????????? ???????????

????????????? ???? ??????????????
????????? ???????????? ?????
????????? ???????????

????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????????????? ???? ?, ???????????? ? ??????????? ???????????, ??????????? ????????, ?? ???????????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????? [1] ? ??????????????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????? ????????? [2] ? ???????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ????????????? ??????????? 28 ??????????, ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????????????? (????.? commissionners ?????) [3] ?
?? ????????????? ?????-?????????? ???? ??? ?????, ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????????????? [2] ? ????????? 28 ???????????????? ???? ??????? ? ???????????? ???????, ??? ?????????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ?????????, ??? ???????????? ???????? ? ????????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ? ?????? 27 ??????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????????????? ????? ??? [4] ? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ? ??? ???? ????????, ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ? 2014 ????????? ??? ??????? ? ??????????????????? ??????, ??? 23000 ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?, ????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ? ???????????????? ????????????????? [5] ? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ?????????, ?????????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ? ???????? ????????

??????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ?????, ????????, ??????

????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????????????????? ???? ?, ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????? 1950 ??????? ?????? 9-?? [6] ? 1951 ???????? ??? ?????????????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ? ???? ??? ???? ? ???????? ???????????????? ?????? ?? ????????????????? ????

?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ???????????? ????? ?????? 1951 ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ??? ????? ????????????? ?????? ??? ?????????????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ?????? 1952 ??????? ???????? 10-?? ????????????????? 1958 ???????? ????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? (????????)? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????, ??? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ??????????????, ???????? ??????????????????? 1965 ???????? ???????????? ???? ?? ???? ????????????? ? ??? ?????-???????? ???? ≪?????? ???????? ???????≫ -?? ????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????????, ?? ??? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????, ??????????????? ????????? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????

??? ????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ????????? [7] ? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? [8] ? ????????????? ?????? ????????? (????.? The International Herald Tribune) ????????? ????, ?? ?? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? 1992 ????????, ≪????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ???????????????? ?? ???? ??? ???????, ??? ??????????????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????????, ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ???? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? 1985-88 ???????????, ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???, ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????, ???????? ?? ????????? ????????? ???≫ [9] ?

??? ?????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ???? 1999 ???????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? [10] However the Santer Commission did carry out work on the Amsterdam Treaty and the euro. [11] ? ?? ?????? ????? ??, ?? ????????? ???????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ????, ????????????? ?????? ? ??? ?????, ?? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????

?????? ????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????????, ??? ???????, ??????? ???????????, ???? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????????? [12] [13] ? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????? ???????????? 2001 ??????? ???? ????????????

???? ??????? ?????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

2004 ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ?????????? 2004 ????????, ??? ?? ?????-???????? ???? ????? 25-?? ???????? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? 2009 ??????? ?????????? 31-?? [14] ? ???? ??????????? ????????? ??, ?? ??????????????????? ????? ???? ???? ? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???, ??? ???????????????? ???? ? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?????-???????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????????? ? ????????????? ???????? ????? ????????????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?, ?? ?????????? ? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????? ????????
2014 ???????? ????? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ? ??? ???? ?????????

?????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

  1. ≪Institutions of the EU: The European Commission≫ . Europa . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2007 ?? ??????? 23-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ??????? 18-?? .
  2. 2,0 2,1 europa.eu: "European Commission swears oath to respect the EU Treaties" 3 May 2010
  3. European Commission (2006). How the European Union works: Your guide to the EU institutions (PDF) . ?? 20. ISBN   92-79-02225-3 . ?????????? ? ?????????? (PDF) 2012 ?? ???????? 12-?? . ??????? ? 2011 ?? ?????????? 4-?? . ≪Informally, the appointed members of the Commission are known as 'commissioners'.≫
    European Commission. ≪About the European Commission≫ . ??????? ? 2011 ?? ?????????? 4-?? . ≪A new team of 27 Commissioners (one from each EU country) is appointed every five years.≫
  4. Schutze, Robert (2012). European Constitutional Law . Cambridge University Press. ???? 99?100, 118. ISBN   978-0521-73275-8 .
  5. Summaries of EU legislation: Rules of Procedure of the European Commission
  6. ≪European Commission≫ . CVCE.
  7. ≪The new Commission ? some initial thoughts≫ . Burson-Marsteller. 2004. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2006 ?? ?????????? 23-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ??????? 17-?? .
  8. ≪Discover the former Presidents: The Delors Commission≫ . Europa (web portal) . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ???????? 23-?? .
  9. Merritt, Giles (1992 ?? ???????? 21). ≪A Bit More Delors Could Revamp the Commission≫ . International Herald Tribune . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2008 ?? ???????? 21-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ?????????? 17-?? .
  10. Topan, Angelina (2002 ?? ?????????? 30). ≪The resignation of the Santer-Commission: the impact of 'trust' and 'reputation' (PDF) . European Integration Online Papers . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ??????? 12-?? .
  11. ≪Discover the former Presidents: The Santer Commission≫ . Europa (web portal) . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ???????? 23-?? .
  12. James, Barry (1999 ?? ?????? 16). ≪Prodi to Have Wide, New Powers as Head of the European Commission≫ . International Herald Tribune . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2007 ?? ?????????? 17-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ??????? 17-?? .
  13. Rossant, John (1999 ?? ?????????? 27). ≪Commentary: Romano Prodi: Europe's First Prime Minister? (int'l edition)≫ . Business Week . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2007 ?? ?????????? 23-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ??????? 17-?? .
  14. Tobais, Troll (2004 ?? ????????? 2). ≪We have to democratise procedures≫ . Cafe Babel. ?????????? ? ?????????? 2005 ?? ????????? 29-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ??????? 12-?? .