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Principality of Sealand
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2 ???????
1967
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sealandgov
.org
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(?
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:
Principality of Sealand
,
????? ?????
:
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) ???
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?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???
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(Rough Tower), ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???
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, ?-10 ?"? ?????? ????
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. ???? ?-550 ?"?
[1]
, ????? ???? 2023, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????.
?? ???? ?????? ??, ?? ?? ???? ?
???? ?????????
??? ????? ????? ?????? ?
??"?
????
1982
[2]
, ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?
??????
????? ??
?? ????
[3]
.
??????? ?????? ????
????
?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
[4]
.
???? ??? ???? ?????? ?-11 ??????? 1942. ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? (Rough Sands) ?
??? ??????????
, ???? ?
??? ?????????????
??
???????
. ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??????. ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? 150?300 ?????
??? ??????? ??????
[5]
. ????
1956
???? ?????.
?-
2 ???????
1967
????? ?? ?????
???? ??? ?????
[6]
, ???? ????? ????
???? ???????
, ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????????.
????
1968
???? ??? ?? ???, ????? ?????, ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????. ??? ????? ??? ??????? ????
25 ???????
1968 ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????????????? ?? ???????, ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????.
????
1978
, ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????, ??????? ?. ?????,
??? ??????
?? ??? ???? ??????
??????
?
???????
???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??
????? ?????
. ??? ?"??????" ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???, ???? ????? ??? (Gernot Putz), ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????, ????? ?
?????
????? ????
???
?? 75,000
??????
. ??????
??????
?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????, ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? 1968. ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???. ???? ?? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ?????????, ????
?? ????
?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????.
?????? ???? "
????? ????
" ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? "??? ????? ??????" (Chairman of the Privy Council). ???? ???????? ???? 1989 ?????? ??????, ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? (Johannes Seiger).
?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?
???? ??????
. ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?
???
??
?'??? ????'?
, ??? ?? ???? 1997 ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???? ???? ????.
?-
2003
???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?
???????
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???????
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????
?????? ???????
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??????? ???????
???? ?????
. ??
23 ????
2006
, ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????, ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???.
????
2007
???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?-750 ??????
????
[7]
.
????? ???????
2012
????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???? 91, ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????, ???? ???? ????? ?????, ??????? ?
?????
?????? ??????
[8]
.
??????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????:
- ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????
1967
, ??? ??????? ???? ????
???? ?????????????
?? ???????, ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????, ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???????
?? ????
????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????.
- ??? ??, ??? ??????? ????? ??????, ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??
?? ????
.
?
??? ??????
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???? ????????? ??????
???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????:
- ?? ?? ????? ?????????????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????. ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????, ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? (???? ????????), ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??.
- ?? ??
????? ????????? ??????
?????? ?
???? ?????????
, ?? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????, ????????? ???, ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ??????????? ???????.
??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? 1968, ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????????????? ??? ????? ?? 12
????? ?????
(22 ?"?) ??? ????, ????? ???? ????????? ???? 1958. ??? ?? ?? ??
???? ?????????
. ???????, ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???????, ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????.
?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???
[9]
?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????.
????? "
??????
" ??? ?-
6 ??????
2005
??
????? ???????
????? ??????? ?????, ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ???
[10]
.
????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????. ??? ??'??? ?????
[11]
?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ?????? ????? ??????? ??????. ??? ????? "????? ?????"
[12]
, ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? 1999, ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????. ???? ??????? ??????, ????? ?
?????????? ??????
?-
25 ???????
2004
????? ??? ?? ????? ?????, ????? ?'????, ????? ??????
[13]
.
?????? ?????? ???????, ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? 1999 ??????? ???? ??????? ?
??? ??? ???
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??????
. ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????.
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???? ???
??? ????? ???? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???.
???? ????? ?????? ?-1995 ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????, ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????, ??????? ????? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ??????, ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? "???? ?????". ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???, ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?
????????????
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. ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????
????? ??????
, ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ????? ???? ????? ?-
2 ???????
1967
. ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????.
?????? ????????
????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? "???? ?????" ????? ?
???? ???????
. ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? 1972, ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????
[14]
.
???? ??????? ??"? ????? ???? ?????? ?
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: ?????
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. ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????, ????? ????, ??? ??'? ????????? ???? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?
??????????? ?????
??????????? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ?? ????? ?????
???? ???
?????? ????????? ??, ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????????. ????? ????? ????? ???? ????
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, ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?
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?? ?-
WIPO
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??????
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???????
???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????, ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??
[15]
.
???? ??????? ???? ????? ????, ??? ?-2008.
????? ?????? ??
??? ?????
?????? ??? ????
1969
???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?
?????
??????? ?????
??????
. ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????, ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ?????? ?? ?????
????? ???????
?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? (???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????). ????? ???? ???? ?
????? ????? ??????
?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????, ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??????: "????? 1001; ?? ????? ?? ?????, IP11 9SZ, ???????" ?? ?? ???? ?????: "Sealand Fort, PO Box 3, FELIXSTOWE, IP11 9SZ, UK". ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ????? "???????".
??? ???????? ?????
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(???????)
????????? ?? ?????? ?????
, ????? ????
??????
?? ?? ??? - ??? 217 - ?????
, ????? ????? "
?? ?? ???
", ????
??????
(????: 47:44)
- ??????? ??"?
- ??? ???'???? ?????
- ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????
- ?????? ?????? ?? ?????
- ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? 1968
- ?????? ??? ?????? ???
- ????? ??? ?????? ?????
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- ????????? ?? ?????
- ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????
, ??? ???? ?????? ?
???
,
??????
,
3 ????
1978
- ????? ???,
??? ?? ???? ??????
, ????
ynet
, 24 ?????? 2007
- ???????? ???????
,
??????: ?????? ????? - ?????? ????? ????? ?????
, ????
????
, 9 ?????? 2007
- Sealand a peculiar nation off England's coast
- ???? ?-
BBC
- ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? - ??? ????? ???? ??
, ????
?????
, 13 ?????? 2023
- ^
???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????
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???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???"?
,
?????
, 27 ?????? 1982
- ^
????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? - ???? ???????.
- ^
???? 131,
Smallest area to claim nation status
, Guinness World Records, 2008
- ^
?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????
- ^
?????? ???????? ?
?????:?-????
?????? ???? [ ???? ] ?????
{{{????}}},
Paddy Roy Bates
,
Wikipedia
, 2024-04-16
- ^
?? ????? ??????? ??????
, ????
?????
, 8 ?????? 2007
- ^
Self-declared prince of sovereign principality of Sealand dies aged 91
- ^
Offshore and offline?
, ??? ?-
BBC
.
- ^
????
?????? ?-Times.
- ^
?????? ???????? ?
?????:?-????
?????? ???? [ ???? ] ?????
{{{????}}},
Joan Bates
,
Wikipedia
, 2023-10-30
- ^
?????? ???????? ?
?????:?-????
?????? ???? [ ???? ] ?????
{{{????}}},
Michael Bates (Sealand)
,
Wikipedia
, 2024-03-05
- ^
????? ?????? ?? ???????
???? ???????.
- ^
????? ????? ???????
, ????? - australian, 11 ??????? 2007.
- ^
Web rebels profit from net controls
, ??? ?-
BBC
.