?????? ??? ???? ????
(?
??????
:
Usain St. Leo Bolt
; ???? ?-
21 ???????
1986
) ???
???
???
?'??????
, ?????? ?????? ??? ??????.
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
???
???? ???????
, ??? 8 ?????? ???,
???? ????
, ??? 14 ?????? ??? 11 ??? ?
???? ?????
?
???? 100 ???
(9.58 ?????), ?
???? 200 ???
(19.19 ?????), ??
???? ?????? 4X100 ???
(36.84 ?????). ?
?????????? ????'??? (2008)
??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????, ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ???.
???? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ???? 3 ????? ??????? ????? ?-3 ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?-100 ??-200 ??? ?????? ?????? 4x100 ??? (
????? 2009
,
?????? 2013
?
????'??? 2015
).
???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? (8) ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????, ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ?'????? ????? ?????? ????.
???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? (14) ?????? ?????? ???? ???? (11).
???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????-????
?'?????
??? ????? ?????? ??????
??????
, ???? ?? ?????, ?'???? ?????? ????, ?????? ?????. ??????? ??? ???? ????
?????
. ??? ?
?????
?????? ?????? ???? ???
?????
, ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????.
[5]
???? ???
????? ?????
.
?
?????? ????? ?????
????
2002
?????? ?
????????
????
?'?????
, ???? 15, ??? ???? ?
?????? ????
????? 200 ??? ?? ????? ?? 20.61 ?????, ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??. ?????, ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?
?????? ???
?? ?
????? ???????
100X4 ??? ?-400X4 ???, ??????? ????? ????? ?-
2003
??? ??? ??????? ???? ?-200 ???, ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? 20.40 ?????.
????? ?'?????
, ???? ????? ?-200 ??? ???, ????? ??????? ??????????? ???. ???? ??? ???? "????? ????? ?? ????" ??
??????? ???????? ??????????
???? 2002.
???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?-200 ???, ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??
??? ?????
, ???? ?? 20.13 ?????. ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?'?????, ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? 16 ??? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ?'????? ???? ??. ??????? ?
?????
??? ??'????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?-200 ?-
400 ???
, ?? ?????? ?? 20.25 ????? ?-45.30 ????? ??????.
??? ?????
?????
????
??? ?????
, ???? ??? ??????? ????
2004
. ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?
????? ??????
???????? ?
??????
, ?????? ?-200 ??? ??? ????? ?? 19.93, ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?-20 ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ?
???
2004 ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?-2004, ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?
???????
??'??????? ?
?????????? ?????
. ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????, ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? 200 ???, ?? ????? ?? 21.05 ?????.
????
2005
???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???,
??? ????
, ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????.
[5]
????? ?????? ??? ???????, ??????
????
????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?-200 ??? ?
?????? ?-CAC
???????? ?
?????
. ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?
??????
. ????? ????? ???? ?-200 ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?-2005 ?????? ?
???????
, ??? ???? ?????? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? 26.27 ?????.
?
??????
2005 ??? ???? ????? ?
????? ?????
????? ???????? ????????. ?? ???, ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????. ????? ????,
????? ????
, ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???????????, ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?-2005 ?-
2006
. ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????
2007
?-
2008
, ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?-400 ???. ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????, ?? ????? ????? ?
???
2006 ???? ???? ?????? ?
????? ??? ?????
???????? ?
??????
, ??????? ???? ?? ?????
???
?? ???? ???. ?? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? 19.88 ????? ?????? ?
???? ???
, ??? ???? ????? ????? ????
????? ????
?
?????? ???
????? ??????? ????. ??????
???? ????? ????????
2006 ???????? ?
?????
??
????
, ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????, ?? ??? ?? 19.96 ?????.
????
2007
??? ???? ?? ???? ??'?????? ????? 200 ?????, ???? ???? ???? ??? ?
??? ??????
, ?-0.11 ?????. ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?
??'????
,
????
. ?
?????? ????? ???????? 2007
?????? ?
?????
??
???
, ??? ??????? ???? ????? 200 ??????, ???? ????? ??? ????
?????? ???
. ????? ??????? 100X4 ??????? ?? ??? ??? 37.89 ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??'???????
????? ?????
,
?????? ???????
?
???? ????
, ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ?? 37.78 ?????.
?-
31 ????
2008
???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?
???? 100 ?????
?????? ?????? ?
??? ????
, ????? ??? ??? ???? ?
????? ?????
, ????? ???? ?? 9.72 ?????.
[6]
??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? 9.74 ?????. ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????, ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?-200 ?-400 ???.
????? ???? ?-100 ??? ??
?????????? ????'??? 2008
?-
16 ???????
2008
??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?
??? ????????
, ??????? ?? 9.69 ?????. ????, ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? 2 ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????, ??? ??? ?? ????? ??-20 ?????? ???????? ?? ??????, ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????, ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????.
[5]
??? ??, ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?
???? 200 ???
, ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??, ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?
????? ?'?????
, ??????? ?? 19.30 ?????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ??????? 4X100 ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?'????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????, 37.10 ?????. ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?
??????????
???, ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? ???
??? ?????
?-
1984
.
?-2017 ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???????, ???? ????? ??????,
???? ????
, ????? ?
?????
.
[7]
???? ??????????? ????? ??????
?????? ?????
????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?
???? ???????
??? ???? ?? ???????, ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????.
[8]
????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ?????. ???? ???, ????? ???? ?
???? ????
. ??????, ?
?????
?
??????? ????????
, ???? ???? ????? ?-100 ??? ?? ??? ?? 9.83 ?????, ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???????. ?
?????
, ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????, ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? 9.77 ?????; ???? ?? 0.06 ????? ????? ????? ????? ??.
?
??????
2008, ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????
???? ???? ?????
???? ??????? ???????? ??????????.
[9]
???? ????? ?-
23 ???????
?
?????
, ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??
?????? ????
?
?????? ?????
.
[10]
?
?????? ????? ???????? 2009
?????? ?
?????
??
??????
, ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? 100 ???, ?????? ???? ???? ?-11 ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ????'??? (?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????
[11]
) ?????? ???? ?? 9.58 ?????. ??? ????? ????? ???? ?-13 ????? ??
?????? ???
????? ????? ????.
[12]
??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????????? ????'???, ?-16 ???????. ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? 37.58
??"?
??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?-60 ???? ?-80 ????? ?? 44.72 ??"?.
????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? 200 ???, ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?-11 ?????, ?????? ?? 19.19 ?????. ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? -
?????? ??????
?? 19.81 ?????, ?
????? ???????
?? 19.85 ?????. ??? ?? ????? ?'????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? 4X100 ?? ????? ?? 37.31 ?????, ???? ?????? ?????, ????? ?? ?'????? ??????? ????? ??????, ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????. ??? ????? ???? "
????
" ??? ??????? ?????? ?????.
?
?????? ????? ???????? 2011
?????? ?
???
??
?????? ???????
????? ???? ???? ???? 100 ?????, ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? 10.05 ?????. ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???, ???? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ???? ???? 200 ?????, ?? ????? ?? 19.40 ?????, ???? ??????? ????? ?????????. ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????, ??? ?? ?????? ??'???????, ??? ???? ????? ?????? 100X4 ???? ?? 37.04 ?????. ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? 100 ???, ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? 9.76 ?????.
[13]
?
?????????? ??????
??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??
?????? ?????
?????? ????? ???? ???? ?-3 ?????? ???, ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????????, ?????? ??? ?????. ?????? ??? ????? 100 ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?? 9.63 ?????, ????
????? ?????
(9.75 ?????) ?
?'???? ?????
?????? ????? (9.79 ?????) ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????.
[14]
????? 200 ??? ?????? ?? 19.32 ?????, ???? ????? (19.44 ?????) ????? ???? ?? ??? ??'????? (19.84 ?????) ?????? ?????? 4x100 ??? ???? ?? ???? ????,
????? ????
?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? 36.84 ?????, ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?'????? (37.04 ?????) ?
??????? ??????
(38.12 ?????).
?
?????? ?????
?????? ?
??????
??
?????
???????
2013
??? ???? ?-3 ?????? ???, ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? (11) ?????? ?????? ???? ???? (9) ????????? ?????. ?????? ???, ????? 100 ??? ?????? ?? 9.77 ?????, ???? ?'???? ????? (9.85 ?????) ??? ???? ???? ???? (9.95 ?????), ????? 200 ??? ?????? ?? 19.66 ?????, ???? ?? ????
???? ????
(19.79 ?????) ?
????? ?????
?????? ????? (20.04 ?????) ?????? ?????? 4x100 ??? ?????? ?? 37.36 ????? ???? ????? ????? (37.66 ?????) ????? (37.92 ?????).
?
?????? ????? ????????
?????? ?
????'???
,
???
???????
2015
??? ???? ?-3 ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???. ????? 100 ??? ?????? ?? 9.79 ?????, ???? ?'???? ????? (9.80 ?????) ?
????? ?? ????
?
????
?
??????? ?????
?
????? ?????
(9.92 ?????) ?????? 200 ??? ?????? ?? 19.55 ?????, ???? ????? (19.74 ?????) ?
???? ?'????????
?
???? ??????
(19.87 ?????). ???? ????? ??? ???? ??
??????
???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????, ??? ???? ?????? ???, ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? 100x4 ??? ?????? ?? 37.36 ?????, ???? ??? (38.01 ?????) ????? (38.13 ?????).
?
?????????? ??? ?? ?'????? (2016)
??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? 100 ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? 9.81 ?????, ???? ?'???? ????? (9.89 ?????), ?????? ?? ???? (9.91 ?????). ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? 200 ??? ?????? ?? 19.78 ?????, ??? ????? ?????? 100X4 ??? 37.27 ?????. ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? - ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?????.
?
?????? ?????
?????? ?
??????
???????
2017
??? ???? ?
?????? ???
????? 100 ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?? 9.95 ?????, ????
?'???? ?????
(9.92 ?????) ?
???????? ?????
?
????? ?????
(9.94 ?????).
[15]
???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?-200 ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?-2002, ??? ???? ?? ????
????
?? ????
????
. ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?
?????????? ????'???
, ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????
?????
??????? ???? ?? ?
??????? ????????
??????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????. ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? 100 ??? ?????? ?
??? ????
, ???? ???? ????? ?
???????
, ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????
???? ?????
. ????? ?-100 ??? ??????????? ????'???, ???? ??? ??
???? ?????
???????? ?????? ?????, ?????? ??????: "????'??? 100 ??? ???".
?-14 ??????? 2016 ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????
??????? ????????
.
[16]
?-21 ???????
2018
??? ???? ?????? ??????
????? ???? ???????
?
???? ??? ????????? ???????
.
[17]
?-12 ???????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????, ????? ?????? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???????.
[18]
???
|
?????
|
?????
|
????
|
??? ????
|
??? (?????)
|
2002
|
?????? ????? ??????
|
?'?????
????????
,
?'?????
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
20.61
|
???? ???
|
?????? 100X4
|
39.15
|
???? ???
|
?????? 400X4
|
3:04.06
|
2003
|
?????? ????? ?????
|
????
??????
,
????
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
20.40
|
2004
|
????? ??????
|
??????
???????
,
??????
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
19.93
|
2005
|
?????? ???? ?????? ??????????
|
??? ?????
????
,
??? ?????
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
20.03
|
2007
|
?????? ?????
|
???
?????
,
???
|
???? ???
|
200 ???
|
19.91
|
2008
|
???? ??? ?????
|
????? ?????
??? ????
,
????? ?????
|
???? ?????
|
100 ???
|
9.72
??? ????
|
?????????? ????'???
|
????????? ?????? ?? ???
????'???
,
???
|
???? ?????
|
100 ???
|
9.69
??? ????
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
19.30
??? ????
|
????
|
?????? 100X4
|
37.10
??? ????
|
2009
|
?????? ?????
|
??????
?????
,
??????
|
???? ?????
|
100 ???
|
9.58
??? ????
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
19.19
??? ????
|
???? ?????
|
?????? 100X4
|
37.31
|
2011
|
?????? ?????
|
?????? ???????
???
,
?????? ???????
|
????
|
100 ???
|
-
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
19.40
|
???? ?????
|
?????? 100X4
|
37.04
??? ????
|
2012
|
?????????? ??????
|
?????? ???????
??????
,
?????? ???????
|
???? ?????
|
100 ???
|
9.63
??? ???????
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
19.32
|
???? ?????
|
?????? 100X4
|
36.84
??? ????
|
2013
|
?????? ?????
|
?????
??????
,
?????
|
???? ?????
|
100 ???
|
9.77
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
19.66
|
???? ?????
|
?????? 100X4
|
37.37
|
2015
|
?????? ?????
|
????????? ?????? ?? ???
????'???, ???
|
???? ?????
|
100 ???
|
9.79
|
2016
|
?????????? ??? ?? ?'?????
|
?????
??? ?? ?'?????
,
?????
|
???? ?????
|
100 ???
|
9.81
|
???? ?????
|
200 ???
|
19.78
|
???? ?????
|
?????? 100X4
|
37.27
|
- ?????? ????
, ???? ???????
???????
- ?????? ????
, ???? ???????
???
(
??????
)
- ?????? ????
, ???? ???????
????????
- ?????? ????
, ????
????? ???????? ????-?????
- ?????? ????
, ???? olympedia.org
- ?????? ????
, ????
??????? ???????? ????-??????
- ?????? ????
, ????
???? ??????
- ?????? ????
, ???? Track and Field (?????)
- ???? ??? ???? ?????: ?? ??? ?????? ?????
, ????
ONE
, 22 ??????? 2008
- ???? ??????,
??????? ?????
, ????
????? ????
, 17 ??????? 2012
- ????? ???????,
??? ???? ????
, ????
????? ????
, 13 ?????? 2013
- ?????? ????, ???? ????
, ????
ynet
- ?????? ????
, ????
??????????? ????????
(???????)
- ^
"Usain Bolt's Olympic goodbye the perfect ending for sprinting's greatest"
. The Guardian.
21 ??????? 2016
.
- ^
"Bolt completes triple-triple, proves he's greatest sprinter of all time"
. No. 20 August 2016. The News & Observer.
31 ??????? 2016
.
- ^
"Usain Bolt wins gold in his LAST Olympic race: He cements his legacy as the greatest sprinter in history as he makes it nine gold medals out of nine with 4x100m relay victory"
. Daily Mail
. ???? ?-
31 ??????? 2016
.
- ^
"Usain Bolt is the best of all time says Michael Johnson"
. BBC.
31 ??????? 2016
.
- ^
1
2
3
???? ??
,
??? ???? ????? ???
, ????
????
, 17 ??????? 2008
- ^
ynet,
?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?-100 ?'
, 1.06.2008
- ^
????? ????? ????????
, 25 ?????? 2017
- ^
???? ????, ????'???,
???? ?????: "???? ???? ????, ??? ???? ?? ????"
, ????
ynet
, 20 ??????? 2008
- ^
News1,
???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????
, 10.11.2008
- ^
????? 5,
???? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?? ????
, 23.11.2008
- ^
??? ???? ???: ???? ?? 9.58 ?' ???? ???
, ????
????
, 16 ??????? 2009
- ^
9.58
, ????
?????
, 16 ??????? 2009
- ^
Usain Bolt runs season's fastest 100
- ^
???? ??? ?? ???? ?? 9.63 ?????
, ?????, 5 ??????? 2012
- ^
???? ?????? ??????? ????,
?????: ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????
, ????
ynet
, 5 ??????? 2017
- ^
???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????????
, ????
ONE
, 14 ??????? 2016
- ^
Usain Bolt trains to be a footballer
.
BBC News
, 21 August 2018
- ^
??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????
, ????
ONE
, 22 ?????? 2019