한국   대만   중국   일본 
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????? ???????? ?????????? ??
??????? ????
?????? ????????? ???? (???? ?????) [1]
?????? ??????? ??????
??????? ??????? 1983  ( 1983-10 )
???????? ??????? ?????
???????? ???? , ??????????
??????? ??????????
?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? (Acting managing director) [2]
?????? ??????????????
?????? वृद्धि ?????:BDTConvert (2010) [3]
??????? ?? वृद्धि ?????:BDTConvert (2010) [3]
???? ?? वृद्धि ?????:BDTConvert (2010) [3]
??? ??????? ?????:BDTConvert (2010) [4]
???????? 20,138 '(January 2018) [5]
??????? grameen .com

??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???

??????? ???? ( ??????? : ??????? ???? ) ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????????? (???? ??) ????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? (???? ?????????????? ?? "??????????????" ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??) [6]

??????? ???? ?? ??????? 1976 ??? ?????? ????????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???, ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? "?? ?????? ???????" ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???, ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? 1983 ??? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???

2003 ?? 2007 ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? 2011 ??, ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? 84 ??? ??, ?? ????? ?? 97% ??????? ??? [7] 1998 ??? ???? ?? "??-????? ??????? ?????????"(?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?????????) ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? 2006 ???, ?? ???? ?? ???? ????????, ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ??? [8]


?????? [ ??????? ???? ]

1974 ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? 42 ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? 27 ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????, ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? [9] ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????

???? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????

??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? [10] ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????????? (??????? ??????????? ????????) ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ?????????????? (?? ?????? ???????) ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????, ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? 1976 ???, ?????? ????????????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? [11] ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???, ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???, 1979 ??? ????? ???? ( ??????? , ???? ?? ????? ???) ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? [11] ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????

2 ??????? 1983 ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????, ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? [11] ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? [12] ?????????? ??? ?? 1998 ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??, ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? 2005 ?? ?????? ??, ???? ?? 4.7 ?????? ??????? ???? [13] ?? 2008 ?? ??? ??, 7.6 ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? [14]

2011 ???, ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????, ?? ???? ??? ?? 72 ??? ?? ???? ???, ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? [15]

2017 ??, ???? ?? ???? 2,600 ?????? ?? 90 ??? ????????? ??, ????? ??????????? ?? 99.6% ??? ???? ???? ???? 97% ??????? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? 97% ?????? ??? ?????? ??? [16] [17] ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? 64 ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???? ??, ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? [18]

??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? 2017 ?? ??? ???, ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? 19 ?????? ???? ???? ???? 100,000 ????????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???? [16]

??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

  1. ↑ "Grameen Bank Act 2013" . The Daily Star . ??? ?? 30 ?????? 2013 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 30 December 2013 .
  2. ↑ "Short Biography of Mr. Abul Khair Md. Monirul Hoque (Acting Managing Director)" . ??? ?? 3 ??????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 29 ?????? 2019 .
  3. ↑ ? ? ? "Profit and Loss Account" . Grameen Bank . ??? ?? 31 ????? 2012 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 September 2011 .
  4. ↑ "Balance Sheet (1983?2010) in BDT" . Grameen Bank . ??? ?? 27 ?????? 2011 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 September 2011 .
  5. ↑ "Grameen Bank on Track to Log Its Highest Profit" . Grameen Bank . ??? ?? 15 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 14 August 2018 .
  6. ↑ ??????? ??????: <ref> ?? ??? ??????; What is Microcredit ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???
  7. ↑ ??????? ??????: <ref> ?? ??? ??????; grag ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???
  8. ↑ "The Nobel Peace Prize for 2006" . The Nobel Peace Prize for 2006. 13 October 2006. ??? ?? 19 ??????? 2006 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 13 October 2006 .
  9. ↑ Anand Giridharas; Keith Bradsher (13 October 2006). "Microloan Pioneer and His Bank Win Nobel Peace Prize" . New York Times . ??? ?? 24 ?????? 2009 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 13 October 2006 .
  10. ↑ "History" . Grameen Bank . ??? ?? 11 ????? 2015 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 25 December 2011 .
  11. ↑ ? ? ? Rahman, Aminur (2001). Women and Microcredit in Rural Bangladesh: Anthropological Study of Grameen Bank Lending . Boulder, Colorado : Westview Press . ???  4 . ????????????   978-0-8133-3930-6 .
  12. ↑ Brandon Glenn (16 October 2006). "ShoreBank leaders had hand in Nobel prize" . Chicago Business News . ?????? ???? 15 May 2007 .
  13. ↑ Papa, Michael J.; Arvind Singhal; Wendy H. Papa (2006). Organizing for Social Change: A Dialectic Journey of Theory and Praxis . Sage Publications. ???  72 . ????????????   978-0-7619-3435-6 .
  14. ↑ Grameen Bank Historical Data Archived 2013-08-23 at the ????? ???? . Retrieved 22 June 2009.
  15. ↑ Polgreen, Lydia; Bajaj (2 March 2011). "Microcredit Pioneer Ousted, Head of Bangladeshi Bank Says" . The New York Times . ??? ?? 19 ??????? 2012 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 9 October 2012 .
  16. ↑ ? ? Cosic, Miriam (2017-03-29). " ' We are all entrepreneurs': Muhammad Yunus on changing the world, one microloan at a time" . Guardian . ??? ?? 9 ????? 2017 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 9 August 2017 .
  17. ↑ "About us" . Grameem Bank . ??? ?? 2 ????? 2017 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 9 August 2017 .
  18. ↑ Khandker, Shahidur R.; Baqui, M. A.; Khan Z. H. (1995). Grameen Bank: Performance and Sustainability . World Bank Publications. ??? vi. ????????????   978-0-8213-3463-8 .

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Banks ???????????

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