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MP3 ? ???????? ???? ?????

MP3

???? ????????, ???????????? ???????
(????? ???? Mp3 )

MP3 ??? ???????? ??????? ? ????? ? ????? ????? ?????? (lossy compression) ?? ????? ???. ???? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? , ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????????. ????? MP3 ?????? ?? ? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??.

??? ???? ?? ????????? ??? "MPEG-2 Audio Layer 3".

??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ?????? ( ????? ) ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??. ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????????? PCM ?? " Pulse Code Modulation ", ????? ?? ??? 44,100 ?????? (??????) ?? 32 ?????? (????? ??????? ? ??? ?????? ?? 16 ?????? ?? ???) ???? ?? ????? . ????? ?-1.4 ?????? ?????? ??????. ????????? ????? ?????? (?????? ZIP ) ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????, ??? ?? ???? ??????. ?????, ???? ??????? ???????? ????? (128 ??? 320 ???? -?????? ??????), ???? ????? MP3 ??? ??10%?20% ?????? ?????? ?? ?????. ??????, ??? ?????? 4 ????, ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? 40MB, ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? MP3 ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? 4MB ????.

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???? ???? MP3

??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????, ????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???:

  1. ?? ??????? (The minimal audition threshold) ? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????. ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????, ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????. ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????.
  2. ?????? (The masking effect) ? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????. ???? ???? ? ????? ?????? ? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???, ????? ???? ???? ???? ????. ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????, ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????-????????. ??????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??????, ????? ?? ???. ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????????.
  3. ????? ?????? ????? (Joint Stereo coding) ? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ? ??????? , ??????? ????? ?? ???. ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? (?? ?? ??????? ? ???????? ), ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????. ???, ????? ????? ?? ??? ???????, ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????. ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????. ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? (???? ??? ???? ? ???? ??????????? ).
  4. ??? ????? (Huffman coding) ? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????. ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???????. ???? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????-?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ?????, ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? (???????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????), ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????.
  5. ???? ????? (Bytes reservoir) ? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????. ???????, ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????. ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? "??????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????".

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????? "MPEG-1 Audio Layer 2" ?? ?????? ?-MP2, ????? ?? ???? ??????? DAB (??? ??? ?- 1987 ?? 1994 ), ??? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (???? ????? ?- EUREKA , ????? ?? ?-EU-147). ?- 1991 ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????: Musicam ??-ASPEC, ???? ????? ?? Adaptive Spectral Perceptual Entropy Coding. ????? ???? Musicam ????? MP2 ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????. ????? ???????, ??? ???????? ????????? ? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?-Musicam ??-ASPEC, ?????? ??? ??????? ????, ????? ?? ?-MP3, ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? MP2 ?????? ?-192 ???? ??? ?????? (Kb/s) ????? 128 ???? ??? ?????? ????. ????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?- 1992 ??????? ?"MPEG-1", ??? ?????? ?????? ?? MPEG (??? ???? ??? ISO/IEC 11172-3) ??? ????? ?- 1993 .

????? MP2 ?????? ? ??????? ?- 1993 . "????? ??????? ?? ????????" (?-IUMA) ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????. ?-IUMA ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? MP2. ???? 1995 , ?????????? ?? ????? ?-MP3 ????? ????? ?????. ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? (???? Winamp ?? Nullsoft ) ??????? ? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? .

????? ???? ?? ????? MP3 ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????. ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????.

????? ??????? ?? MP3, ?? ?? MPEG , ??? ???????? ?- AAC ?????? ???? 4-MPEG. ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ?-AAC ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?? MP3 ? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? (???? ????? ?????? ????? DVD ) ??????? ??, ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????.

????? ???? ????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ? ???? ?-MP3 ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????????. ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? 128Kb/s, ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??.

???? ?????? ?????? (????? ????? ??? ????? ?-MP3) ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????????, ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????. ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???????, ???????? ??????? ?????-???????? ?????, ??? ?????? ????? MP3 ?????. ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? (???? LAME) ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????.

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????, ??? MPEG-4 AAC, AC3, ATRAC, MP3PRO, MPC, Vorbis , QDesign, AMR-WB+, RealAudio, Windows Media Audio

??? ??, ???? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ???? , ???: FLAC , Monkey's Audio, SHN, TTA, Wavpack

??? ????? ???, ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? 128Kb/s ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????.

??? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ????? ????? MP3 ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????, ????: ?? ????????, ????, ??????, ???? ?????? ????. ????? ??????? ?? ?- ID3 ??-APEv2.

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  • FLAC ? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????
  • Mp3music ? ??? ??????? ????? ???????

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

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