???? ??????? ?????

**???? ??????? ?????**
**Jose Antonio Abreu**
	????? ???? 2007
	????? ???? 2007
????	7 ???? 1939 ; ????, ???????
?????	24 ???? 2018 (???? 78) ; ????? , ???????
?? ????	Jose Antonio Abreu Anselmi
???? ??????	???????
????? ???????	2018?1957
???? ???????	??????????? ??????? ????? ???? , Jose Angel Lamas School of Music , ?????????? ??????
????	?????? ??????
??? ??????	??????
??? ?????	????? , ?'???? , ????
????? ??????	??? ????? ????? ( 2001 ) ; ??? ???? ??????? ( 2009 ) ; ???? ???? ?????, ???? ?????? ( 2007 ) ; ???? ?????? ????? ( 24 ???????? 2009 ) ; Latin Grammy Trustees Award ( 2009 ) ; ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ( 2015 ) ; ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ( 2008 ) ; ??? ??? ???? ( 2008 ) ; ??? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ( 2005 ) ; ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ( 1978 ) ; ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ( 2009 ) ; ??? ?????? ( 7 ???????? 2010 ) ; ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ; ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ;

???? ??????? ????? ?????? (? ?????? : Jose Antonio Abreu Anselmi ;‏ 7 ???? 1939 ? 24 ???? 2018 ) ??? ?????? , ??? ?'???? , ???? , ????? , ???? ? ????? ??????? . ????? "?? ??????" ?? ????? ??? ? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?"??? ???? ?????????" ???? 2002 .

????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? , ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? . ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????'???? ??? ???? . ??? ??? ???, ??????? ?????? ????, ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????, ????? ???? 1897 ?????? ????? ?????????, ??? ?? 46 ??? ????? ?? ?????.

???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ????. ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ? ?????????? ?????? . ??? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ???? 1958 ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ???????????? ????? ????.

????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????. ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ? ????????? . ???? 1957 ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? (?????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????). ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????, ???? ??'???? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????.

???? 1975 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?"? ????? ?????? .

??????? ????? ?????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? 1975 ???? ????? ?? "?? ??????", (???? ???? - "?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???????", SNOJIV - Sistema Nacional de Orquestas Juveniles e Infantiles de Venezuela), ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???????, ???????? ?????, ???????? ??? ????, ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????. ???? 2007 ???? ??? "?? ??????" ????????? ?-240,000 ?????, ????? ?? 1,500 ???? ?????, ???????? ??? 125 ??????? ???? ?-57 ??????? ?????, 30 ??????? ????????, ???? ??????, ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ??????. ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? FESNOJIV. ^[1] ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? , ????? ???? ? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????. ???????? ???? ?? ???? 96 "???? ?????????" ????? ??????, ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???. ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????, ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ?????-?????? ??????? ??????? ????. ???? 1979 ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?"?? ??????". ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? 1994. ???? 1999 ?? ????? ?? ???? ?'???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????. ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? "?? ??????" ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??????, ???? ????? ??????, ??? ? ??????? ??????? ?????, ???? ???? ??????-??????? ?????? ?????? ? ?????????? ?? ????? .

???? 1983 ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? (1989?1995). ????? 1989?1999 ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? "?? ??????" ??????. ???????? ????? ??? ????? 1993 ?-1995 ?????? ???? ?????"? . ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????, ?????? ?????, ?????? ???????. ?"?? ??????" ????? ?"????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????".

??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?'??? ?????, ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?"??????" (2007) ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????. ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? "???? ?????" ??????? ?????? ?????? "??????, ????? ? ????? ???? ".

???? ??????, ??????? ????, ???? ?-7 ??????? 2015 ??????? ?-"Epoch Times" ???????? ??? ?????? ?"??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????". ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????, ?? ????? ???????? - ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????, ????? ?????? ???????, ????? ??????, ????????? ??????-?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????, ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.

???? ??????? ?'???? ?. ????????, ?????? ?? ?-17/12/2014 ?????? ?"Book review" ?? ???? ???? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????????, ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????. ?? ???, ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? "?? ??????" ????? ??? ??????? ???-???????? ???, ???? ????.

???? ??????? ????? ???? ? ????? , ???? ??????? ?-24 ???? 2018 ???? 78.

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????: ^[2]

?????? ??????:
- ????'??? ????? ?????? ???? ???
- "???????" ?-11 ??? ?????
- ???????
- ??????? ???? ?????, ???? ??????
?????? ??????
?????? ??????
- ??????? ? ?????
?????? ????????:
- ??? ?????????
- "?????????? ?????????"
- ????? ???????? Sancta et Imaculata Virginitas

????? ?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

1967 - ???? ?????? ??????? ????????
1979 - ???? ??????
1993 ?-1995 - ????? ???? ?????"?
1998 - ???? "????? ?????" ???? ?????"?
2001 - ??? ???? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ????? ????
2002 - ??? ????? ????? ????? ?"???? ?????????" ????? ????? "?? ??????" "?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????, ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????"
2007 ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? - ??????? (????)
2008 ??? ???? ???????? ?????? (????)
2008 ??? ??? ????
2009 ??? ???? ??????? ( ?????? )
2009 ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????
2009 - ??? ????? TED
2010 ??? ?????? - ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???
2010 - ???? ????? ?? ????? ( ?????? ??????? )
??? ???? ???? ????? ^{[????? ?????]} (???)
2005 - ??? ???? ????????? ?? ??????

????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? (2010), ?? ?????????? ?????? ? ???? (2013) ??? ????????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????.

????? ????? ??????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

2007 - ??? ?????? ????? ????????? Das Musikwunder von Caracas - El Sistema: Vom Armenviertel in den Konzertsaal , ?????: ??? ??????, 30 ????
2008 - ??? ?????? ????? ????????? The Promise of Music. ?????? ?????? ????'? ????, 93 ????
2008 - ??? ?????? ????? 102 ???? ?? "?? ??????" ???? ? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????'?? ????? ?????????
2011 - ??? ?????? ??????? Mata Tigre ? Change through Music in Venezuela: El Sistema . ?????? ????? ?????

?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

Geoffrey Baker: El Sistema. Orchestrating Venezuela's Youth , Oxford University Press 2014, ISBN 978-0-19-934155-9
Martha Furman Schleifer and Gary Galvan, Latin American Classical Composers: A Biographical Dictionary , Third Edition, Lowman and Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland and London 2016

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ??????? ????? , ???? AllMusic (???????)
???? ??????? ????? , ???? MusicBrainz (???????)
???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????????
???? ?????"?
?????? ?? ????? ???? 2003 - ??? ?????? ??? (???????) Matices Nr. 39/2003
??????? ??? ????, ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? "Sudwind
???? ?? ?????? ?????
??? ?? ??? , ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? , ???? ???? , 23 ??????? 2015

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ ???? ?? ?????? ?????
^ M.Furman Schleifer,G.Galvan ?' 2

???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ? ??????????

[1] ???? ?? ?????? ?????

[2] M.Furman Schleifer,G.Galvan ?' 2

[1]

[2]

???? ??? ????? ???????
???? ?-90	??? ?????? / ??????? ??????? (1992) ? ???? ?????? / ?????? ?????????? (1993) ? ??????? ?'??? / ???????? ???????? (1994) ? ????? ?'?? / ??????? ???????????' (1995) ? ?'??? ????? / ???? ???? (1996) ? ???? ?????????? / ???? ??????? (1997) ? ??? ?'???? / ????? ???? (1998) ? ????? ????? / ????? ??????? (1999)
???? ???????	??? ???? / ????? ???? (2000) ? ??? ???? / ????? ??? / ???????? ????????? (2001) ? ???? ???? / ????? ??????????? (2002) ? ???' ?'??? (2003) ? ??. ??. ???? / ?'??' ????? (2004) ? ?'?????? ?'?? / ?????? ????-?????? (2005) ? ?? ????? / ????? ?????? (2006) ? ???? ?????? / ???? ???? (2007) ? ???? ????? / ??? ?????? (2008) ? ???? ?????? / ???? ??????? ????? / ?? ?????? (2009)
???? ?-2010	????? / ???? ???????? (2010) ? ??????? ?????? / ??? ????' (2011) ? ??? ?????? / ??-?? ?? (2012) ? ???? ?'??? / ?????? ??????? (2013) ? ?'?? ??? / ???? ????? (2014) ? ????? ????? / ?????? ???? (2015) ? ??? ????? / ?'?'???? ?????? (2016) ? ????? / ???? ????? (2017) ? ??????? / ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? (2018) ? ?????????? ???? / ??-???? ???? / ?????? ?????? (2019)
???? ?-2020	??? ?????? / ???? ???? (2020) ? ???? ??? / ?????? ????????????? (2022) ? ???? ?????? / ???'??? ???'? / ???? ??? (2023)