??? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ? ????? ????? . ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???, ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ^[1] . ????? ? ??"? ???? 2006 ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ???? (??"? 11361/05) ^[2] . ?????? ????????? ????????? "??? ??????? ?????????" ?? ??? ????? ? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ( ??? ?????? , ??? ????????? , ??? ???????? , ??? ??????? , ??? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ) ??? ????? ? ???? ?????? , ?????? ?-2000 ???? ? ???? ?????? ???????? . ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? 2006, ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ^[3] .

??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????: ???????, ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??-??? ????? , ????? , ??? ? ????? (?? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??"?) ^{[4] [5] [6] [7]} .

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? 1933 ??? "Registrar of co-operative societies" ?? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??. ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? "????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????, ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????, ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ????, ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ????". ?? ?? ???? ?????, ?? ??? ???-??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????. ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ? ????????? ?????? ("Cooperative Societies") ^[8] . ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ^[9] .

???? 1937 ???? 1,006 ?????? ???????? ???? ?????, ????? 871 ??? ?????? ?????? ^[10] . ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????, ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ^[11] . ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? 1,500 ?????? ????????, ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????, ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ^[12] .

???? 1958 ???? ?????? ??? 2,500 ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ^{[13] [14]} . ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ^[15] .

????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ^[16] . ???? ????? ??? ?????, ???? ??????? 1967, ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ^[17] . ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?? 37 ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ^[18] .

?????? 1968 ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????, ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????????, ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ^[19] .

?? ???? ?-70 ?? ???? ?-20 ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? (???? ?????? ??? ?????? " ?????? ??????? ") ^{[20] [21] [22]} . ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????.

? ???? ?-80 ?? ???? ?-20 , ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? (??????? ? ??????? ???????, ??????? ???????? ?? ??????) ^{[23] [24] [25]} , ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ^[26] . ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ^[27] .

? ???? ?-90 ?? ???? ?-20 ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ? ????? , ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ^[28] . ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??, ???? ???? ??????? ^[29] , ??-??? ???? ^[30] , ??-??? ?????? ????? ^{[31] [32]} , ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ^[33] ?????? ???? ???? (?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???) ^{[34] [35] [36]} .

???? 1997 ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????, ?? ???? ?? ???? ^[37] .

???? 2001 ????, ??? ?????, ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????, ??? "??? ?????? ??????? ????" ^[38] . ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ^[39] .

???? 2006 , ???? ??? ??????? ?????????, ???? ???? ????? ^{[40] [41] [42]} , ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? 620 ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ??"? ??????? ???????? ?????? ^[43] .

???? 2013 , ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? 25 ???? ^[44] . ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ^[45] . ????? ???? ??? ?????? 2019 ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ^{[46] [47]} . ????? ?? ???, ? ????? 2020 ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? , ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??, ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ^[48] . ????? ???? ??????? ???? 2023 ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? . ??????? 2023, ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????. ??????? 2024 ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ^[49] .

??????? ?? ??? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ??????, ?????? ?????, ?????? ??????, ???? ^[50] :

• ????? ??????
• ????? ????? ?????? ??????, ????? ????? ?? ??????
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• ????? ?? ?????? ????????
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• ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????
• ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? (????? ?????? ?? ?????)
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???? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

1. ???? ??????? 1948?1962 ^[51]
2. ??? ?????? 1962?1971 ^[52]
3. ???? ???? 1971?1987 ^[53]
4. ???? ?????? 1987?2013
5. ????? ???? 2013?2019
6. ?????? ????? ?????? 2020?2023
7. ??? ???? ??? 2023 ?????

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

• ?????????
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??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

• ??? ??????? ????????? , ???? ???? ?????? ????????

????? ?????? ?? ????? ????

• ??? ?????? , ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ???, ?????? ???? ?? ???????????? ?????? , ????? ????? , 19 ??????? 1986
• ???? ?????-????, ? ????? ????? , ???? ????? , 5 ???? 2007
• ??? ??????, ? ?? ????? ????? , ???? ????? , 24 ????? 2001

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