??? ????? ?????
(?
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:
United States Army
) ??? ????? ??????? ??
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14 ?????
1775
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3 ?????
1784
.
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.
???? ?-2023, ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?-452,000 ??????, ????? ??-195,000 ?????
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????? ??????
?? ????.
[1]
?????? ??? ????? ????? ??:
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(1787).
13 ???????
, ????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ?
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?-1608, ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????, ????? ??????? ??
???? ?-21
. ????, ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????, ????? ??? ????? ???????, ?
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, ???, ????? ?? ?????? ?????, ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ????????? ???????, ??, ??????, ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????. ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??: ?????, ????? ?
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???? ?-19
. ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????, ??? ???? ????? ????????.
???? ?-19 ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????. ????? ????? ???? ???? ?
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???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? (??????????). ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????. ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ???. ??????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????
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??? ??????
??? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????. ?-1801 ????? ?
???
??
???????
????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????????, ????? ?? ????? ??? ???????. ?-1804 ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????. ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????.
????
1812
????? ????? ???? ?
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?????????
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?????? ???? ?-30 ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????
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??? ?????
1816
?-
1860
????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????
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.
????? ????
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????? ??? ???? ?-19 ???? ????? ????? ?
?????? ?????????????
, ??? ????????? ??????????. ?????? ????? ????? ?
???????? ????
?????? ????? ?? ???. ?-1891 ????? ????? ?
?????
??? ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???. ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?
????????
, ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?-1900.
??? ?-1878 ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????,
??????
?
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, ??????
????????? ????
. ?-1900 ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???????. ??????? ???? ?????? ????.
?-1895 ?????? ????? ????? ?
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?? ????? ????????? ???? ?????
???????? ?????
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??? ??? ?? ????? ?????
, ????? ?-1880 ????? ?-12 ?????, ???? ?-1900 ????? ??????.
??? ???? ?????
????? ?'?????
, ?????? ???? ?-19, ?????
????
???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???. ?????? ???, ???? ??? ?-1895 ??? ?????
????
, ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? 100 ?????? ???? ?-1893. ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?
?? ???????
??????? ?? ??????? ??
???? ????
???????.
???, ?-1898 ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????. ???, ?? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????????, ?????? ???. ??? ?? ??, ?
??????
????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???, ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????.
?? ????? ?????? ??? ????, ?????? ???? ?-1898, ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????
?????
?
?????????
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???????? ???????
, ???????? ???
????????
(1492) ????? ?????, ???? ??????? ????.
[2]
????
1910
??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ????? ????, ????
?????? ?????????
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?? ??????
????????
?
??? ??????
????
1916
, ????? ?? ????? 17 ????? ?????? ????? ????, ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?-12,000 ?????? ?
??????
, ???? ????? ?? ?-
7 ???????
1917
, ?? ???? ??????? ???????. ????? ???, ???? 1917 ?????? ????? ????? ?
????? ????? ???????
???
?????? ??????
(?????? ???????, ????, ???????). ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????????.
????
?????? ?? ??? ??????
????
1941
, ????? ????? ?????? ?
????? ????? ??????
???
????? ?????
(???? ??????? ??????? ???????) ????
?????? ????
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,
?????? ????????
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???????? ??????
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????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
. ???? ???, ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????, ???? ?
?????? ????????
???????
1943
??????? ?
??????
???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???. ????? ????, ?-
6 ?????
1944
, ????? ????? ???? ?
???? ????????
?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????, ???? ?
?????? ????????
. ??????? ???? ???? ??????, ?-
1947
, ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????
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??? ???? ????? ????? ??????, ????
?????? ????
??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????. ?? ????
1950
????? ??? ????? ????? ?? 4 ?? ???? ?????? ?
???? ??????
, ??????? ????? ?? ???
????????
????? ?? ????? ????????. ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????.
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????? ??????
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?????
?????? ?? ??????????, ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??
???? ????
??????.
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??????? ?????
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2001
, ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????, ????? ????? ???? ?
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2003
. ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????, ???
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2013
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|
MAJ
|
LTC
|
COL
|
BG
|
MG
|
LTG
|
GEN
|
GA
|
???
???"?
|
OF-1
|
OF-2
|
OF-3
|
OF-4
|
OF-5
|
OF-6
|
OF-7
|
OF-8
|
OF-9
|
OF-10
|
????? ???
|
???
|
?????
|
??? ?????
|
????? ??????
|
???
|
????
|
??????? ???????
|
AH-6 Little Bird
????? MH,M
("????? ????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
|
????
1980
|
???? ???
|
MH/AH-6M - 51
|
????? ?????
|
AH-64 Apache
????? A,D
("????'?")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
|
????
1975
|
???? ???
|
AH-64A - 107
AH-64D - 619
|
????? ?????
,
???? ???? ????????
,
????? ?????
|
????? ???
|
???
|
?????
|
??? ?????
|
????? ??????
|
???
|
????
|
??????? ???????
|
UH-1 Iroquois
??? H
("????????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
|
????
1959
|
???? ???
|
UH-1H - 875
|
????? ???????
|
UH-60 ??? ???
????? A,L,M
("?? ????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
|
????
1979
|
???? ???
|
UH-60A - 751
UH-60L - 592
UH-60M - 100
|
????? ??????? ???????
,
????? ?????
,
????? ????????
|
UH-72 Lakota
??? A
("?????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
??????
??????
|
????
2007
|
???? ???
|
UH-72A - 250
|
|
CH-47 Chinook
????? D,F
("?'????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
|
????
1962
|
???? ???
,
???? ?????
|
CH-47D - 394
CH-47F - 48
|
????? ???????
|
?????
|
???
|
?????
|
??? ?????
|
????? ??????
|
???
|
????
|
??????? ???????
|
EH-60 Black Hawk
??? A
("?? ????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
|
????
1979
|
???? ????? ?????????
|
EH-60A - 64
|
|
MH-47 Chinook
????? D,E,G
("?'????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
|
????
1962
|
???? ?? ??????
|
MH-47D - 11
MH-47E - 23
MH-47G - 27
|
|
MH-60 Black Hawk
????? K,L
("?? ????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
|
????
1979
|
???? ?? ??????
|
MH-60K - 23
MH-60L - 35
|
|
?? OH-58 ?????
????? A,C,D
("?????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
|
????
1969
|
???? ????
|
OH-58A - 150
OH-58C - 210
OH-58D - 368
|
|
TH-67 Creek
??? TH
("????")
|
|
????? ?????
????? ?????
????
????
|
????
1967
|
???? ???????
|
TH-67 - 172
|
|