????? ??? ?????????

????? ??? ????????? (? ??????? : Gerard van Honthorst ;‏ 4 ??????? 1592 ? 27 ?????? 1656 ) ^[1] ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? , ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? Gerardo delle Notti ("????? ?? ??????"). ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ? ???? , ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????'?? . ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?????.

???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????????? ???? ? ?????? , ??? ?? ???? ????????, ?????? ?? ??? ????, ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? . ^[2]

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ????? ?? ??????, ??? ???????, ?? ??? ???? ???? 1616 . ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??, ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??. ?? ????? "??????????? ?? ??????". ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? , ?????? ?? ????? ? ??? ??? ??????? . ^[3] ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????'??? ?'????????? , ?? ???? ?? "??? ???? ???? ?????", ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????, ??????. ^[2] ??'????????? ??? ???? ????? ????, ?????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????'?? ? ????????? ?????? . ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????. ? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????, ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????, ??????????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????'? , ????? ????? ?? ?????? . ^[1]

????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????????? ??? ??????? ???? 1620 ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??. ^[2] ???? 1623 , ??? ???????, ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????. ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??, ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? , ???? ?? ???? ????? ? ??? , ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????'???. ???? 1626 ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? , ????? ????.

???? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ??????? ? ?????? , ????? ?? ?'???? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ?????? , ?? ????? ??????, ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????. ???????? ?????? ??'???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? 1628 . ?? ???? ??? ????????, ???????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ???? . ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??????, (???? ??????? ????), ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? .

???? ???? ???????, ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ???? 1631 , ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ? ???????? ???? ???? ????'??? , ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? . ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ????.

?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????, ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ??????, ????? ?????. [2] ??????? ?????? ???, ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????, ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???????: [2] ?? ?? ????? ???, ?????? ??? ????? , ????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ?-1620, ?????????? ??? ???? 24 ???????? ??? ???, ??? ??? ??? ???? 100 ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????. ^[4]

???? ???? ??? ????????? (1594?1666) ??? ?? ??? ???? ????????. ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????????. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? , ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????. ???? 1646 ??? ? ????? , ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????-??????, ???? ?? ?????? ???? ? ????????? . ??? ??? ??????? ???? 1664 . ^[5]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????????? ??? ??? ????. ?????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????'?, ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????, ?????? ?????? ??????. ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????.

??? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?'???' ?????, ????? ?????? ???????? ???????, ???? ????? ??????, ???? ?? ????'? 1628 , ???? ?????? ????????, ?'???? ???? ??????, ??????? ?? ?'???? ?????? ????? ??????. ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?"??? ? ???? " (1614) ? ???? , ?"??? ???????" ?? ??? ?'?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ? ???? , ?? ?"????? ????" ???????? ?????.

???? "???????" ?? ????????? ???? 1623 ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ????????? ?????, ????? ???? ????? ??????? 2013 . ????? ?? ???? ??? 1795 . ????? ???? ??????? ??? 218 ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??23 ??????? 2013. ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????????. ^[6]

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Honthorst, Gerard van". Encyclopædia Britannica. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 663.
Brown, Christopher (1997). Utrecht Painters of the Dutch Golden Age. London: National Gallery. ISBN 1-85709-214-7 .
Filippo Baldinucci's Artists in biographies by Filippo Baldinucci, 1610?1670, p. 198 Google books

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ? ??????????

????? ??? ????????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
????? ??? ????????? , ???? MusicBrainz (???????)
????? ??? ????????? , ???? Discogs (???????)

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ ¹ ² Brown, Beverley Louise, ed. (2001). "Gerrit Hermnsz. van Honthorst". The Genius of Rome 1592-1693 . London: Royal Academy of Arts. p. 380.
^ ¹ ² ³ Brown (1997), p.62
^ Brown (1997), p.32
^ Brown (1997), p.46
^ James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, 1612?1650. Royalist". National Gallery of Scotland. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
^ Boyle, Katherine. "National Gallery Acquires 'The Concert' by Dutch Golden Age Painter Honthorst." Washington Post. November 22, 2013. Accessed 2013-11-22

[:0-1] ¹ ² Brown, Beverley Louise, ed. (2001). "Gerrit Hermnsz. van Honthorst". The Genius of Rome 1592-1693 . London: Royal Academy of Arts. p. 380.

[:1-2] ¹ ² ³ Brown (1997), p.62

[3] Brown (1997), p.32

[4] Brown (1997), p.46

[5] James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, 1612?1650. Royalist". National Gallery of Scotland. Retrieved 21 November 2012.

[6] Boyle, Katherine. "National Gallery Acquires 'The Concert' by Dutch Golden Age Painter Honthorst." Washington Post. November 22, 2013. Accessed 2013-11-22

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