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????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????. ?-2008, ?-441 ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? 1.8 ??????? ???? ??????? 6.2 ?????? ??????. ???? 2005, 339 ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? (44%) ??????? ????? ?????? ??????. ???? 2004, ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? 305. ^[1]

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?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????. ????, ? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????. ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????, ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???????. ??? ?? ??, ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????. ?????, ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????, ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????. ? ???????? , ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? (ASIC).

?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????. ??????, ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? 1934, ???? 12(?), ????? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ???, ????? ?-2000 ???? ?????, ???? ??????? ???????? ???? 1940 ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?-100 ???? ?????. ???????. ?????????, ???? 113 ?? ??? ???????? ???? 2001 ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????.

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