????? ?????

????? ?????
Robert Menzies
????	20 ?????? 1894 ; ?'????, ???????? , ????????
?????	15 ???? 1978 (???? 83) ; ?????? , ???????? , ????????
?? ???	????? ?????? ?????
?? ????	Robert Gordon Menzies
?????	????????
???? ?????	??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????
?????	????' ??????? ( 1909 ) ; ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ; ????' ???? ;
?????	?????? ???????? (1928?1931) ; ????? ???????? ??????? (1931?1945) ; ?????? ???????? (1945?1966)
?? ???	??? ???
	19 ?????? 1949 ? 26 ?????? 1966 ; (16 ????)
	→ ?? ?'???? ????? ???? ←
	26 ?????? 1939 ? 29 ??????? 1941 ; (??????)
	→ ??? ????' ????? ???? ←
????? ??????
	honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons ( 1965 ) ; Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities ( 1969 ) ; ???? ????? ???????? ( 7 ????? 1976 ) ; ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ( 1958 ) ; ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ; ?????? ????? ???? ?'???' ????? ; ?????? ???? ????? ??'???' ?????? ; ???? ????? ; ????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ; ???? ???? ; ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ; ???? ???? ?????, ???? ?????? ;
?????

?? ????? ?????? ????? (? ?????? : Robert Gordon Menzies ;‏ 20 ?????? 1894 ? 15 ???? 1978 ) ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ???. ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? 18 ???? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ??? ????? 1939 ? 1941 ??????? ??? ????? 1949 ? 1966 ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????.

????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?'???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ?'???? ?????? ?????? ??????-???? ????? ???????? . ?'???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ^[1] ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?-19 ?? ????? ????? ???? ????????? . ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???, ?'?? ??????, ??? ???? ? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ?????? . ^[2] ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ?????? . ^[1] ??? ?????? ?? ?????, ?? ?????, ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?-20 ???? ??? ???, ????? ??????, ??? ??? ??????? ???????? . ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? . ???? ?????? "????" ??????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ??? ("??????"). ??? ??????, ??????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?'???? ?????? , ???? ??? ????? ????? ? ????? ?- 1885 .

?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???????, ^[3] ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????. ??? ??? ?????' ????? ??????? ??- 1916 ???? ???? ??????? ? ?????????? ?????? .

?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? 19 ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????????. ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???????, ??? ????? ?????????. ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????, ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????. ?? ????? ???? ????, ?'???? ?????, ??????? ?? ?- 1915 , ???? ??????? ?? ????"? ? ??????? , ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????. ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ???? ????? . ^[4]

????? ????? ????? ??? ?- 1918 ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ????. ?- 1920 ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???, ??? ?? ?'?? ???, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????.

????? ??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?- 1928 ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? . ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????, ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ??-?????. ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????????. ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????. ??? ????? 1932 ? 1934 ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????????.

?- 1934 ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? (United Australia Party), ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????????. ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?'??? ????? . ?- 1937 ??? ???? ????? ??? ? ????? ???????? .

???? 1934 ??????? 1935 ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????-?'?? ??? ?????? ? ??????????? , ???? ??? (Egon Kisch). ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????-?????????? ?? ?????, ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ? ?????? . ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????, ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???. ^[5]

??????? 1938 , ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? , ???? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? "???? ??? ? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????". ??? ????? ???? ??? ????' ?????? ????, ??? ?????? ???? ????' ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? 1938. ????? ?????' ???? ?? ?? ?? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ???????. ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ????? ???? ????? ??? ???. ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? "??? ???? ?????" (Pig Iron Bob) ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ??? . ?- 1939 ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????.

????? ?????? ???? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ? ????? ????? ??????

???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?- 7 ?????? 1939 , ???? ??? ????' ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???. ?- 18 ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????.

??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????, ???? ????' ???? ???? ??? ?????. ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????, ????? ????' ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????. ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????' ???????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????, ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????', ???'? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ??????. ?- 3 ??????? 1939 ?????? ??????? ? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?- 1 ??????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ????. ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????: ^[6]^[7]

??? ?????????, ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???, ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????.

???? 44 ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? 7 ?????? ?????? ???? ?????. ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????, ?? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????, ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????. ???? ???, ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?- 1938 , ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????, ?????? ??????????, ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? , ????? ?'?????? . ????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? 1940 (??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ) ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ??????. ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???. ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???????. ????? ??????? , ??????? ?? ?'?? ????? , ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????, ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????. ????? ???, ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????. ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?'??'?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?????.

??? ?- 24 ?????? 1941 ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????????, ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ?'??'?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ? ?????????? ??????, ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????. ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ? ??? ????? ^[8] ???? ??????? ? ????? ????? ?????? . ??? ?? ????? ?????? ? ?????? , ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???, ?????? ?????? ?????-??????????. ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?'??'?? ???? ????? ???????, ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?'???' , ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????.

?? ???? ?? ????? ?????????, ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??- 27 ??????? ??? ???? ??????. ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????, ?? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ??? ?? ?-78, ??? ????? ???????. ?? ???, ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????, ????? ???? , ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????, ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ^[9]^[10] ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????????, ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????. ^[11]

???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??????, ??????? ????? ?????, ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? "?????? ???????" (The Forgotten People), ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????.

?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? 1941 ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ?'?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???????. ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????. ^[12]

??????? ?? 1943 ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? 49 ???? 74 ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ? ???? . ????????? ?????-?????? ???? ?-19 ?????? ????. ???, ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????, ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??????????. ??? ???? ????, ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????. ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? 1944 ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????. ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????, ?????? ?????? 1945 ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????-??????. ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ? ?? ?'???? ??? ???? ??????.

????????? ?????-?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? 1946 . ??? ???? ?-26 ???? 74 ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????, ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? "??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????", ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ?? ??? ????: "...?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????...???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????".

??? ????, ????? ?????, ??????? ?????-?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ?- 1947 ????? ?'???? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????, ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????. ?? ????? ???? ??????? ? ??? ?????? ?-74 ?-121, ???? ????????? ?????? ????????-????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?-74 ?????? ??????? ?? 1949 , ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????.

????? ????? ???? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????, ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????. ?- 1951 ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????????, ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????, ??? ??????? ????? ????, ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????. ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????, ???? ????? ? ????? ????? , ?? ?????? ??? , ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??????? ??? ???????? ?-1951, ????? ????????? ????? ??????, ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????, ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????. ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??????. ?'???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ??' ?.?. ???, ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???. ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ?????? .

??????, ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?- 1954 . ??? ??? ???? ???????, ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????????, ??????? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????, ???? ???? ????? ?? ???. ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? , ????'??? ??????? , ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????. ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???. ^[13]

???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???????. ?????? ???? ?-64 ???? 121 ????? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????, ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????-??????????. ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? 1955 ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???. ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? 1958 ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????. ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????, ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????, ????? ?????, ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????.

?- 1956 ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? , ???? ??? ?? ???? , ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? . ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????, ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????. ?? ?????? ??????, ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? .

????? ??????? ????, ????? ?????, ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????, ??????? ???? ?? ? ???????? , ??? ???? ????? ??????. ??????? ?? 1961 ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? 62 ???? 122 ????? ???????. ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? 1963 , ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ????. ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????, ????? ???? ??? ?? 70, ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????. ?- 12 ??????? 1963 ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????????.

????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? , ^[14] ???? ????? ??????? ???????. ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??, ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????.

?- 1965 ???? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????, ?? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????. ????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????, ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? . ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????, ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ??????? ?- 1963 , ???? ????? ?? ?????? ? ?????? ?????????? , ????? ????: "?? ?????? ????? ?? ???, ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????". ^[15] ????? ?????? ??????? ???????- ???????????? , ???? ????? ? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ????????. ^[16]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ? ??? ???????? ( 26 ?????? ) 1966 ???????? ??????? ?- 16 ??????? ???? ???, ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? 38 ????, ????? 32 ???? ???? ??????? ??????, ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????. ???? 25 ???? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ?????-??????. ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????, ????? ???? . ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? 71 ????, ???? ??? ?-26 ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????????. ????? ?????????? ?????-?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????, ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????.

???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?- 1972 . ??? ????? ????, ?- 1942 ?????? ?? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????. ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????????? ?? ????????, ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????????????? ?? ????????? , ?????? , ?????? , ??? ????' ????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?? ???????? . ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??? 13 ???????????? ? ???? , ????? ????? ? ??????? , ???? ?????????? ???????? ? ?????????? ?????????' ????????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????????.

?????? ???????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? 1966 ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? (Constable) ?? ???? ???? , ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????? (Walmer Castle) ????? ??????? ??????? ????????. ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ? ?????????? ????'???? . ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????. ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????????. ?- 1971 ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????????. ^[17]^[18]

????? ????? ?? ? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? . ? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?'???? ?? ?????.

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?-18 ????, 5 ?????? ?-12 ????, ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????????. ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? 16 ????, ???? ??? ????? ????, ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????. ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? 1943 . ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? . ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? .

?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ???. ???? ?????? ?? 1965 ??? ???? ?-50% ??????? ??? ????? ?- 1945 . ?????? ????? ????, ????? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????, ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????, ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????, ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????.

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????
????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????????
????? ????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
????? ????? , ???? " Find a Grave " (???????)
????? ????? , ???? Discogs (???????)

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

[ויקטוריה-1] ¹ ² Menzies, James in Parloament of Victoria

[2] Australian Academy of Science: Biographical Memoirs of Deceased Fellows: Robert Gordon Menzies 1894?1978

[3] Robert Menzies, Australia's Prime Ministers, Before office, National Archives of Australia

[4] "Australia's Prime Ministers". Primeministers.naa.gov.au. Retrieved 4 November 2011.

[5] Nicholas Hasluck on writing about Kisch

[6] "MVM 1939 ? Declaration of War". Menziesvirtualmuseum.org.au. 3 September 1939. Retrieved 4 November 2011.

[7] "Menzies Speech: Declaration of War (1939)". australianscreen. National Film and Sound Archive. Retrieved 19 April 2013.

[8] ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????, 3 ??????? 1941

[9] "After office - William Morris Hughes - Australia's PMs". Primeministers.naa.gov.au. Retrieved 17 October 2012.

[10] "Before office - Arthur Fadden - Australia's PMs - Australia's Prime Ministers". Primeministers.naa.gov.au. Retrieved 17 October 2012.

[11] "Ministries and Cabinets". parliamentary Handbook. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 17 September 2010. Page 519

[12] "In office - Robert Menzies - Australia's PMs". Primeministers.naa.gov.au. Retrieved 17 October 2012.

[13] Royal Commission, The Petrov Affair, Museum of Australian Democracy

[14] The London Gazette: no. 42964. p. 3155. 9 April 1963. Retrieved 30 October 2008.

[15] "We did but see her". Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. 7 February 2004. Retrieved 19 April 2013.

[16] Raymond Apple (2008). The Great Synagogue: A History of Sydney's Big Shule. UNSW Press. p. 217.

[17] "MENZIES Robert Gordon". Legal Opinions. Australian Government Solicitor. Retrieved 7 May 2014.

[18] "Former Office-Bearers". University Secretary's Department University Calendar. The University of Melbourne. Retrieved 7 May 2014.

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