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???? ????????, ???????????? ???????
?'?? ????
Gerry Adams
Gearoid Mac Adhaimh
ג'רי אדמס, 2018
?'?? ????, 2018
???? 6 ???????? 1948 (?? 75)
????? , ???? ?????? , ?????? ??????? עריכת הנתון בוויקינתונים
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?????? ??????? הממלכה המאוחדת ?????? ???????
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????? ??? ???? עריכת הנתון בוויקינתונים
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13 ??????? 1983 ? 10 ??????? 2018
(34 ????)
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→ ????? ?? ????
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9 ???? 2011 ? 10 ??????? 2018
(7 ????)
→ ?????? ?? ??????
??? ?? ??????? ←
??? ? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????'
?????? 2011 ? ?????? 2020
(??9 ????)
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25 ????? 1998 ? 7 ?????? 2010
(12 ????)
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1 ???? 1997 ? 26 ?????? 2011
(13 ????)
9 ????? 1983 ? 16 ???? 1992
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לעריכה בוויקינתונים שמשמש מקור לחלק מהמידע בתבנית

?'?? ???? (? ?????? : Gerard "Gerry" Adams , ? ????? : Gearoid Mac Adhaimh ;‏ ???? ?- 6 ???????? 1948 ) ??? ????????? ???? ?????????, ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? 2011 , ??? ??????? ?????, ? ??? ???? , ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????' ( ?????? ????' ? ???' ????????? ??????). [1] [2]

??? ????? 1983?1992 ???? ????? 1997?2011, ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? , ?? ?? ???? ????, ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ???? .

??? 1983 ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? . ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ?????? . [3] [4] ?- 1984 ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ?????????? , "????? ????? ?? ?????" (UDA), ???? ??? ??? ?'?? ???. [5] ???? ???? ??????? ?????, ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????, ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????-???????? , ?'?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????? .

?- 2005 ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????. [6] ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? "???????" (Abstentionism) ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????.

?- 2014 ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?'?? ??'?????? ?- 1972 . [7] [8] ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????. [9]

??? ?????? ?????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?'?? ???? ???? ? ????? , ???? ???? ?????? . ????? ?? ????, ?'?? ???? ??? ??? "????" ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ???????????. ????? ?????? ?? ????, ??????? ?????? ????, ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????. ??????? ???? ??? ???? ? ??? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????. ???? ?? ?'?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? 16 ??- 1942 ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? , ?? ???? ?????, ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????. ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????, ????? ??????, ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?-19. ??? ?? ?????, ????, ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?- 1918 , ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? .

???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????????. ?? ???? ?? ????, ????? ????, ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?- 1974 .

?'?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ? ???? . ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????????, ????? ?- 1964 ? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???.

?- 1971 ???? ???? ????? ??'????. ???? ?? ???.

????? ??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??- 1967 ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????. ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????????? (?????? ????????). ??????? 1969 ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????-?????? ??? ????? ? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????.

?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? 1970 ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????. ??????? 1971 ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? 1922 . ???? ???? ???? 1972 ??????? ???? ??"? "????????", ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????. ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???????. ?????? ???? ?? ????, ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????????. [10] ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ????? 1973 ????? ???? ???? "????". ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????????, ??? ???? ?????? ????. ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? "?????????" (An Phoblacht) ??? ?? ??? "??????", ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?? ????? ??'?????? ??? ???? ??'??. ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??'?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? "???? ????? ?????????? ?????", ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 1972. ???? ?????? ???? ?- 1976 ??? ???? ??? ?- 1978 ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????????, ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????.

????? ????? ???? ?? 1981 ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????. ?- 1983 ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????, ??? ??? ????? ???? ????'? ????? ???? ???????. ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????, ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????. ???? ????????? ?? ??? ????, ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? "???????" (abstentionism) ???? ??????? ?? ???????.

?- 14 ???? 1984 ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? "????? ????? ?? ?????" (UFF) ??? ?-20 ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???. ???? ???? ???????, ????? ???????. ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????. ??? ??????? ??? ?'?? ???, ??- 2003 ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????. ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????. [11]

??????? ?????? ?-IRA [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ????? ?????????? (IRA). [12] ?? ???, ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?-IRA ??? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? "??????". [13] ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?- 29 ??????? 2012 , ????? ??? ?????? , ????? ??? , ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?-IRA, ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????, ???? ?? ????? "???? ??? ?????? ?????", ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? "???? ??? ?????" ????? ??????. [14]

??? ?-IRA ?????, ??? ??'??????, ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?-IRA ?- 1983 ??? ????? ?? ????. ??'?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????. [15] ???? ?-IRA ?????, ?????? ???????? ????'?? ??'?????, ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?-IRA. ???? ??? ???? ??????: "??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?-IRA, ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??-IRA. [16] ??? ?-IRA ?????, ???? ???'??, ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????, ????? ??'?????, ???? ????'?? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ?- 1980 . ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????'?? ????. ???'?? ???? ?-1980 ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? . [17] [18] ??? ?'?? ????????, ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?'?? ??? ???? ????, ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?-IRA ?? "???? ?????", ??? ??????, "?-IRA ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????". [19]

?- 2003 , ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? , ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ????????? , ????? ????????, ????? ??? ????? ?- 1978 ?????? ?? ?-IRA ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??-??? ??? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ???????. [20]

???? ????? ?-IRA, ????? ???, ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?'?? ??'?????? ?-1972. [21] ?'?? ??'?????? ????? ??? ?-16 ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?-IRA ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ("?????"). [22] ?????? ??????????? ?????, ????? ??????, ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??'??????, ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????. [23] ??? ?????? ?? ??'?????? ????? ?????? ?????, ????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ????. [24] ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????. [24] [25] ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? "????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?-IRA ?????? ?????? ???? ??????. [26]

???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??'?????? ??? ?????? ?-IRA ???? ?? ???? [9] [22] [27] ???? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?? "????? ????? ?????". [9] ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?- 2014 , ?????? ??? BBC "??-BBC ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????". [27]

???? ??? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?- 1978 ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????, ????? ????? ??'?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??'?????.

????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? 1975 ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????, ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??'?????? ???'?????. ?? ???, ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ???, ?????? ????, ?????? ??????, ??? ??????.

??? ?????? ?????? ?? " ???? ????? ?????????? ????? " (Provisional IRA) ??? "??? ???? ??????" ?????? 1969 ??????? 1970 , ??????, ????? ?????? ??? ??'??????, ??'???? ???'??, ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????. ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????. ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ? ????? , ?????? ????????, ??? ??? ???????. ?'?? ????, ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????, ??? ???????? ???????.

?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????, ????? ????????? ???????. [28] ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?-IRA ?????, ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????. ?- 1977 , ??? ?'??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ? ???? ??? . ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?-IRA. ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?- 1981 ?? ???: "?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????, ???? ?? ?????? ???????". ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??'??????, ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????.

?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? , ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? 1981 ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????, ???? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????. ?'???? ???? , ??? ????? ?????? , ??? ?????? ?????? ????? 1981. ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????. ??? ???, ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????. ???, ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????, ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????. [29] ????, ???????, ??'????? ????? ?????, ????? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ????? "??????". ????? ?????? ???????-???????? (SDLP) ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ??? 14 ??????? ?????. ?- 1983 ??????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? , ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????, ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????. ????? ??? ????? ??'?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??'?? ???? ??? ????.

??????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?- 1916 ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????????, ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????-????? ?- 1938 . ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????, ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?- 2005 ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????: "?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????... ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???. ??? ?? ?????... ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????. ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??. ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???". [30]

?????? ??? ???? ??, ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????. ??????? ?????? ?? 1986 ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????. ????? ?? ???? ??'?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????. ????? ??, ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?"???????", ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????.

???????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???'?????. ???? ????, ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????, ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????, ??????, ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?????. ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??'????? ??????? ??????.

????? ????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????????. ?????? ??? ??????? ?-11 ??????? ?????????? ???????????, [31] ?? ????? ????, ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???????. ????? ?? ???? ?- 19 ???????? 1988 ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? , ????? ???'? . ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?"?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??". [32] ??? ?? ???? ???? ??-BBC ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??'????? ??? ????.

????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??????, ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ??? ????????? ???????? ??????, RTE, ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????. [33]

????? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????, ???? ???"? ?-BBC ?'?? ???? ????? ????? ????, ?'?? ???????. ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????, ?'?? ????'?? ??????? 1994 . [34]

????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????. ??????? ?? 1992 ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????-???????? ???????? ?? 1997 ??? ??? ?? ????.

??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????.

????? ????? ?????? ???????-????????, ?'?? ??? , ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?- 1988 . ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????, ???? ????, ??? ????? ????????? ??????, ??? ???????? ?? ?'???? ???? , ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????????.

??????? ???? ?? ????? ? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? . ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? 1994 . ??? ????? ?????? , ????? ???????? , ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????, ????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ???, ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????????, ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?'?? ????'?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????, ???? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????.

????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????, ?????? ???????????? ?? ?????, ????? ?????? ???????-????????, ??? ????, ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????-?????, ???????? ???? ???? ??? ? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? , ?'???' ????? , ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????, ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? , ??? ?????? ???? ???? ? ??? ???? ???? ?? 1998 . ?? ?? ?????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????-????? (?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???????) ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????.

?????? 2 ?-3 ?? ???? ??????, ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ???, ????? ????, ?????? ????? ?????? ?????. ???? ??????, ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? "????????" ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????.

?- 15 ??????? 1998 , ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????, ???? ????? "???? ????? ?????????? ??????" (Real IRA), ???? ? ????? ????? . ?????? ????? 31 ??? ?????? 220. ?????? ?????? ?????, ???? ???? ??????: "??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??. ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????". [35] ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????.

??????? ?? ???? ?"??? ???? ??????????" ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????, ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????-????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???.

??? ????? ?????? ???????-???????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ????????? , ?????? ??? ????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????, ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??-2011 ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? (????). ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? 2007 ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????, ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????. [36]

?????? 2009 ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? , ??? ????? , ?????? ?? ??? ???????, ???'??' ???. [37]

?- 6 ???? 2001 ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?-71% ??????? ????? ?????? ???. [38]

??????? ??????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?- 2010 ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????' ??????? ??????? ?? 2011 ???????. ?- 7 ?????? 2010 ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??- 25 ??????? 2011 ??? ???? ??????? ?????.

????? ?? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???????? 2013 ???? ???? ????, ???? ?? ?'?? ????, ??? ????? ????? ?????, ???? ???? ? ????? ???? ?? ???. [39] [40] ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?- 2009 , ??? ?'?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????, ???? ?????. [41] ??????? 2013 ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? 16 ????. [42] ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????, ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?-2011 ??? ?????? ?? ?'?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????.

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??? ????????
ויקישיתוף ?????? ????? ???????????: ?'?? ????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  1. ^ "Mr. Gerry Adams". Oireachtas Members Database. Retrieved 6 March 2011.
  2. ^ "Gerry Adams". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 6 March 2011.
  3. ^ Northern Ireland elections". BBC News.
  4. ^ "Sinn Fein tops poll in Euro count". Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  5. ^ "1984: Sinn Fein leader shot in street attack". BBC: On This Day. Retrieved 3 May 2014.
  6. ^ "Full text: IRA statement". The Guardian (London). 28 July 2005. Retrieved 17 March 2007.
  7. ^ Sinn Fein leader Gerry Adams held over Jean McConville murder, BBC News. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
  8. ^ Gerry Adams remains in custody over McConville murder, BBC News, 1 May 2014.
  9. ^ 1 2 3 Gerry Adams freed in Jean McConville murder inquiry, BBC News, 4 May 2014
  10. ^ The long war: the IRA and Sinn Fein, Brendan O'Brien, p169. Books.google.co.uk. 1999. ISBN  978-0-8156-0597-3 . Retrieved 16 June 2010.
  11. ^ Kevin Maguire (14 December 2006). "Adams wants 1984 shooting probe". BBC. Retrieved 22 March 2007.
  12. ^ Rosie Cowan (1 October 2002). "Adams denies IRA links as book calls him a genius". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 22 March 2007.
  13. ^ Adams denies IRA book allegations. BBC News. 12 September 2002
  14. ^ Daniel McConnell, Adams was on IRA army council, says Taoiseach, The Irish Independent, 30 September 2012
  15. ^ Informer identifies IRA's top personnel. Irish Independent. 10 May 2007
  16. ^ More pressure for Adams as documentary puts issue of IRA membership back in spotlight. thejournal.ie. 24 Nov 2013
  17. ^ Gerry Adams accused of giving IRA orders by ex-IRA man Peter Rogers (video). BBC News. 23 April 2014
  18. ^ Gerry Adams accused of giving IRA orders by ex-IRA man Peter Rogers. BBC News. 23 April 2014
  19. ^ It’s God’s will for us to live in peace’. The Irish Catholic. 23 January 2014
  20. ^ Adams 'was involved in bombing'. BBC News. 13 February 2003
  21. ^ Gerry Adams ordered Jean McConville killing, says ex-IRA commander on tape. The Guardian. 3 November 2013
  22. ^ 1 2 "Sinn Fein leader Gerry Adams held over Jean McConville murder". London: BBC News. 30 April 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
  23. ^ 'Arrest Gerry Adams now' - former republican prisoner breaks her silence on IRA murder of Jean McConville. The Belfast Telegraph. 24 April 2014
  24. ^ 1 2 אתר למנויים בלבד Bob Graham,Patricksawer, ? IRA bomber says Gerry Adams sanctioned mainland bombing campaign , The Telegraph , 23 September 2012
  25. ^ Sinn Fein leader Gerry Adams arrested in Northern Ireland over IRA’s killing of widow Jean McConville. The National Post. April 30, 2014
  26. ^ PJ Browne: Remember the innocent victims of the IRA. The Herald. 16 February 2011
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  33. ^ Twenty years on: The lifting of the ban on broadcasting Sinn Fein, BBC news, 22 January 2014
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  37. ^ אתר למנויים בלבד Barack Obama inauguration: Gerry Adams to attend ceremony , The Telegraph , 19 January 2009
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  39. ^ "Liam Adams convicted of raping and abusing daughter". BBC News. 1 October 2013. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
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  42. ^ Liam Adams jailed for raping and abusing daughter, BBC News, 27 November 2013
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