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Haym Solomon
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[2]
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1770
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1775
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[3]
[4]
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[5]
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[6]
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600,000$ ?????????, ??????? 2.5% ??????. ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? 50,000$ ???? ????? ??????? ????. ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???.
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[7]
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[8]
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1783
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????? 1777, ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????, ??? ?? ???? ?????, ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????. ???? ??????, ?? ??? ???? ??????, ???? ???? ???? ???? 1778; ?????, ???????? ?????????, ????? ??? ???????, ??? ??????. ??? ???????, ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?. ???????.
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" ?????????, ??-1782, ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????. ?-1783, ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????
?????????
??? ???? ??????. ?-1784, ??? ???? ?? ?????
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???????? ???????: "??? ?????; ?? ????? ???; ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????."
??? ????? ?? ???? ???????, ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????
???? ?????? ????? ?????????, ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????. ????? ?????, ????? ?????, ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????. ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????, ????? ?? ????? ?
?????? ???????
.
????? ????? ?Independent Gazetteer ????: "???? ?????, ???? ???? ???? ??????, ?? ???? ???????, ????? ????? ???? ???, ???? ?????, ??? ????? ???????. ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???, ????? ???? ?????????. ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????."
[9]
???? ?? ???? ??????? ?
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???? ???? ???????? ???? 800 ????? ????? ?????????. ????? ???? ???? ?? ????, ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????. ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????, ?????? ???????, ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????. ?-1980, ????? ???? 663 ??-?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????
???? ????
????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????, ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????. ???? ?????, ????? ????? ?????, ????? ??????? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ????? ????, ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????. ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????, ????? ???? ????? "?????? ???????".
[10]
????????? ????, ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???. ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????, ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??
???? ?-18
. ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????, ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????, ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?-$600,000, ?????? ???? ?-$400,000 ????? ?? ?? ????. ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????. ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? Early American Jewry, ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? $800,000. ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? 40 ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? (?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??
????? ?????? ??????
?????? ?? ??? ??????), ???? ???? 2005.
[11]
????? ????? ?????? ?????????, ??? ??????? ????? ????? 3.5 ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??
????? ???????
?????? ??????. ????, ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????, ?????? ???? ?? ????
????? ??????
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,
????
, ?? ?????. ????? ???, ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????. ???? ????? ???????, ?? ??? ????? ???????,
???? ???? ???????
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[12]
?????, ????? ?????, ??? ????? ?
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????? ????, ??? ?? ???? ???? ???. ???? ??? ???, ??????? ?????, ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????. ??, ??? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??.
????? ???? ?????
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, ????
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, ??? ???? ?? ????. ???, ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??.
[13]
??? ???? ???????, 1975, 10
???
?-1893, ????? ????
??????? ?? ????? ?????
?-52 ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????.
?-1941, ??? ?????
?????? ????
?? ???? Haym Salomon, Son of Liberty. ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?'???' ?????????-????? ?????-???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????
?????
, ?
???????
?-1946, ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?
??? ???'??
. ???? ????? ???? ?-2008 ?
?????????? ???-??????
????? ???????, ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????.
[14]
?-1975,
????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ????, ??? ????? ????? "??????? ??????", ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????. ??? ???? ?? ????, ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????: "????? ???? - ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????".
?????? ??????? ?-25 ???? 1975 ????:
??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????, ??? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ??????. ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????. ????? ?? ????? ????? 1781-84 ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? "?????? ?? ???? ???????" ????? 75 ?????? ????? ??? ??????.
?-1939,
????? ?????
????? ?? "Sons of Liberty",
??? ???
??????? ??
???? ?????
????? ???????.
?
????? ????? ??????
, ????? ?????? SS Haym Salomon,
????? ??????
?? ????? ?????.
[15]
- ??????, ????? ???.
????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????
.
??????
: ???? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? (???"? 1899), ??' 41-35.
- Amler, Jane Frances.
Haym Salomon: Patriot Banker of the American Revolution
. ISBN
0-8239-6629-1
- Hart, Charles Spencer.
General Washington's Son of Israel and Other Forgotten Heroes of History
. ISBN
0-8369-1296-9
- Moran, Donald M. "Haym Salomon - The Revolution's Indispensable Financial Genius." Revolutionary War Archives, Sons of Liberty Chapter.
- Peters, Madison C.
Haym Solomon. The Financier of the Revolution.
New York: The Trow Press, 1911.
- Russell, Charles Edward.
Haym Solomon and the Revolution
. ISBN
0-7812-5827-8
.
- Schwartz, Laurens R.
Jews and the American Revolution: Haym Solomon and Others
, Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co., 1987.
- Wiernik, Peter.
History of the Jews in America
. New York: The Jewish Press Publishing Company, 1912.
- "
??????????, ????
",
????? ??? ??????????
(????),
??????????? ???? ?????
, ??? ????: ????, ???"?, ??? ?, ?????? 131?132, ????
?????????
- "???? ???????"
, Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography, 1900
- ??? ?????',
"???? ???????"
, ?????? ?????????, National Park Service, ???? ????? ????????
- ?????? ????
, ????? ?????????, ?
"???? ??????"
, ??????? 1901?1906 ??
???????????? ???????
(???????)
- ???? ???????
, ???? "
Find a Grave
"
(???????)
- ???? ???????
, ????
??????????? ????????
(???????)
???? ?????? (1740-1785)
, ?? ??? ?
?????? ???????
- ^
Buescher, John.
"Jewish Immigration During the Revolutionary War."
, teachinghistory.org.
- ^
Por Jane Frances Amler,
Haym Salomon: Patriot Banker of the American Revolution
,
p.6
- ^
Milgram, Shirley.
"Mikveh Israel Cemetery."
,
USHistory.org.
- ^
Moran, Donald N.
"Haym Salomon - The Revolution's Indispensable Financial Genius".
,
Revolutionary War Historical Article.
- ^
"Haym Solomon".
,
National Park Service, US Department of the Interior.
- ^
Wiernik, Peter. History of the Jews in America. New York: The Jewish Press Publishing Company, 1912. p. 96. ??????? ????? 75 ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????.
- ^
????? ???:
Moran, Donald N.
"Haym Salomon - The Revolution's Indispensable Financial Genius".
,
Revolutionary War Historical Article.
- ^
Wiernik, Peter. History of the Jews in America. New York: The Jewish Press Publishing Company, 1912. p. 95.
- ^
Shirley Milgrim,
"Mikveh Israel Cemetery"
, Mikveh Israel Cemetery site
- ^
?-11 ????? 1980 ????? ?? ?? ?????? Philadelphia Morning Inquirer, ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????.
- ^
"en Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a U.S. Dollar Amount - 1774 to Present"
,
measuringworth.com
(?????? ???? ????, 20.10.2019)
- ^
Goldman Rubin, Susan. Haym Solomon: American Patriot. illustrated by David Slonim. Abrams Books, New York, 2007, ISBN
978-0-8109-1087-4
. ????? ??????? ??: "??????, ??????, ?????, ??????? ???????. ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????." ?? ?????, ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????, ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????, ?????? ??? ?????, ?? ????? ?? ?? ??????, ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???.
- ^
"The Hexagram of Stars on the Great Seal"
,
greatseal.com
- ^
"Haym Salomon Statue Re-Dedication"
Tom LaBonge.
- ^
????? ?????? ?????? ??-??? ??? MC Hull #987 ???? ????? ?-17 ???? 1943. ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?-1947 ????? ?????? ?? ?-1971.