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?????	6 ??????? 1581 (???? 71) ; ???? , ????? ????
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???? ?????? (? ?????? : Guillaume Postel ; 25 ???? 1510 ? 6 ??????? 1581 ) ??? ??? ??????? , ???????? , ????? ? ??????? ?????, ????? - ????? ??? ????? ????? ? ?????? . ^[1] ??? ???? ? ???????? ? ?????? ? ???????? , ?????? ? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ^[2] ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? . ^[3]

????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ? ???? ???? ????? ???? ? ??????? ????'????? .

?????? ????? ??????, ?????? ????? ? ????? , ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ? ?????? ??????? ???????. ^[4] ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????, ???????? ?????. ^[5]

????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????? , ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ? ????? , ? ????? ?? ????? . ^[6] ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ? ?????? ??????? , ??????? ??????? - ????? ??? ????. ??? ??????? ??????? ??? " ?? ?????? ???? ????????? " ( De orbis terræ concordia , "?? ???????? ?? ?????" ^[7]), ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?"?? ???" ^[8] ??? ??????? ?? ????????? . ^[9]

????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????, ???? ????? ????? ???????? ? ??????? ??????? ?????????.

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??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????, ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?'?? ??????? ?? ?? , ???? ??? ????? ? ???? . ^[10] ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? , ? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? . ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????, ??? ?-1475, 1487, 1505 ??? 1510. ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??? 1510. ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? - ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????. ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????. ^[11] ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ????, ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? : "???? ?????, ???? ????, ?? ?????, ?? ???? ?-120 ???; ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????. ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????, ?? ??????? ?????????, ??? ????????, ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????" ^[12]^[13]

???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? 13 ???? ???? ? ??????? . ^[14] ? ???? ?-30 ?? ???? ?-16 ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ? ????' ???-???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ? ???????? , ??????? ? ????? . ^[15] ??? ?????? ????????, ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????, ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ? ?????-?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????. ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? , ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ? ?????? . ^[16] ????????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ? ???? ? ??????? , ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????' ???-????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? . ^[17] ?-1528 ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? , ???????? ??????? , ????? ????? ??? ?????' ???-????. ^[18] "??????" ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????.

???????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????. ????? ???? ?-30 ?? ???? ?-16 ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????. ^[19] ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? , ??? ????? ?????? ??????? . ^[20] ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ??????? , ???? ????? ?? ? ??? ????'? . ????? ???????? ????????, ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? , ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????'????? , ?????? ???? ? ???? ????? . ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? . ^[21]

????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????'????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ? ????? . ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ????? , ? ??????? ?????????? ????? ? ?????? . ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????. ^[22]

????? ?????? ????, ????? ??? ????? ?-1537 ??? ????? , ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? , ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???, ????? ? ????? ???? . ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????. ^[23] ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????, ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???, ??? ?? ?????: ????? , ?????? ? ???????? . ^[24] ????? ?? ???? ???????, ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????, ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????. ^[25]

?? ????? ?-1538 ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ? ??????? ??????, ?????? ????????. ??????, ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ^[26] ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ?-1544, ?? ????? ? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? .

?-1553 ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????- ?????????? ?????? ????? ? ?????????? . ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????, ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????, ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???????, ?? ??? " ???? ????? ". ^[27] ???? ???? ?? ???? ????-?????, ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????, ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????, ?? ?????. ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?-1553 ???? ? ???????????? ??????????. ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????. ^[28]

???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????; ?????, ?? ?? ???? ?????, ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? 1581. ^[27]

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^ Thomas Woolford, “Natural Theology and Natural Philosophy in the Late Renaissance”, University of Cambridge, November 2011. P. 77. And see also: Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 126-127.
^ Marion L. Kuntz, Guillaume Postel: Prophet of the Restitution of All Things - His Life and Thought . (The Hague: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1981), p. 9.
^ Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 5.
^ William J Bouwsma, “Postel and the Significance of Renaissance Cabalism”, Journal of History of World Ideas 15, no. 2 (April 1954), p. 220-221. And see also: Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 1-2.
^ Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 2-3, 5.
^ Marion Leathers Kuntz, “Postel and his Idea of Progress and Utopian Reality”, History of European Ideas 7 no. 3. (1985), p. 311-312. And see also: Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Cathol ic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 7.
^ Wilhelm Schmidt-Biggermann, “Political Theology in Renaissance Christian Kabbala: Petrus Galatinus and Guillaume Postel”, Hebraic Political Studies 1 no. 3, (Spring 2006), p.304.
^ Marion L. Kuntz, Guillaume Postel: Prophet of the Restitution of All Things - His Life and Thought . (The Hague: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1981), p. 9, 11-12.
^ Marion L. Kuntz, Guillaume Postel: Prophet of the Restitution of All Things - His Life and Thought . (The Hague: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1981), p. 60.
^ Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 48.
^ Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 126-127. And see also: Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 3.
^ (Historia vitae et Mortis. In: The Works of Francis Bacon Vol. 2. London: Elibron Classics, 2006). In: Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 3.
^ Guillaume Postel, a Frenchman, in our time, lived nearly 120 years; the top of his moustache being still black and not at all grey. He was a man of disordered brain and unsound mind, a great traveler and mathematician, and somewhat tainted with heresy”.
^ Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 126-127.
^ Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 4. And see also: Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation, a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 50.
^ Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 127. And see also Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 4.
^ Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 51-52.
^ Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 127.
^ Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 53.
^ Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 127.
^ Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 53-54. And see also: Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 128-129.
^ Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 128. And see also: Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 4.
^ Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 53-54.
^ Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 132.
^ Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 56-57.
^ William J Bouwsma, “Postel and the Significance of Renaissance Cabalism”, Journal of History of World Ideas 15, no. 2 (April 1954), p. 304.
^ ¹ ² William J Bouwsma, “Postel and the Significance of Renaissance Cabalism”, Journal of History of World Ideas 15, no. 2 (April 1954), p. 306-308.
^ William J Bouwsma, “Postel and the Significance of Renaissance Cabalism”, Journal of History of World Ideas 15, no. 2 (April 1954), p. 306-308. See also: Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 82-84.

[1] Thomas Woolford, “Natural Theology and Natural Philosophy in the Late Renaissance”, University of Cambridge, November 2011. P. 77. And see also: Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 126-127.

[2] Marion L. Kuntz, Guillaume Postel: Prophet of the Restitution of All Things - His Life and Thought . (The Hague: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1981), p. 9.

[3] Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 5.

[4] William J Bouwsma, “Postel and the Significance of Renaissance Cabalism”, Journal of History of World Ideas 15, no. 2 (April 1954), p. 220-221. And see also: Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 1-2.

[5] Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 2-3, 5.

[6] Marion Leathers Kuntz, “Postel and his Idea of Progress and Utopian Reality”, History of European Ideas 7 no. 3. (1985), p. 311-312. And see also: Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Cathol ic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 7.

[7] Wilhelm Schmidt-Biggermann, “Political Theology in Renaissance Christian Kabbala: Petrus Galatinus and Guillaume Postel”, Hebraic Political Studies 1 no. 3, (Spring 2006), p.304.

[8] Marion L. Kuntz, Guillaume Postel: Prophet of the Restitution of All Things - His Life and Thought . (The Hague: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1981), p. 9, 11-12.

[9] Marion L. Kuntz, Guillaume Postel: Prophet of the Restitution of All Things - His Life and Thought . (The Hague: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1981), p. 60.

[10] Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 48.

[11] Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 126-127. And see also: Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 3.

[12] (Historia vitae et Mortis. In: The Works of Francis Bacon Vol. 2. London: Elibron Classics, 2006). In: Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 3.

[13] Guillaume Postel, a Frenchman, in our time, lived nearly 120 years; the top of his moustache being still black and not at all grey. He was a man of disordered brain and unsound mind, a great traveler and mathematician, and somewhat tainted with heresy”.

[14] Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 126-127.

[15] Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 4. And see also: Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation, a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 50.

[16] Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 127. And see also Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 4.

[17] Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 51-52.

[18] Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 127.

[19] Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 53.

[20] Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 127.

[21] Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 53-54. And see also: Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 128-129.

[22] Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 128. And see also: Branon Wheeler, “Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East”, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013), p. 4.

[23] Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 53-54.

[24] Geroge Saliba, “Arabic Science in Sixteenth-Century Europe: Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) and Arabic Astronomy”, Suahyl : International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural 7 (2007), p. 132.

[25] Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 56-57.

[26] William J Bouwsma, “Postel and the Significance of Renaissance Cabalism”, Journal of History of World Ideas 15, no. 2 (April 1954), p. 304.

[William306-27] ¹ ² William J Bouwsma, “Postel and the Significance of Renaissance Cabalism”, Journal of History of World Ideas 15, no. 2 (April 1954), p. 306-308.

[28] William J Bouwsma, “Postel and the Significance of Renaissance Cabalism”, Journal of History of World Ideas 15, no. 2 (April 1954), p. 306-308. See also: Yvonne Petry, Gender Kabbalah and the Catholic Reformation a Study of the Mystical Theology of Guillaume Postel, 1510-1581 (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998), p. 82-84.

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