| ???
|
?????
|
?????
|
??????
|
| 1902?1932
|
????? ??? ???????
(
??'
)
|
 ????? ?????? ??????
(
??'
)
,
 ????? ??'??
,
 ??????
?????
,
 ??????? ??'?
,
????
 ?????? ??? ?????
,
 ????? ?????????
,
??? ???????
 ????? ??'? ???'??
|
8,000?9,000
|
| 1914?1918
|
????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
|
 ?????? ????'????
,
 ??????? ?????
,
????? ?????? ??????
(
??'
)
,
 ??????? ?? ????
(
??'
)
,
 ????'?? ?????
,
 ??????? ????'
(
??'
)
,
???????? ????'?????
 ???????? ????'?????
,
 ????????? ??????? ?? ??????
(
??'
)
,
 ????????? ????????? ?? ???????'?
|
1,000,000?5,000,000
|
| 1918?1922
|
??? ????? ?????
|
?????? ????'????
|
1,000?5,500
|
| 1919
|
?????? 1919 ??????
|
??????? ?????
|
3,000
|
| 1919?1923
|
????? ??????? ?? ??????
|
???????? ????'?????
???????? ????'?????
,
??????
,
 ????? ????
|
170,500?873,000
|
| 1919?2003
|
?????? ??????-?????? (1918?2003)
|
 ?????
 ,
?????
,
 ????? ????????
(
??'
)
|
142,000?320,000
|
| 1920
|
????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????
|
 ?????? ?????? ?? ?????
,
 ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????????
(
??'
)
|
5,000
|
| 1920
|
???? ??????? ??? ???????
(
??'
)
|
????? ?????? ??????
(
??'
)
|
2,050?9,000
|
| 1923
|
??? ??????
(
??'
)
|
????
?????? ??? ?????
|
100
|
| 1924?1927
|
???? ????? ?????
(???? ??????)
|
 ????
????? ??????
,
 ????? ?'?? ?-????
,
 ????? ???????
,
????? (1924?1930)
(
??'
)
|
8,000?12,000
|
| 1925
|
??? ????
|
??????
 ??????
|
15,000-250,500
|
| 1929
|
??????? ???"?
|
 ????? ??????
|
251
|
| 1930
|
??? ????
|
??????
??????
,
 ???????? ????
|
4,500?47,000
|
| 1933
|
??? ????
|
????? ?????
|
3,000
|
| 1934
|
????? ??? ????????????
(
??'
)
|
 ?????? ??????????? ?? ????
(
??'
)
,
??? ???????
??? ???????
|
2,100
|
| 1935
|
??? ????? ????? ???
|
 ?????
|
151
|
| 1935?1936
|
?????? ?????? ?????? (1935?1936)
|
????? ?????
|
500
|
| 1935
|
??? ??????? (1935)
|
????? ?????
|
200
|
| 1936?1939
|
???? ????? ?????
(??????? ???"?????"?)
|
????? ??????
|
5,000
|
| 1937
|
??? ?????
|
??????
??????
|
40,000?70,000
|
| 1939?1945
|
????? ????? ??????
,
?????? ??????-???????
,
?????? ?????? ???????
,
?????? ???????-???????? ??????
|
?????
?????
,
????? ??????
,
????? ?????? ?????? ???????
,
????? ??????
|
16,000+
|
| 1944?1947
|
????????? ??? ????? ??????
(
??'
)
|
????? ??????
|
399-449
|
| 1946
|
????? ???????? ?????? (1946)
|
 ????? ?????
|
100?300
|
| 1946?1947
|
???? ????? (1946)
|
????? ??????
,
 ???????? ?????
,
????? ??? ??????
(
??'
)
|
2,000
|
| 1948-
|
?????? ???????-????
|
?????
 ?????
,
????? ?????????
  ????? ?????????
/
???
,
?????
 ?????
,
????
????
,
?????
 ?????
,
?????
 ?????
,
?????
|
73,000?84,000
|
| 1948
|
??? ???????? ?????
(
??'
)
|
?????? ??????????? ?? ????
(
??'
)
|
4,000?5,000
|
| 1948
|
??? ????? (1948)
|
????? ?????
|
300?400
|
| 1952
|
????? ??????? ????????
|
????? ?????
|
1,000
|
| 1953
|
?????? ?????? (1953)
|
????? ??????
|
300?800
|
| 1954?1960
|
????? ?'?? ?????
(
??'
)
|
 ??????? ????? ??????
(
??'
)
|
100?523
|
| 1955?1959
|
???????? ???????? (1955-64)
(
??'
)
|
???????
 ???????
|
400?600
|
| 1956?1960
|
?????? ????? ????? ????
(
??'
)
|
???????? ???
(
??'
)
|
1,000
|
| 1958
|
???? ????? (1958)
|
?????
?????
|
1,300?4,000
|
| 1958
|
????? 14 ????? ??????
(
??'
)
|
 ?????? ?????
|
100
|
| 1959
|
??? ????? (1959)
(
??'
)
|
????????? ???????? (1958?1968)
(
??'
)
|
2,000?4,000
|
| 1962?1970
|
????? ??????? ????? ????
|
???? ????
 ???? ????
|
100,000?200,000
|
| 1962?1975
|
??? ?????
(
??'
)
|
?????
 ?????
|
10,000
|
| 1963
|
?????? ?????
|
????? ??????
|
100
|
| 1963
|
????? ?????? (1963)
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
1,000+
|
| 1963
|
????? ????' ?????? (1963)
|
?????
?????
|
820
|
| 1963?1967
|
?????? ????
(
??'
)
|
???? ????
 ???? ????
,
 ??????? ???? ???
(
??'
)
|
2,096
|
| 1963
|
?????? ?????? 1963
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
250
|
| 1964
|
????? ???? (1964)
|
?????
?????
|
70-100
|
| 1966
|
?????? ?????? (1966)
|
?????
?????
|
400
|
| 1970?1971
|
??????? ????? ?????
|
????
????
|
2,000?25,000
|
| 1972
|
????? ???? (1972)
|
???? ????
???? ????
???? ????
???? ????
|
100+
|
| 1974
|
????? ?????? ????????
|
???????
???????
|
1,500?5,000
|
| 1975?1990
|
????? ??????? ??????
|
?????
?????
|
150,000
|
| 1976?1979
|
?????? ??????? ??????? (1976?1980)
|
??????
??????
|
5,000-5,388
|
| 1976?1982
|
???? ???????? ??????
|
?????
?????
|
40,000
|
| 1977
|
?????? ???? (?????)
|
?????
?????
|
70?800
|
| 1978-
|
?????? ???????????? (1978 ?????)
(
(
??'
)
|
??????
??????
,
 ???????? ????????
(?-1992),
?????
?????
|
30,000?100,000
|
| 1979
|
????? ???? (1979)
|
???? ????
???? ????
???? ????
???? ????
|
1000+
|
| 1979
|
?????? ???????? (1979)
|
?????
 ?????
|
3,164?60,000
|
| 1979?1980
|
????? ?????? ????????
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
10,171
|
| 1979?1983
|
??? ???-????
|
??? ???????
??? ???????
|
182?219
|
| 1979
|
??????? ?? ????? ????? ????
|
??? ???????
??? ???????
|
307
|
| 1980
|
??? ??????? ???????
|
??????
??????
|
127?550
|
| 1980
|
??? ?-???? (1980)
|
?????
?????
|
1,000?30,000
|
| 1980?1988
|
????? ???????????
|
?????
?????
,
?????
?????
,
?????
 ?????
|
1,000,000?1,250,000
|
| 1985
|
?????? ???????-??????
|
?????
?????
,
?????
?????
,
?????
?????
|
2,000~
|
| 1986
|
????? ??????? ????? ????
(
??'
)
|
???? ????
???? ????
|
5,000?12,000
|
| 1986
|
?????? ????????? ?????? (1986)
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
107
|
| 1986
|
???? ??????? ????? (1986)
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
204
|
| 1987
|
????? ??? (1987)
|
??? ???????
??? ???????
|
402
|
| 1987?1988
|
?????? ????? ??
??? ?????
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
,
?????
?????
,
 ???
|
170
|
| 1989?1996
|
?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????????
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
,
???????? ????????
(?-1992)
|
168?503
|
| 1990?1991
|
????? ?????
|
?????
?????
,
?????
?????
|
40,000?57,000
|
| 1991
|
?????? 1991 ??????
|
?????
?????
|
50,000?100,000
|
| 1992?2000
|
???? ??????? ?????? (1992-2000)
|
?????
?????
|
1,300?2,000
|
| 1994
|
????? ??????? ????? (1994)
|
????
 ????
|
7,000?10,000
|
| 1995?
|
???? ??????? ???? ??????? (1995 - ????)
(
??'
)
|
??? ???????
??? ???????
|
300
|
| 1998
|
????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
,
|
2,000
|
| 1999
|
??? ?-???? ???? (1999)
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
100?200
|
| 2003?2011
|
????? ?????
|
?????
?????
|
109,032?650,726
|
| 2004
|
??? ??????
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
30-100
|
| 2004?2014
|
????????? ?????? ?????
|
????
????
,
??? ???????
??? ???????
|
8,500?25,000
|
| 2004?2011
|
??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????
|
?????
?????
,
???????? ????????
|
588-747
|
| 2006?2007
|
????? ????-??"? ?????? ???
|
????? ?????????
????? ?????????
|
600
|
| 2007
|
?????? ?????? (2007)
|
?????
?????
|
480
|
| 2008
|
?????? ?????? (2008)
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
105
|
| 2009?2015
|
?????? ????? ????
(
??'
)
|
????
????
|
1,554
|
| 2009?2010
|
??????? ?????? ?????? ????? (2009)
|
?????
?????
|
72-150
|
| 2010?2015
|
???????? ???????? ?????
(
??'
)
|
????
????
|
2,200
|
| 2011
|
?????? ?????? (2011)
|
?????
?????
|
846
|
| 2011
|
?????? ????? (2011)
|
????
????
|
2,000
|
| 2011
|
??????? ??????? (2011)
|
??????
 ??????
,
??? ???????
??? ???????
|
100+
|
| 2011-2014
|
?????? ????? ?????
|
?????
?????
,
???? ?????
|
5,540+
|
| 2011-
|
????? ??????? ??????
|
?????
?????
|
503,064?613,407
|
| 2011-2017
|
????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????
|
?????
?????
|
800
|
| 2011?
|
????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???????
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
,
??? ???????
??? ???????
|
|
| 2014?
|
????? ??????? ?????? (2014 ?????)
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
73,000+
|
| 2015?
|
????? ??????? ????? (2015 ?????)
|
????
????
,
??? ???????
??? ???????
|
50,000+
|
| 2016
|
???????? ????? ????? (2016)
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
,
???????? ????????
???????? ????????
|
74?156
|
| 2016
|
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? (2016)
|
??????
??????
|
270?350
|
| 2017
|
?????? ???????-????? (2017)
(
??'
)
|
?????
?????
|
685?900
|
| 2018
|
???? ??? ???
|
??????
??????
,
?????
?????
|
300?500
|
| 2019
|
?????? ?????? (2019)
|
?????
?????
|
432
|
| 2019-2020
|
??????? ?????? (2019-2020)
|
?????
?????
|
1,500
|
| 2022
|
??????? ?????? (2022)
|
?????
?????
|
201
|
| 2023
|
??? ?-7 ????????
|
?????
?????
|
1,376
|