GDPR

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General Data Protection Regulation
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????? ?????	27 ?????? 2016
??? ?????	??????? ??????? , ????? ?????? ???????
????? ?????? ?? ????	????? ?????? ???????
????? ?????	25 ???? 2018

???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ( GDPR - General Data Protection Regulation ) (????: " ???????? ") ^[1] ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????, ??????? ??????? ??????? , ????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ???????? , ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? - ??????? ???????? ??? "????? ?????" ("Data Subjects") ^[2]. ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????, ?????, ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ? ?????? . ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????.

???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????, ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????, ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????.

???????? ?????? ?-27 ?????? 2016, ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????, ?????? ????? ???? 25 ???? 2018 . ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????, ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????.

???????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? (?? 95/46/EC ^[3]) ?????? ???? 1995, ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????.

???????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????, ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????. ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????.

?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????, ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? 4% ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? 20 ?????? ???? ^[4].

????? ????????, ??? ??? ??? ???? 2017, ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????. ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?????????, ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????, ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????. ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????, ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????, ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ? ??? , ??? ???? ??????.

????? ?????? ??????, ??????? ???????? ??? 24 ????? ???????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ?? HTML, PDF ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ^[1].

???????? ????? ???? ????? ???????:

???? ?????? ????? ???? (Recital) ???? 173 ????? ???? ????? ????????, ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????.

???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????: 99 ????? (Articles).

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"????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? [...] ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??"

?????? ????? 2:

"??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????, ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???, ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????, ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????.

??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????, ?????? ????, ?????? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ??????? ?????? ???????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? (well being) ?? ????? ??????."

?? ?? ?????? ???????, ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ^[5]:

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???????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??????? (Controller) ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? (Processor). ???????? ???, ?????, ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????. ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????.

"???? ????" ????? ???? 1 ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????. ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???, ??? ??? ????, ?????? , ????? ????? ?????????, ???? ????? ???? ???, ?????? ? ????? ??????? , ???? ?????, ?? ????? IP ?? ?????.

"???? ?????" (Data Subject) ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????.

???????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????.

??? ??, ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????.

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???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ????? ??????? ??? 51, ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? (Supervising Authority =SA) ^[4] ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????, ?????? ???? ????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???????, ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????. ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?-"one stop shop" ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????.

????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? (EDPB) ???? ??? ??????? ??????.

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"????? ??????" [??? ????? ????? ??????, "the right to be erased"] ?????? ???? 17 ????????, ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????. ?? ???, ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ? ???? ?????? , ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????, ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????, ???? ?? ??? ???????, ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????. ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????, ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????, ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??????.

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??? ?? ENISA ^[7] ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????, ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??, ????? ?? ????? ???????, ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????, ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????, ??????? ????? ??????.

??????????????? (Pseudonymization) [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

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?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????, ??? ????? ?????? ??????. ????? ?? ????? - ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??????. ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? opt-in ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???.

??????? ??????: ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ???? ???? : ????? ??????? 37?39, ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???????, ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ???????, ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? (DPO) - ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ???, ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????????. ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????, ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????. ??? ??, ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???????.

???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????????, ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? IT, ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????, ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????. ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????, ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????.

???? ?????? :

?????, ????? ???? 27 ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? (EU Representative) ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????????.

????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????????, ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????, ???? ?????, ????, ??????? ??????. ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????, ??? ??? ?????, ??? 72 ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????.

?????, ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????. ?? ???, ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????.

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???????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????:

????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????.
??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????.
??? ?? 10,000,000 ???? ?? ?? 2% ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ????? ???? ??????, ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? 83 (4) ???????:
- ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? 8, 11, 25 ?? 39 ?-42 ?-43.
- ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? 41, 42 ?-43.
??? ?? 20,000,000 ???? ?? ?? 4% ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ????? ???? ??????, ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? 83 (5)(6):
- ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????, ????? ????? ?????, ????? ??????? 5, 6, 7, 9.
- ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? 12 ?? 22.
- ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? 44 ?? 49.
- ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? IX.
- ??-???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? 58(2) ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? 58(1).

???? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ^[8] ????? ??????? ??????.

????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ^[9], ??????:

?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? (DPO) ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ?????? ??? ?????? ???????.
???????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???, ??? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????.
???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???.
????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????, ?????? ???? ???? - ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????.
????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????:
- ????? ???? ???????, ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? (?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???????), ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????.
- ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ????.
?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????.

???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? GDPR ?????:

?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????, ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????, ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????.
???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????. ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????.
????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????, ???? ??????, ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?-GDPR ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????.
??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????.
??????? ???? ????????? ?? ??????, ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????????.

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????, ????? ?????? ????? ?????. ???? 2021 ???? ????? ?-GDPR ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????, ???? ???? ??????? 2021 ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? - ??? ????? 746 ?????? ????, ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????, ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? - ??? ????? 225 ?????? ????, ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????. ^[10]^[11]

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????????

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? GDPR ? ??????????

??????? (EU) 2016/679 ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?-27 ?????? 2016 ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????, ??? ????? ??????? ????.
?????? ?? GDPR ?? ???? ??????
??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? (Computerweekly)
????? ???? ?????? ??GDPR
??? ? ???? ?? ???? ????????
Guide to the UK General Data Protection Regulation (UK GDPR)
GDPR: ?? ????????? ????
?????? ?? GDPR ?? ?????? ??????
????? ????? ??????? ??????
???? ???????? GDPR
????? ??????, ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? , ???? TheMarker ‏, 29 ?????? 2018
??? ?????? ????????, ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? (GDPR), ????? ??????? ????????? (27.1.2019)
???? ??????????, ????? ???????? ??????? ???????, ??-?? ?????? ??????? (ePR) , 6 ???? 2019

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ ¹ ² EU, GDPR , EUR-Lex
^ EUROPEAN DATA PROTECTION SUPERVISOR , ?????? ???????
^ EU ?????? ???????, ???????? 95/46
^ ¹ ² EU, GDPR
^ What are the main aspects of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that a public administration should be aware of? , European Commission - European Commission (???????)
^ ?? ?? GDPR? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? , ‏2018-03-26
^ ENISA, ??????? ???????? ?????? ????, Guidelines for SMEs on the security of personal data processing , https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/guidelines-for-smes-on-the-security-of-personal-data-processing , ‏27 JAN 2017
^ BBC News, Critics condemn new EU data-protection legislation
^ Tripwire, GDPR: the good, the bad and the ugly
^ ??????? , ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? - ?????? ????? ??? ?? 888 ?????? ???? , ???? TheMarker ‏, 30 ????? 2021
^ ???? ?????, ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?-225 ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? , ???? ??????? , 2 ??????? 2021

[הערה_מספר_20180721214540:0-1] ¹ ² EU, GDPR , EUR-Lex

[2] EUROPEAN DATA PROTECTION SUPERVISOR , ?????? ???????

[3] EU ?????? ???????, ???????? 95/46

[eur-lex.europa.eu-4] ¹ ² EU, GDPR

[5] What are the main aspects of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that a public administration should be aware of? , European Commission - European Commission (???????)

[6] ?? ?? GDPR? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? , ‏2018-03-26

[7] ENISA, ??????? ???????? ?????? ????, Guidelines for SMEs on the security of personal data processing , https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/guidelines-for-smes-on-the-security-of-personal-data-processing , ‏27 JAN 2017

[8] BBC News, Critics condemn new EU data-protection legislation

[9] Tripwire, GDPR: the good, the bad and the ugly

[10] ??????? , ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? - ?????? ????? ??? ?? 888 ?????? ???? , ???? TheMarker ‏, 30 ????? 2021

[11] ???? ?????, ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?-225 ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? , ???? ??????? , 2 ??????? 2021

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