???????? ??????

???????? ??????
Gregorius IX
	???????? ??????, ???? ???? ?- 1270
????	??? 1145 ?- 1170 ; ????? , ????? ???????? , ??????? ?????? ??????
?????	22 ??????? 1241 ; ???? , ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? ??????
?????	????? ????????
???? ?????	??????? ????? ?????
?????	?????????? ???????
??	??????? ???????
	19 ???? 1227 ? 22 ??????? 1241 ; (14 ????)
	→ ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ←

???????? ?????? ( ?????? : Gregorius IX ; ???? ??? 1145 ?- 1170 ? 22 ??????? 1241 ) ??? ??????? ???? 19 ???? 1227 ?? ???? ???? - 22 ??????? 1241.

??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ( 1073 - 1085 ), ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ? ?????? ? ?????? , ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? . ???? ???????, ???? ???? , ????? ? ???????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????.

???? ???? ????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??????????? , ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? 1145 ^[1] ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? 1170 ^[2] ???????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? 1140 . ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????. ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? , ??? ???. ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ( ??????? : Ugolino di Conti ).

????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? 1198 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ? ????? ?? ???'????????? (? ??????? : Sant'Eustachio ) - ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? . ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????. ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????. ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ( ?????? : Markward von Annweiler) - ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????, ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? . ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????, ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ? ???? ?-??? ?"???" ????? ???? ???.

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? 1206 ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? - ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????????. ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????. ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? , ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????????? . ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ^[3] ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????. ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? 21 ????? 1208 . ???? ???????????? ???? ???? ???? 1208 ????? 1209 ????? ????? ?? ??? ????????. ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????, ????? 1211 ???? ????? ?? ???????. ???????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? - ?? ????? ??????? - ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? . ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ? ??????? ??????? 1211 ???? ??????? - ??????? ( ?????? : absentia) - ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????. ?-1212 ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ????? , ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? 9 ?????? 1212 .

???????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ?????? , ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? 16 ????? 1216 . ???? 18 ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???, ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????, ??? ???? ????? ???? ? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????? - ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????, ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? 31 ??????? . ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ( ???? ) ??? ?????. ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? 18 ???? 1227 ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????????.

?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????. ???? 1217 ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? - ???? ??? ????? ? ???????? ????? ? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ? ?'???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ? ???? ?????? .

???????? ???????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? - ?????? ???? 19 ???? . ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? . ???? 1213 ??????? ?? ?????? ????-?????? ?? ?????? ???????, ????? ??? ?????? ???????, ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ????????. ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? - ????? ??? ????, ?????? ?????.

??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? , ???????? ????, ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? - ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????.

???????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????.

??? ??????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? - ??????? ????, ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? , ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ??? ???? ????? , ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? - ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ??? (1229) . ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????. ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?????, ???????? ??????? ?? ?'?? ?? ????? , ????? ?? ???????, ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????????, ????? 20 ????? 1230 ???? ???? ???? - ???? ?? ?'???? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????. ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????. ?????? ?? ??????? ?????, ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????.

???????? ????? ??? ??? ????, ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????. ???????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? - ???? ?????? ??????? ???????. ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? - ??????? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? - ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????.

????? ??? 1239 ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? - ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???, ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????. ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????, ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???. ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ????. ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? 22 ??????? 1241 ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????.

???? ????????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ? ???????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ????? , ???? ????? ????????????? ????? ???? ? ????? , ??????? ?? ????????? , ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? , ????? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ? ???? ?-11 ?? ?-13 . ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????, ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ? ??? ?????? , ???? ? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???, ???? ? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????, ????? ? ?????? 1229 , ? ????? , ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????. ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?- 1233 ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????, ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????. ^[4] ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ?????, ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? - ???? ??? ???? ???? .

????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ?????????? . ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????, ????????, ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????, ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? .

???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????, ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????????. ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????. ????, ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????, ?? ????? ???? ?"???? ??????", ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????, ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????. ??????????? ??? ???? ??, ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????. ?? ??????? ?????, ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????, ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????. ???? ???? ? ???????????? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????. ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????, ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????????. ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????. ???? 16 ????? 1228 ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ? ???? , ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ????? . ^[5]

???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?-13 , ???? ??? ???????? ?????????? (???????) ???????, ????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? . ??????????? ?? ???? "??????-???" (Domini canes), ??????? ??????? "????-???". ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???????, ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????-???, ????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ????????????? ???????. ???? 1234 ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ? ???? . ^[6]

??????????? ?? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ? ???????? , ?? ?? ????? ???????? ???? 1200 ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ???? 1229 ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????????, ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????, ????? ??????? ? ????? ??? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????. ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ??????. ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ?? ??? ??????. ???? 1231 ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????? "?? ??????" ( ?????? : )Parens scientiarum ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ?? ????????, ???? ?? ????? ? ???? ???? ?? ???????. ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????. ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????, ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????, ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????, ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????, ???? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????????. ?? ?? ????? ????? ??????????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????. ^[7]

???????? ???? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ? ???? ??????? , ^[8] ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? 1230 ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???????. ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? (Nova Compilatio decretalium) ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? 5 ??????? 1234 . ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ? ?????? . ?? ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? (perpetua servitus iudaeorum) ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ? ??? ???? . ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ? ??? ?-19 .

???? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?- 1236 ??? ?????? ????? , ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? , ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????????, ????? ???????? ???????? ??????, ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??????. ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????. ???????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????. ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????:

"?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???, ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????"

???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? , ???? ?????? , ?- 25 ????? 1240 ???? ????? ?? ? ?????? ?? ????? ? ????? . ?????? ??? ????? ?? " ????? ???? ". ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ????? . ??????????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ???? 1242 ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????.

??? ??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? 22 ??????? 1241 ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ????. ????? ????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? 25 ???????? 1241 ????? ???? 10 ??????? 1241. ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????????.

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ? ??????????

???????? ?????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
???????? ?????? , ???? " Find a Grave " (???????)

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ The Catholic Encyclopedia
^ BBKL Register | Germany | Verlag Traugott Bautz GmbH , Verlag T. Bautz GmbH (???????)
^ Answers - The Most Trusted Place for Answering Life's Questions , Answers.com (???????)
^ Weis, Rene. The Yellow Cross: The Story of the Last Cathars. (Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2000), 11?12.
^ s:en:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/St. Francis of Assisi
^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Dominic , www.newadvent.org
^ Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. Routledge, 2000. p1083
^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Papal Decretals , www.newadvent.org ( ?????? )

????? : ???????? ??????	??????? ( ????? ?????????? )	??? : ???????? ??????

[1] The Catholic Encyclopedia

[2] BBKL Register | Germany | Verlag Traugott Bautz GmbH , Verlag T. Bautz GmbH (???????)

[3] Answers - The Most Trusted Place for Answering Life's Questions , Answers.com (???????)

[4] Weis, Rene. The Yellow Cross: The Story of the Last Cathars. (Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2000), 11?12.

[5] s:en:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/St. Francis of Assisi

[6] CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Dominic , www.newadvent.org

[7] Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. Routledge, 2000. p1083

[8] CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Papal Decretals , www.newadvent.org ( ?????? )

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]