↑ ≪Талибы в Афганистане увеличили свою численность на 35 процентов≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2010 ?? ?????? 29-?? . ??????? ? 2019 ?? ?????????? 11-?? .
  94. ↑ Jihadist threat not as big as you think (Opinion) ?????????? 2019-02-09 Wayback Machine // CNN , 26.09.2014
  95. ↑ Akmal Dawi Despite Massive Taliban Death Toll No Drop in Insurgency? ?????????? 2016-08-03 Wayback Machine // Voice of America, 06.03.2014

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GND :  4512012-2 · ISNI :  0000000106792027 · LCCN :  no98126907 · NKC :  kn20030103008 · VIAF :  121766659 · WorldCat VIAF :  121766659
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